GSM 11.11 SIM卡应用技术规范详解：3GPP终端接口标准

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本资源是3GPP（Third Generation Partnership Project）制定的技术规范，具体为3GPPTS11.11 V8.14.0版本，发布于2007年6月，标题为《GSM 11.11 SIM卡应用技术规范》。该规范属于3GPP Terminals Technical Specification组，主要关注的是移动设备（Mobile Equipment，ME）与Subscriber Identity Module（SIM）之间的接口，即SIM-ME接口，适用于Release 1999。 GSM（Global System for Mobile Communications）是一种广泛应用于全球的第二代蜂窝移动通信标准，而SIM卡则是实现用户身份识别和数据存储的关键组件。在GSM网络中，SIM卡承载着用户的个人识别信息、密钥以及一些预付费服务的数据，使得用户能够在不同的GSM手机上无缝接入网络。该规范详细规定了SIM卡的设计、功能、安全特性以及与移动终端设备的交互方式。它包括但不限于以下几个关键知识点： 1. **SIM卡结构**：定义了SIM卡的基本物理尺寸、电路板布局和存储区域，如安全区域（Secure Element, SE）用于存放加密密钥和用户鉴权数据。 2. **安全机制**：强调了SIM卡的安全性，包括数据加密、鉴权算法（如A5算法）、以及防止复制或篡改的措施，如PIN码保护和卡初始化过程。 3. **SIM-ME接口**：明确了SIM卡与移动设备之间通过AT指令进行通信的方式，规定了数据传输、操作命令以及错误处理流程。 4. **应用支持**：涵盖了SIM卡支持的多种应用，如语音通话、短信、移动支付等，以及数据业务的接入。 5. **兼容性和更新**：规范了SIM卡的升级和兼容性要求，确保不同厂商生产的设备能够顺利与各种SIM卡交互。 6. **版权声明**：明确了版权归属及使用限制，强调3GPP组织及其合作伙伴对于该规范的使用仅限于3GPP内部的开发工作，并不意味着获得官方批准或可以商业化实施。这份规范为GSM网络中SIM卡的开发、生产和使用提供了严谨的技术指导，对于维护移动通信系统的安全性、标准化和互通性具有重要意义。开发者和运营商在设计和实现SIM卡功能时，必须遵循这份规范以确保网络的稳定和用户数据的安全。

3GPP

3GPP TS 11.11 V8.14.0 (2007-06)

Release 1999

4.1.2 Plug-in SIM

The Plug-in SIM has a width of 25 mm, a height of 15 mm, a thickness the same as an ID-1 SIM and a feature for

orientation. See figure A.1 in normative annex A for details of the dimensions of the card and the dimensions and

location of the contacts.

Annexes A.1 and A.2 of ISO 7816-1 [24] do not apply to the Plug-in SIM.

Annex A of ISO/IEC 7816-2 [25] applies with the location of the reference points adapted to the smaller size. The three

reference points P1, P2 and P3 measure 7,5 mm, 3,3 mm and 20,8 mm, respectively, from 0. The values in table A.1 of

ISO 7816-2 [25] are replaced by the corresponding values of figure A.1.

4.2 Temperature range for card operation

The temperature range for full operational use shall be between -25°C and +70°C with occasional peaks of up to +85°C.

"Occasional" means not more than 4 hours each time and not over 100 times during the life time of the card.

4.3 Contacts

4.3.1 Provision of contacts

ME: Contacting elements in the ME in positions C4 and C8 are optional, and are not used in the GSM

application. They shall present a high impedance to the SIM card in the GSM application. If it is

determined that the SIM is a multi-application ICC, then these contacts may be used. Contact C6 need not

be provided for Plug-in SIMs.

SIM: Contacts C4 and C8 need not be provided by the SIM, but if they are provided, then they shall not be

connected internally in the SIM if the SIM only contains the GSM application. Contact C6 shall not be

bonded in the SIM for any function other than supplying Vpp.

4.3.2 Activation and deactivation

The ME shall connect, activate and deactivate the SIM in accordance with the Operating Procedures specified in

ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26].

For any voltage level, monitored during the activation sequence, or during the deactivation sequence following soft

power-down, the order of the contact activation/deactivation shall be respected.

NOTE 1: Soft Power switching is defined in TS 02.07 [3].

NOTE 2: It is recommended that whenever possible the deactivation sequence defined in ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26]

should be followed by the ME on all occasions when the ME is powered down.

If the SIM clock is already stopped and is not restarted, the ME is allowed to deactivate all the contacts in any order,

provided that all signals reach low level before Vcc leaves high level. If the SIM clock is already stopped and is

restarted before the deactivation sequence, then the deactivation sequence specified in ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26]

subclause 5.4 shall be followed.

When Vpp is connected to Vcc, as allowed by GSM (see clause 5), then Vpp will be activated and deactivated with Vcc,

at the time of the Vcc activation/deactivation, as given in the sequences of ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26] subclauses 5.2 and 5.4.

Vcc is powered when it has a value between 4,5 V and 5,5 V.

4.3.3 Inactive contacts

The voltages on contacts C1, C2, C3, C6 and C7 of the ME shall be between 0 and ± 0,4 volts referenced to ground (C5)

when the ME is switched off with the power source connected to the ME. The measurement equipment shall have a

resistance of 50 kohms when measuring the voltage on C2, C3, C6 and C7. The resistance shall be 10 kohms when

measuring the voltage on C1.

3GPP

3GPP TS 11.11 V8.14.0 (2007-06)

Release 1999

4.3.4 Contact pressure

The contact pressure shall be large enough to ensure reliable and continuous contact (e.g. to overcome oxidisation and

to prevent interruption caused by vibration). The radius of any curvature of the contacting elements shall be greater than

or equal to 0,8 mm over the contact area.

Under no circumstances may a contact force be greater than 0,5 N per contact.

Care shall be taken to avoid undue point pressure to the area of the SIM opposite to the contact area. Otherwise this may

damage the components within the SIM.

4.4 Precedence

See TS 02.17 [6] for precedence.

4.5 Static Protection

Considering that the SIM is a CMOS device, the ME manufacturer shall take adequate precautions (in addition to the

protection diodes inherent in the SIM) to safeguard the ME, SIM and SIM/ME interface from static discharges at all

times, and particularly during SIM insertion into the ME.

5 Electronic signals and transmission protocols

Electronic signals and transmission protocols shall be in accordance with ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26] unless specified

otherwise. The following additional requirements shall be applied to ensure proper operation in the GSM environment.

The choice of the transmission protocol(s), to be used to communicate between the SIM and the ME, shall at least

include that specified and denoted by T=0 in ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26].

The values given in the tables hereafter are derived from ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26] with the following considerations:

- V

and V

always refer to the device (ME or SIM) which is driving the interface. V

and V

always refer to

the device (ME or SIM) which is operating as a receiver on the interface.

- this convention is different to the one used in ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26], which specifically defines an ICC for which

its current conventions apply. The following clauses define the specific core requirements for the SIM, which

provide also the basis for Type Approval. For each state (V

, V

and V

) a positive current is defined as

flowing out of the entity (ME or SIM) in that state.

5.1 Supply voltage Vcc (contact C1)

The SIM shall be operated within the following limits.

Table 1: Electrical characteristics of Vcc under normal operating conditions

Symbol

Minimum

Maximum

Unit

Vcc

4,5

5,5

Icc

The current consumption of the SIM shall not exceed the value given in table 1 during any state (including activation

and deactivation as defined in subclause 4.3.2).

When the SIM is in idle state (see below) the current consumption of the card shall not exceed 200 µA at 1 MHz and

25°C. If clock stop mode is allowed, then the current consumption shall also not exceed 200 µA while the clock is

stopped.

3GPP

3GPP TS 11.11 V8.14.0 (2007-06)

Release 1999

The ME shall source the maximum current requirements defined above. It shall also be able to counteract spikes in the

current consumption of the card up to a maximum charge of 40 nAs with no more than 400 ns duration and an amplitude

of at most 200 mA, ensuring that the supply voltage stays in the specified range.

NOTE: A possible solution would be to place a capacitor (e.g. 100 nF, ceramic) as close as possible to the

contacting elements.

5.2 Reset (RST) (contact C2)

The ME shall operate the SIM within the following limits.

Table 2: Electrical characteristics of RST under normal operating conditions

Symbol

Conditions

Minimum

Maximum

OHmax

= +20 µA

Vcc-0,7

Vcc (note)

OLmax

= -200 µA

0V (note)

0,6 V

out

= C

= 30 pF

400 µs

NOTE: To allow for overshoot the voltage on RST shall remain

between -0,3 V and Vcc+0,3 V during dynamic operation.

5.3 Programming voltage Vpp (contact C6)

SIMs shall not require any programming voltage on Vpp. The ME need not provide contact C6. If the ME provides

contact C6, then, in the case of the ID-1 SIM the same voltage shall be supplied on Vpp as on Vcc, while in the case of

Plug-in SIMs the ME need not provide any voltage on C6. Contact C6 may be connected to Vcc in any ME but shall not

be connected to ground.

5.4 Clock CLK (contact C3)

The SIM shall support 1 MHz to 5 MHz. The clock shall be supplied by the ME. No "internal clock" SIMs shall be

used.

If a frequency of 13/4 MHz is needed by the SIM to run the authentication procedure in the allotted time (see

TS 03.20 [11]), or to process an ENVELOPE command used for SIM Data Download, bit 2 of byte 1 in the file

characteristics shall be set to 1. Otherwise a minimum frequency of 13/8 MHz may be used.

The duty cycle shall be between 40 % and 60 % of the period during stable operation.

The ME shall operate the SIM within the following limits:

Table 3: Electrical characteristics of CLK under normal operating conditions

Symbol

Conditions

Minimum

Maximum

OHmax

= +20 µA

0,7xVcc

Vcc (note)

OLmax

= -200 µA

0 V (note)

0,5 V

out

= C

= 30 pF

9 % of period with a maximum of 0,5 µs

NOTE: To allow for overshoot the voltage on CLK shall remain between -0,3 V and Vcc+0,3 V

during dynamic operation.

5.5 I/O (contact C7)

Table 4 defines the electrical characteristics of the I/O (contact C7). The values given in the table have the effect of

defining the values of the pull-up resistor in the ME and the impedances of the drivers and receivers in the ME and SIM.

3GPP

3GPP TS 11.11 V8.14.0 (2007-06)

Release 1999

Table 4: Electrical characteristics of I/O under normal operating conditions

Symbol

Conditions

Minimum

Maximum

IHmax

= ± 20 µA (note 2)

0,7xVcc

Vcc+0,3 V

ILmax

= +1 mA

-0,3 V

0,8 V

(note 1)

OHmax

= + 20µA

3,8 V

Vcc (note 3)

OLmax

= -1 mA

0 V (note 3)

0,4 V

out

= C

= 30 pF

1 µs

NOTE 1: It is assumed that a pull-up resistor is used in the interface device (recommended

value: 20 kohms).

NOTE 2: During static conditions (idle state) only the positive value can apply. Under dynamic

operating conditions (transmission) short term voltage spikes on the I/O line may

cause a current reversal.

NOTE 3: To allow for overshoot the voltage on I/O shall remain between -0,3 V and Vcc+0,3 V

during dynamic operation.

5.6 States

There are two states for the SIM while the power supply is on:

- the SIM is in operating state when it executes a command. This state also includes transmission from and to the

ME;

- the SIM is in idle state at any other time. It shall retain all pertinent data during this state.

The SIM may support a clock stop mode. The clock shall only be switched off subject to the conditions specified in the

file characteristics (see clause 9).

Clock stop mode. An ME of Phase 2 or later shall wait at least 1 860 clock cycles after having received the last

character, including the guard time (2 etu), of the response before it switches off the clock (if it is allowed to do so). It

shall wait at least 744 clock cycles before it sends the first command after having started the clock.

To achieve phase compatibility, the following procedure shall be adhered to:

- a SIM of Phase 2 or later shall always send the status information "normal ending of the command" after the

successful interpretation of the command SLEEP received from a Phase 1 ME. An ME of Phase 2 or later shall

not send a SLEEP command;

- a Phase 1 ME shall wait at least 744 clock cycles after having received the compulsory acknowledgement SW1

SW2 of the SLEEP command before it switches off the clock (if it is allowed to do so). It shall wait at least

744 clock cycles before it sends the first command after having started the clock.

5.7 Baudrate

The initial baudrate (during ATR) shall be: (clock frequency)/372. Subsequent baudrate shall be: (clock frequency)/372

unless the PPS procedure has been successfully performed. In that case the negotiated baudrate shall be applied

according to subclause 5.8.2.

5.8 Answer To Reset (ATR)

The ATR is information presented by the SIM to the ME at the beginning of the card session and gives operational

requirements.

5.8.1 Structure and contents

The following table gives an explanation of the characters specified in ISO/IEC 7816-3 [26] and the requirements for

their use in GSM. The answer to reset consists of at most 33 characters. The ME shall be able to receive interface

characters for transmission protocols other than T=0, historical characters and a check byte, even if only T=0 is used by

the ME.

3GPP

3GPP TS 11.11 V8.14.0 (2007-06)

Release 1999

Table 5: ATR

Character

Contents

sent by

the card

a) evaluation by the ME

b) reaction by the ME

1. Initial character

coding convention for all

subsequent characters

(direct or inverse

convention)

always

a) always

b) using appropriate convention

2. Format

character

subsequent interface

characters, number of

historical characters

always

a) always

b) identifying the subsequent

characters accordingly

3. Interface

character

(global)

TA1

parameters to calculate the

work etu

optional

a) always if present

b) if TA1 is not '11' or '01', PPS procedure

shall be used (see subclause 5.8.2)

4. Interface

character

(global)

TB1

parameters to calculate the

programming voltage and

current

optional

a) always if present

b) if PI1 is not 0, then reject the SIM (in

accordance with subclause 5.10)

5. Interface

character

(global)

TC1

parameters to calculate the

extra guardtime requested

by the card; no extra

guardtime is used to send

characters from the card to

the ME

optional

a) always if present

b) if TC1 is neither 0 nor 255, then reject the

SIM (in accordance with subclause 5.10); see

the note after the table

6. Interface

character

TD1

protocol type; indicator for

the presence of interface

characters, specifying rules

to be used for transmissions

with the given protocol type

always, if

T=15

indicated in

TDi (i>1)

a) always if present

b) identifying the subsequent characters

accordingly

7. Interface

character

(specific)

TA2

not used for protocol T=0

optional

a) optional

b) --------

8. Interface

character

(global)

TB2

parameter to calculate the

programming voltage

never

the allowed value of TB1 above defines that an

external programming voltage is not applicable

9. Interface

character

(specific)

TC2

parameters to calculate the

work waiting time

optional

a) always if present

b) using the work waiting time accordingly

10. Interface

character

TDi

(i>1)

protocol type; indicator for

the presence of interface

characters, specifying rules

to be used for transmissions

with the given protocol type

optional

a) always if present

b) identifying the subsequent characters

accordingly

(continued)

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