第
33
卷第
12
期
振动与冲击
JOURNAL
OF
VIBRATION
AND
SHOCK
Vo
l.
33
No.
12
2014
基于振型转换的螺栓连接梁非线性振动研究
卫洪涛孔宪仁
2
王本利
2
张相盟
2
(1.郑州大学力学与工程科学学院,郑州
450001
;2.
哈尔滨工业大学卫星技术研究所"哈尔滨
150086)
摘
要:以一端固支一端带螺栓连接的梁为对象,采用
Iwan
模型对螺栓连接的非线性力学特性一一迟滞非线性
进行建模,基于振型转换的思想,利用相对振型转换法处理了迟滞边界条件引起的非线性振型之间的转换,研究了螺栓连
接非线性对梁受迫振动响应的影响。通过梁端点的幅频响应图,讨论了振型之间的搞合、
Jenki
由单元的个数、激励力幅
值、模态阻尼及螺栓连接刚度对梁端点响应的影响。结果表明,新方法在处理带迟滞非线性边界的连续体振动问题时,具
有良好的收敛性;迟滞非线性对系统响应影响有限,在指定的扫频区间仅表现出单周期运动,以及弱频率漂移现象;带迟
滞非线性边界条件梁的各参数中,频率漂移的程度对螺栓刚度的大小较敏感。
关键词:模态分析;梁;非线性振动;迟滞边界条件;振型转换
中固分类号
V414
文献标志码
:A
DOI:
10.
13465/j.
cnki.
jvs.
2014.
12.007
Non-linear
dynamic
response
of
a
beam
with
bolted
joint
based
on
modal
shape
transfer
WEI
Hong-t
α
0
1
, KONG Xian-ren
2
,
WANG
Ben-li
2
, ZHANG
Xiang-meni
(1.
School
of
Mechanics
and
Engineering
Science
,
Zhengzhou
University
,
Zhengzhou
450001
,
China;
2.
Research
Institute
of
Satellite
Technology
,
Harhin
Institute
of
Technology
,
Harhin
150086
,
China)
Abstract:
The forced vibration of a beam with one end clamped
and
the other end bolted was studied. The
nonlinear force-displacement characteristics of a bolted joint modeled using Iwan model were used
to
study the effect of
nonlinearities in the bolted joint on the dynamic response of the beam based on the modal shape transfer principle.
The
modal shape transfer between different modal shapes caused by the hysteretic boundary condition was treated adopting the
relative modal shape transfer method. The effects of the coupling between modes
, the number of Jenkin's elements
in
Iwan
model
, the amplitude of the extemal excitation force , the modal damping and the stiffness of the bolted joint on the
response of the beam's end were discussed with the frequency-amplitude response of the beam's end. It was shown that the
new approach has a good convergence when dealing with the vibration problem of a continuous system with hysteretic
boundary condition
, the effect of the nonlinearity on the dynamic response of the beam system is finite , one-period motion
and weak frequency-shift are revealed
in
a specified frequency-sweeping range ,
and
the level of frequency-shift is sensitive
to
the stiffness of the bolted joint.
Key
words:
modal analysis;
beam;
nonlinear vibration; hysteretic boundary conditions; modal
shape
transfer
连续体的非线性振动在航天器结构中是广泛存在
的现象,如采用销接连接以及套筒连接的析架结
构
[1
-2)
、带有展开机构的天线、太阳帆板,以及火箭发
射时载荷的特定模态
[3)
可以简化为带有非线性边界
条件的连续体振动系统,其边界条件如迟滞效应
[4)
连
接结构中的摩擦力
[5
人间隙
[6)
等是较常见的非线性特
性,研究人员认为,航天器的连接结构非线性对整体结
构振动响应的影响是显著的
[7)
典型的如航天器结构
基金项目微小型航天器系统技术"长江学者创新团队发展计划
(I
R
T0
520)
收稿日期
2011
-10
-08
修改稿收到日期
:2014
-
03
-
03
第一作者卫洪涛男,博士生,
1982
年
8
月生
地面振动实验中的基频漂移现象
[3)
对发射安全具有
潜在的危害,对航天器结构非线性振动的研究一直以
来都得到了航天领域工程师们的重点关注。
前人对于螺栓连接结构的研究包括实验研究[卜叫
及建模研究
[11
-叫,螺栓连接结构的静力实验结果表现
出典型的迟滞非线性特性
[9)
对其力学特性进行建模
的模型包括
Iwan
模型
[11]
,
Masing
模型[叫,
Praiseich
模
型
[14)
等,有研究证明其本质是一样的,可以统一用
Iwan
模型来表示[叫。近年来,螺栓连接对连续体的振
动影响多集中在实验研究上,针对不同的对象,如两段
用螺栓连接的梁
[9]
带螺栓连接的框架等
[B)
研究人员
得到了连接的力学特性以及其对简单结构的动力学响