XPages权威指南：Web开发与XSP实践详解

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《精通XPages：XPages应用开发和XSP语言权威指南》是一本由唐纳利、华莱士和麦古金合著的专业IT教材，它专注于指导读者在IBM Notes/Domino平台上使用XPages进行Web 2.0应用的开发。这本书作为2011年IBM Press的最佳畅销书籍，以其详尽的内容和实用的教学方法深受开发者欢迎。该书共分为7个核心章节，覆盖了XPages开发的各个方面： 1. **基础与原则**：首先介绍了XPages的基本概念、架构和开发原则，使读者对这个框架有深入理解。 2. **定制控件**：讲解如何创建和自定义XPages中的控件，以适应特定的业务需求和用户体验。 3. **高级脚本**：深入探讨XSP（XPages Server Pages）语言，包括服务器端Java Script Library (Scripting) 和Extensible Application Markup Language (XAML) 的使用，这对于编写高效、动态的Web应用至关重要。 4. **可扩展性和性能优化**：探讨如何设计可维护和高性能的XPages应用，包括数据访问、缓存策略等。 5. **脱机使用**：讨论XPages的离线支持，确保在无网络连接时也能提供基本的用户体验。 6. **主题定制与UI设计**：介绍如何利用预定义的主题或自定义样式，打造美观且一致的界面。 7. **国际化与安全性**：确保应用的全球化兼容性，并强调安全措施以保护用户数据和隐私。值得注意的是，尽管作者和出版社对内容的准备非常细致，但本书并不提供任何形式的明示或暗示保证，也不承担因使用书中的信息或程序而导致的任何偶然或间接损失的责任。版权信息表明，所有权利归国际商业机器公司所有，非美国政府用户需遵循相关的限制规定，使用、复制或披露需遵守IBM与美国政府签订的合同条款。本书的目标读者群广泛，包括XPages开发者、Notes/Domino用户以及希望利用这个平台扩展其Web应用能力的合作伙伴。通过阅读这本书，读者不仅能掌握XPages技术，还能提高其Web应用开发的效率和质量。无论是对于初学者还是经验丰富的开发者来说，都是一本不可或缺的参考书籍。

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with the community, share design decisions, get advice, and modify our development plan

dynamically. We had been, and still are, listening closely to the community through many and

varied sources like blogs, wikis, forums, and of course, direct communication. We are most deﬁ-

nitely dedicated to putting our customers in a winning situation. Everything we do is toward this

goal: We truly understand that our success is our customers’ success.

In this area, the XPages development team showed an impressive commitment. For

example, we organized not one, but two workshops in our development lab 6 months before

releasing the product! And it paid off: We introduced happy customers on stage at Lotusphere

2009, a mere 15 days after the ofﬁcial release of the Domino 8.5. Their testimonials were encour-

aging and have not been proved wrong since, as the XPages adoption curve moves ever onward

and upward. Many XPages-based solutions were shown at Lotusphere 2010, and Lotusphere

2011 promises to be another great stage with a lot of already mature solutions waiting to be

announced. The team also wrote numerous articles in the Domino Application Development

wiki, recorded many videos, and has been responsive on the different forums. This is also a major

change where the development team is not isolated in its sterilized lab, but interacting positively

with the broader community. The revitalization of openNTF.org is another example. The number

of its monthly hits shows just how successful it is. Many partners have told me that they always

look for already available reusable components before deciding to develop their own, and open-

NTF is just a fantastic resource in this regard.

So, what’s next? Are we done? Certainly not! We have new challenges coming in, particu-

larly with the next generation of browsers and platforms. We need to evolve XPages to generate

applications that can take advantage of the new client capability. We need XPages to be tightly

integrated with the rest of IBM Collaboration Services portfolio (a.k.a. Lotus portfolio). We need

to support the new devices, such as smartphones and tablet PCs. We want to make sure that

XPages plays a leading role with the next generation of Lotus Software (code name Vulcan). But,

beyond the technology, we also have the challenge of transforming the way we create and deliver

software. We want to make the Notes/Domino technology more open. We want to make the

development process more transparent. We want to get feedback earlier, and we even want the

community to contribute to that effort. We’re all here to make it better, aren’t we? The answer, in

my opinion, is to open source some parts of the platform. OpenNTF is becoming our innovation

lab, delivering technology early, breaking the regular release cycles. It allows us to be responsive

to the community needs and then integrate the components later in the core product. Recently, we

successfully experienced this with the new XPages Extension Library. The feedback we received

was very positive, so we want to continue in this direction. Stay tuned...Notes/Domino is the plat-

form of the future!

Finally, this story wouldn’t have happened without a great XPages and Domino Designer

team. For the quality of the work, the innovation path, the willingness to take on new challenges,

the customer focus...well, for many aspects, this team is seen as exemplary in the broader Lotus

organization. I really feel lucky and proud to be part of it. This book’s three authors are also key

members. Each one of them has worked on different areas of XPages; the gang of writers cannot

xxii Mastering XPages

Preface

XPages made its ofﬁcial public debut in Notes/Domino version 8.5, which went on general

release in January 2009. At the annual Lotusphere conference that same month in Orlando,

Florida, XPages was featured directly or indirectly in a raft of presentations and workshops,

including the keynote session itself, as the technology was introduced to the broad application-

development community. Throughout the conference, it was variously described as a new frame-

work for Web 2.0 development, a strategic move to reinvigorate the application-development

experience, a standards-based runtime that would greatly boost productivity for the Domino web

developer...to quote but a few! Fancy claims indeed, but then again, Lotusphere has always been

the stage that heralded the arrival of the “next big things” in the Notes/Domino community.

Fast forward to the present time: It’s fair to say that all these claims (excluding maybe one

or two made much, much later into those Floridian evenings) were prophetic and XPages, as a

technology, is indeed living up to its promise in the real world. Evidence of this is all around us. A

vibrant XPages development community has evolved and thrives. Respected bloggers wax enthu-

siastic about the latest XPages tips and tricks. XPages contributions abound in OpenNTF.org,

while the Notes/Domino Design Partner forum sees a steady ﬂow of questions, comments, and,

of course, requests for new cool features.

A recurring pattern evident in the ﬂow of requests is the call for better documentation.

XPages is a powerful Java runtime with a host of rich and sophisticated features that runs the

entire app dev gamut. In the Notes/Domino 8.5 release, would-be XPages developers were left to

their own devices to get up to speed with the technology. Typical approaches for the resourceful

newbie developer included foraging for XPages programming patterns in the standard Notes Dis-

cussion template (which shipped with an out-of-the-box XPages web interface), scouring the lim-

ited Help documentation, and sharing random enablement materials that had started to appear on

the web. Although all these, along with a sizable dollop of developer ingenuity, often worked

remarkably well for those with large reserves of determination, the value of a single source of

XPages information cannot be understated. This book’s goal is to ﬁll that gap and provide a single

comprehensive guide that enables readers to conﬁdently take on, or actively participate in, a real-

world XPages application-development project.

Approach

This book’s objective is to impart as much practical XPages knowledge as possible in a way that

is easy for the reader to digest. The authors seek to cover all aspects of the XPages development

spectrum and to engage the reader with hands-on problems wherever possible. Most chapters

come with a sample application that provides plentiful exercises and examples aimed at enabling

you to quickly and efﬁciently solve everyday real-world use cases. These resources are located on

the web at www.ibmpressbooks.com/title/9780132486316, so waste no time in downloading

before getting started!

Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Sailor?

Our Diverse Reading Audience

Although XPages is a new technology that offers a development model familiar to the average

web developer (and the above-average ones, too!), many traditional Notes/Domino development

skills can also be harnessed to good effect. One challenge in writing this book is that no single

developer proﬁle really deﬁnes the reader audience. For example, is the typical reader a web-

application developer coming to the Notes/Domino platform or a Notes/Domino web developer

wanting to learn XPages? In fact, since the release of Notes version 8.5.1, the reader may well be

a Notes client application developer seeking to write new XPages applications for the Notes

client or customize web applications that can now be run ofﬂine in that environment. Finally, a

fourth category of reader may be the novice developer, for whom all this stuff is pretty much new!

Which one are you? Or you may indeed be graced with the ﬁne talents of bilocation and can

appear in two of these camps at once!

Anyway, sufﬁce to say that there inevitably will be aspects to several topics that are pecu-

liar to a particular category of audience. Such content will typically be represented in this book as

sidebars or tips in the context of the larger topic. Other cases might merit a dedicated section or

chapter, such as Part IV, “Programmability,” which contains a chapter that deals with all the

details of XPages in the Notes client, while Part VI, “Performance, Scalability, and Security,” has

an entire chapter dedicated to the topic of application security.

Other Conventions

Any programming code, markup, or XSP keywords are illustrated in numbered listings using a

fixed width font.

User-interface elements (menus, links, buttons, and so on) of the Notes client, Domino

Designer, or any sample applications are referenced using a bold font.

Visual representations of the design-time experience or runtime features are typically

captured as screen shots and written as numbered ﬁgures, using superimposed callouts where

appropriate.

Preface xxv

How This Book Is Organized

This book is divided into seven parts to separately address the many different aspects of XPages

software development in as logical a manner as possible:

Part I, “Getting Started with XPages”: This part gets you familiar with XPages at a conceptual

level to get you up and running quickly with the technology and get you comfortable with the

overall application development paradigm.

• Chapter 1, “An Introduction to XPages”: Here, you are introduced to the history of

XPages and given some high-level insights into its design principles in order for you to

understand exactly what it is and what it is not. This is all about giving you the right con-

text for XPages by deﬁning the problems it solves, the technologies on which it is based,

and where it might go in the future.

• Chapter 2, “Getting Everything You Need”: This chapter concerns itself with the

practical business of obtaining, installing, and conﬁguring your XPages development

environment and successfully walking you through your ﬁrst “Hello World” XPage!

• Chapter 3, “Building Your First XPages Application”: This chapter aims to provide a

breadth-ﬁrst hands-on experience of building a simple web application using the

XPages integrated development environment (a.k.a Domino Designer). This is really

just an introductory practical to get your feet wet and ensure you are comfortable with

the basics of the application development model before diving any deeper.

Part II, “XPages Development: First Principles”: This part is mostly architectural in nature

and aims to give you an appreciation of what’s happening under the XPages hood. This is an

essential prerequisite to some of the more advanced topics, like XPages performance and

scalability.

• Chapter 4, “Anatomy of an XPage”: This chapter examines the XSP markup lan-

guage and gives a simple example of all the standard elements (controls and such) that

can be used in an XPage. It provides a great broad-based view of XPages basics.

• Chapter 5, “XPages and JavaServer Faces”: This chapter looks at JavaServer Faces

(JSF), which is the web-application development framework on which XPages is

based. It looks at some core JSF design points and how XPages leverages and extends

the framework.

• Chapter 6, “Building XPages Business Logic”: This chapter is a primer for XPages

programmability. It introduces the various tools that can be used to implement XPages

business logic so that you will be ready to work with the practical examples that are

coming down the pike.

Part III, “Data Binding”: This part is really about how XPages reads and writes Notes data.

XPages comes with a library of visual controls that are populated at runtime using a process

known as data binding. The mechanics of the data binding process is explored in depth for Notes

views and documents.

xxvi Mastering XPages

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