ASP.NET 4.5 数据库入门指南

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"Beginning ASP.NET 4.5 Databases 3rd Edition.pdf 是一本关于ASP.NET 4.5数据库开发的入门指南，涵盖了从关系型数据库到非关系型数据库的介绍，以及使用ADO.NET、LINQ、Entity Framework和WCF Data Services进行数据访问和绑定的详细知识。" 本书详细讲解了以下ASP.NET 4.5数据库开发中的关键知识点： 1. **ASP.NET 4.5数据源** (Chapter 1): 这一章将介绍在ASP.NET 4.5中如何与各种数据源（如SQL Server、XML、Web服务等）交互，包括控件数据绑定和数据源配置。 2. **关系数据库的未来** (Chapter 2): 讨论了关系数据库技术的发展趋势，可能涉及NoSQL的兴起，以及这些变化对ASP.NET开发的影响。 3. **非关系型数据库的引入** (Chapter 3): 介绍了非关系型数据库（如MongoDB、CouchDB等）的概念和优势，以及如何在ASP.NET应用程序中使用它们。 4. **使用ADO.NET访问数据** (Chapter 4): 深入探讨ADO.NET框架，包括连接数据库、执行SQL命令、处理结果集以及数据适配器和数据集的使用。 5. **语言集成查询（LINQ）** (Chapter 5): 阐述了LINQ的基本概念，包括查询表达式和方法语法，以及如何使用LINQ to SQL和LINQ to Entities来简化数据访问。 6. **ADO.NET实体数据模型** (Chapter 6): 详细介绍了Entity Framework的基础，包括实体类、上下文对象、关系映射以及如何通过Entity Framework操作数据库。 7. **使用Entity Framework设计数据访问应用** (Chapter 7): 教导读者如何利用Entity Framework构建高效的数据访问层，包括模型第一、数据库第一的开发策略。 8. **Entity Framework数据访问范式** (Chapter 8): 探讨了不同类型的Entity Framework应用场景，例如代码优先、数据库优先以及模型视图控制器(MVC)的集成。 9. **通过WCF数据服务消费数据** (Chapter 9): 介绍如何使用Windows Communication Foundation (WCF)创建数据服务，使数据能在多个应用程序之间共享和访问。 10. **ASP.NET 4.5中的数据绑定** (Chapter 10): 详细讲述了ASP.NET中的数据绑定机制，包括控件数据绑定、模板字段、数据源控件等，以及如何实现动态数据功能。 11. **构建可扩展的数据驱动Web应用** (Chapter 11): 使用ASP.NET DynamicData框架构建动态数据驱动的应用程序，讨论如何实现快速的表单验证和数据输入。 12. **构建数据驱动网站的最佳实践和技术** (Chapter 12): 提供了构建高效、可维护的数据驱动网站的技巧和建议，包括性能优化、安全性考虑、测试策略等。 13. **应用程序生命周期管理** (Chapter 13): 虽未给出具体内容，但通常会涵盖ASP.NET应用程序的生命周期，包括初始化、请求处理、状态管理以及错误处理等。这本书不仅适合初学者，也对有经验的ASP.NET开发者提供了宝贵的进阶指导，通过深入浅出的讲解，帮助读者掌握ASP.NET 4.5环境下数据库开发的核心技术和最佳实践。

CHAPTER 1 ■ ASP.NET 4.5 DATA SOURCES

catch (Exception)

{

//Log Exception

}

You will notice that the main thread is not blocked, and you can continue to see the results inside the while loop

that checks for the IAsyncResult IsCompleted property. A simple callback handler will look like the following:

private static void CallBack(IAsyncResult result)

{

try

{

var command = (SqlCommand)result.AsyncState;

command.EndExecuteNonQuery(result);

}

catch (Exception)

{

//Log Exception

}

For a simple asynchronous execution of the command, this is lot of code. You will find out how this is simplified

in .NET Framework 4.5.

Note ■ In order for the asynchronous operation to work, the attribute “Asynchronous Processing=true” needs to be

set on the connection string element of your configuration file.

Async Programming Model in .NET Framework 4.5

The asynchronous programming model just discussed has not been deprecated in .NET Framework 4.5. It

continues to be supported; however, the preferred approach is to use the new model leveraging a task-based parallel

programming pattern along with async and await modifiers. It is very important that you implement the modifiers

appropriately. The implementation can become synchronous unless one follows an async call by one or more await

modifiers. The async modifier indicates an asynchronous operation, and when the program execution encounters the

await modifier, it exits the current method. When the forked task finishes, execution resumes in the method.

Caution ■ Asynchronous operations are not supported if the attribute "Context Connection" is set to "true" in the

connection string.

The ADO.NET Async programming model in .NET Framework 4.5 exposes an equivalent asynchronous method

for every synchronous method exposed by the data providers. Continuing with the previous example, the SqlCommand

ExecuteNonQuery command has an equivalent asynchronous method named ExecuteNonQueryAsync. It accepts a

CancellationToken as a parameter allowing the operation to be aborted before the command timeout elapses.

Now let’s take a look at how the programming model significantly reduces the lines of code you have to write for

the same operation.

CHAPTER 1 ■ ASP.NET 4.5 DATA SOURCES

Notice the ContinueWith method. It allows you to delegate anonymously a task-based operation. You can use

the ContinueWith option to execute a chain of commands. In addition, the async programming model also provides

support for transactions:

transaction = await Task.Run<SqlTransaction>(

() => connection.BeginTransaction("Transaction")

);

......

await Task.Run(() => transaction.Commit());

Developing Your First Example

Let’s now put our theories into practice and explore the steps to create data-driven web sites using ASP.NET 4.5.

For the purpose of this exercise, you will use Visual Studio 2012 Ultimate Edition with .NET Framework 4.5. Also,

you will be running the example inside of a Windows 8 System running Internet Explorer 10. You can, however, run

this sample from your machine running Windows 7 or above using Visual Studio 2012 Express Edition. The application

should run fine on IE 8 or above.

The editions of Visual Studio 2012 includes a lightweight web server in IIS Express, so if you don’t have access to

a full-fledged version of IIS, you can use the Express edition to test your deployment.

Caution ■ Some of the features discussed in this exercise are specific to Visual Studio 2012. The exercise may not

work correctly if you are trying to run it with .NET Framework 4.5 in Visual Studio 2010.

Various editions of Visual Studio 2012 and .NET Framework 4.5 can be downloaded from

http://www.microsoft.com/visualstudio/eng#downloads.

In addition, for data access you will use the SQL Server Express LocalDB database that ships with Visual Studio 2012.

However, the example should work fine with SQL Server 2008 R2, SQL Server 2012, and SQL Azure.

Try It Out: First Data-Driven Page in ASP.NET 4.5

In this example, you will create a simple data-driven page in ASP.NET 4.5 using the Entity Model concepts I discussed

thus far. For this example, you will use the SQL Server Express LocalDB Gadgets database, which stores information

about different gadgets and the available quantity. In the end, the result will display the name of the gadget, followed

by its type and quantity.

Let’s first create the database. Follow these steps:

1. If you are using Windows 8 to create this example, then Visual Studio can be launched

from the Start screen. Go to the Start screen and click the Visual Studio tile, as shown

in Figure 1-5. This will take you to Desktop and launch the integrated development

environment (IDE).

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