Redis基础入门：实战指南与开源项目

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《Redis基础篇》是一本由开发者Karl Seguin撰写的开源技术书籍，遵循Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported许可证，这意味着读者可以自由地复制、分发、修改或展示这本书，但必须注明作者及非商业用途。Karl Seguin在IT领域拥有广泛经验，特别是在开源软件项目中有所贡献，他不仅撰写过关于Redis的文章和工具，还在他的免费服务mogade.com中应用了Redis技术，用于处理游戏开发中的排名和统计功能。《小Redis书》的目标是帮助读者理解这个强大的键值存储系统的基础概念。书中深入浅出地介绍了Redis的数据结构（如字符串、哈希、列表、集合和有序集合）、核心操作（如SET、GET、LPUSH、SADD等）、事务、持久化机制以及高级特性，如发布/订阅模式、消息队列和缓存。Karl还分享了他在实际项目中的使用经验和最佳实践，使读者能够快速上手并充分利用Redis提高应用程序性能。 Karl同时也是《小MongoDB书》的作者，他在编写这两本书的过程中，得到了Perry Neal的大力支持，Perry对本书的编辑、反馈和热情投入为本书的质量增色不少。本书的最新版本可以从指定网址获取源代码和更新信息，反映了作者持续维护和改进的态度。通过阅读《Redis基础篇》，无论是初学者还是有经验的开发者都能受益匪浅，掌握Redis如何在现代Web应用、实时数据处理和分布式系统中扮演关键角色。同时，该书的开放性使得它成为了一个宝贵的社区资源，鼓励更多人参与到Redis的学习和分享中来。

Commands, Keys and Values

While Redis is more than just a key-value store, at its core, every one of Redis' five data

structures has at least a key and a value. It's imperative that we understand keys and values

before moving on to other available pieces of information.

Keys are how you identify pieces of data. We'll be dealing with keys a lot, but for now, it's good

enough to know that a key might look like users:leto. One could reasonably expect such

a key to contain information about a user named leto. The colon doesn't have any special

meaning, as far as Redis is concerned, but using a separator is a common approach people

use to organize their keys.

Values represent the actual data associated with the key. They can be anything. Sometimes

you'll store strings, sometimes integers, sometimes you'll store serialized objects (in JSON,

XML or some other format). For the most part, Redis treats values as a byte array and doesn't

care what they are. Note that different drivers handle serialization differently (some leave it

up to you) so in this book we'll only talk about string, integer and JSON.

Let's get our hands a little dirty. Enter the following command:

set users:leto "{name: leto, planet: dune, likes: [spice]}"

This is the basic anatomy of a Redis command. First we have the actual command, in this case

set. Next we have its parameters. The set command takes two parameters: the key we are

setting and the value we are setting it to. Many, but not all, commands take a key (and when

they do, it's often the first parameter). Can you guess how to retrieve this value? Hopefully

you said (but don't worry if you weren't sure!):

get users:leto

Go ahead and play with some other combinations. Keys and values are fundamental concepts,

and the get and set commands are the simplest way to play with them. Create more users,

try different types of keys, try different values.

Querying

As we move forward, two things will become clear. As far as Redis is concerned, keys are

everything and values are nothing. Or, put another way, Redis doesn't allow you to query an

object's values. Given the above, we can't find the user(s) which live on planet dune.

For many, this is will cause some concern. We've lived in a world where data querying is

so flexible and powerful that Redis' approach seems primitive and unpragmatic. Don't let it

unsettle you too much. Remember, Redis isn't a one-size-fits-all solution. There'll be things

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