CEA-861-D标准详解：数字接口协议与高清晰度内容保护

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"CEA-861-D标准文件是消费电子协会(CEA)R4.8 DTV接口子委员会制定的一项标准，用于规范消费者电子产品如数字电视(DTVs)、数字有线、卫星或地面机顶盒(STBs)以及相关外设如DVD播放/录音机等设备在未压缩数字接口中的使用。该标准覆盖了多种高速数字物理接口，如Digital Visual Interface (DVI) 1.0、Open LVDS Display Interface (LDI) 和 High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) 规范。CEA-861-D定义了视频格式和波形、色度和量化、压缩与未压缩音频、线性脉冲编码调制(LPCM)音频的传输、辅助数据的承载以及Video Electronics Standards Association (VESA) Enhanced Extended Display Identification Data Standard (E-EDID)的实现，后者用于声明显示设备的能力和特性。此外，为与47 C.F.R. § 76.602和47 C.F.R. §76.640规定的数字有线STB兼容，强烈建议采用High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection (HDCP)内容保护方法。" 这篇文档的部分内容强调了CEA标准、公告和其他技术出版物的目的是消除制造商和购买者之间的误解，促进互换性和产品改进，帮助购买者快速选择并获得适合其特定需求的产品。同时指出，这些标准的存在并不禁止任何CEA成员或非成员制造或销售不遵循这些标准的产品，也不阻止自愿使用这些标准。 CEA-861-D标准的更新，从C版本升级到D版本，意味着它包含了对之前版本的改进和扩展，可能涵盖了更多的接口类型、新的视频和音频格式支持，以及更严格的兼容性和安全性要求。HDCP的实施是为了保护高价值内容在家庭网络中的安全传输，防止非法复制和盗版。 CEA-861-D是高清数字内容传输和设备间通信的关键标准，它确保了不同设备之间的一致性和互操作性，同时保护了内容提供商的版权。对于设计和制造数字娱乐设备的工程师以及了解家庭娱乐系统工作原理的技术爱好者来说，这个标准具有重要的参考价值。

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CEA-861-D

ETSI

 European Telecommunications Standards Institute, 650, route des Lucioles, 06921 Sophia-Antipolis Cedex,

France; Phone +33 (0)4 92 94 42 00; Fax +33 (0)4 93 65 47 16; URL

http://www.etsi.org/#

FCC

 FCC Regulations, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20401; Internet

http://www.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/cfrassemble.cgi?title=199847

HDMI

 HDMI Licensing, LLC, 1060 E. Arques Avenue, Suite 100, Sunnyvale, CA 94085; URL

http://www.hdmi.org

ITU Standards

 International Telecommunications Union, Place des Nations, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland;

Phone +41 22 730 5111; Fax +41 22 733 7256

URL http:// www.itu.int/publications/default.aspx; Email

itumail@itu.int

Royal Philips Electronics and Sony Corporation, Super Audio CD Description Version 2

 Philips Intellectual Property & Standards; Building WAH, P.O. Box 220, 5600 AE Eindhoven, The

Netherlands; Fax +31-40-2732113; URL

www.licensing.philips.com

SMPTE Standards

 Society of Motion Picture & Television Engineers (SMPTE), 595 West Hartsdale Avenue, White

Plains, NY 10607; Phone 914-761-1100; Fax 914-761-3115

URL

www.smpte.org; Email smpte@smpte.org

VESA Standards

 Contact Video Electronics Standards Association, 860 Hillview Court, Suite 150, Milpitas, CA 95035,

USA, telephone (408) 957-9270,

http://www.vesa.org

WMA Pro

 See

http://www.microsoft.com/windows/windowsmedia/howto/articles/WMAPro_in_CEA861.aspx

2.2 Definitions

For the purposes of CEA-861-D, the following definitions apply.

Active Format Description (AFD)—A data structure that describes what portion of the picture actually

contains useful information (i.e., letterbox and sidebars [bars] are not considered useful information). It is

standardized in DVB, and is partially adopted in CEA-861-D. Note that the use of the term “active” in this

definition is not consistent with the use of this term in other portions of CEA-861-D and most of the other

documents referenced by CEA-861-D.

Auxiliary Video Information (AVI)—Additional information (defined in CEA-861-D) related to the video

being sent from a source device to a DTV Monitor.

A/V—Audio and Video.

Bars—Region of the display screen that is being driven or scanned at either zero luminance or at a

uniform luminance; or regions of a picture that are intended to be driven (e.g., matrix addressed) or

scanned (e.g., cathode ray tube (CRT)) at either zero luminance or at a uniform luminance. In other

words, it is the portion of the picture that does not contain useful information.

Basic Audio—Uncompressed, two channel, digital audio. Exact parameters are determined by the

interface specification used with CEA-861-D (e.g., 2 channel IEC 60958 LPCM, 32, 44.1, and 48 kHz

sampling rates, 16 bits/sample).

Provided by IHS under license with CEA

Licensee=Genesis Microchip Inc/5967513001, User=Sjoberg, Robert

Not for Resale, 10/31/2006 19:41:44 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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CEA-861-D

Byte—8 bits of data.

CE Video Format—Any video format listed in Table 2 except 640x480p.

CEA Extension—The E-EDID Standard [9] defines a VESA-assigned tag (02

) that allows for an

extension to be added with additional timing formats.

Compressed Audio—All audio formats other than LPCM and One Bit Audio.

Digital Television (DTV)—A device that receives, decodes, and presents audio and video material that

has been transmitted in a compressed form. The device can be a single unit or it can be constructed from

a number of individual components (e.g. a digital terrestrial STB and an analog television).

Direct Stream Digital (DSD)—see One Bit Audio.

Direct Stream Transport (DST)—lossless compressed DSD.

DTV Monitor—Defined in CEA-861-D to be an EDTV, HDTV, or SDTV Monitor. A DTV Monitor can also

be any combination of these terms. A DTV with an uncompressed video input is also considered a DTV

Monitor.

Dual Aspect Ratio DTV Monitor—A DTV Monitor that simultaneously supports both picture aspect ratios

of a video format timing (e.g., 720x480p). Simultaneous support is signified by listing both formats in the

EDID data structure at the same time.

Dual Aspect Ratio Timing—A video format timing (e.g., 720x480p) that is available in both picture

aspect ratios (16:9 and 4:3) with no difference in the timing for the two formats.

EDTV Monitor—A video monitor capable of displaying 720x480p in 16:9 or 4:3 aspect ratios.

Full Quantization Range—RGB quantization range having an R, G and B black level at 0 and white level

at 255.

HDTV Monitor—A video monitor capable of displaying 1920x1080i or 1280x720p video in its format on a

16:9 screen. An HDTV Monitor also has EDTV Monitor capabilities.

InfoFrame—A data transfer structure for sending miscellaneous information from a source

device to a DTV monitor over a CEA-861-D interface. Various InfoFrames are described in Section 6.

IT Video Format—Any video format that is not a CE video format. Specifically, any format not listed in

Table 2 plus 640x480p.

Limited Quantization Range—RGB quantization range having an R, G and B black level at 16 and white

level at 235.

Multi-channel Audio—Digital audio with more than two channels, for example, LPCM or AC-3.

Native Display Device Aspect Ratio—Ratio of maximum width to height dimension of the addressable

portion of a physical display device screen, which is indicated in the EDID 1.3 block's "Max Horizontal

Image Size" and "Max Vertical Image Size" fields.

Native Format—a video format with native pixel layout and scanning method that the display device

accepts and displays without any internal scaling, de-interlacing, interlacing or frame rate conversion.

Native Pixel Layout—the exact number of horizontal pixels and vertical lines (or pixel mapping) that

matches the physical structure of the display device.

Provided by IHS under license with CEA

Licensee=Genesis Microchip Inc/5967513001, User=Sjoberg, Robert

Not for Resale, 10/31/2006 19:41:44 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

--`,,`,,``,`,,`,```,,``,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

CEA-861-D

One Bit Audio—1-bit Sigma-Delta (Delta-Sigma) modulated signal stream such as that used by Super

Audio CD by the name of DSD (Direct Stream Digital).

Picture—That portion of an uncompressed video signal, a compressed video stream, or a sequence on a

display that constitutes a single displayable image (i.e., the addressable picture elements). For the

purposes of CEA-861-D, picture refers to the data transferred during a single video frame in the

uncompressed video signal.

Picture Aspect Ratio—Ratio of width to height dimension of the picture as delivered across the

uncompressed digital interface, including any top, bottom, or side bars. Only two Picture Aspect Ratios

are specified for this interface, 16:9 and 4:3.

Preferred Picture Aspect Ratio—In a Dual Aspect Ratio DTV Monitor, the preferred aspect ratio of a

given Video Format Timing (e.g., 720x480p) is the aspect ratio of the first such timing listed in the EDID

data structure (see Section 4.1). This would be the picture aspect ratio that would be displayed if a DTV

Monitor were to receive a Video Format Timing with no accompanying picture aspect ratio information

(i.e., no AVI sent from source).

Preferred Video Format—the video format that a display manufacturer determines provides optimum

image.

NOTE—Source implementers are encouraged to review Section 7.2.3 for related guidance.

RGB—A general representation of an analog or digital component video signal, where R represents the

red color, G represents green, and B represents blue; and each component is sampled at a uniform rate

(4,4,4). For the purpose of CEA-861-D, the signal is digital.

Sink—a device which receives an uncompressed A/V signal.

Source—a device which generates an uncompressed A/V signal.

Source Pass-through Mode—A mode supported by some media-based sources, wherein

decompressed video passes directly (in its original format) to a sink device without deinterlacing, scaling,

or frame rate conversion.

Standard Definition Television (SDTV) Monitor—A video monitor capable of displaying 720x480i video

in at least one of two aspect ratios, 16:9 or 4:3.

Uncompressed Audio—Linear Pulse Code Modulated (LPCM) and One Bit Audio.

Video Field—The period between two vertical syncs (VSYNCs) or the timing pattern associated with that

period.

Video Format—A video format is sufficiently defined such that when it is received at the DTV Monitor, the

DTV Monitor has enough information to properly display the video to the user. The definition of each

format includes a Video Format Timing, the Picture Aspect Ratio, Colorimetry Space, and Quantization

levels.

Video Format Timing—The waveform associated with a video format. Note that a specific Video Format

Timing may be associated with more than one Video Format (e.g., 720x480p@4:3 and 720x480p@16:9).

Video Frame—The period (beginning where the active edges of horizontal and vertical sync align) for

vertical total lines of timing. Interlaced timings have two video fields per video frame, while progressive

timings have only one. Therefore, in the case of progressive timings, the terms video field and video

frame are synonymous.

Provided by IHS under license with CEA

Licensee=Genesis Microchip Inc/5967513001, User=Sjoberg, Robert

Not for Resale, 10/31/2006 19:41:44 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

--`,,`,,``,`,,`,```,,``,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

CEA-861-D

—A general representation of a digital component video signal, where Y represents luminance, C

represents the color blue, and C

represents red; The color component may be sub-sampled at half the

rate as luminance (4:2:2) or may be sampled at a uniform rate (4:4:4). For the purposes of CEA-861-D, it

may be considered a digital representation of YP

2.3 Symbols and Abbreviations

AAC Advanced Audio Coding

AFD Active Format Description

ANSI American National Standards Institute

ATRAC Adaptive Transform Acoustic Coding

A/V Audio/Video

AR Aspect Ratio

AV/C Audio/Video Control

AVI Auxiliary Video Information

BD Blu-Ray Disc

CD Compact Disk

CEA Consumer Electronics Association

CRT Cathode Ray Tube

DAC Digital to Analog Converter

DBS Direct Broadcast Satellite

DDWG Digital Display Working Group

DMT Display Monitor Timing specification [10])

DSC Digital Still Camera

DSD Direct Stream Digital

DST Direct Stream Transport

DTD Detailed Timing Descriptor

DTS Digital Theater System

DTV Digital Television

DVC Digital Video Camera

DVD Digital Versatile Disk

D-VHS Digital VHS

DVI Digital Visual Interface [3]

E-DDC Enhanced Display Data Channel

E-EDID Enhanced Extended Display Identification Data Standard

EDTV Enhanced Definition Television

EUI Extended Unique Identifier

HDCP High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection [2]

HDD Hard Disk Drive

HDMI High-Definition Multimedia Interface

HDTV High Definition Television

HPD Hot Plug Detect

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IRE Percent of white with respect to black

ISO International Organization for Standardization

ITU International Telecommunications Union

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

LDI LVDS Display Interface

LPCM Linear Pulse Code Modulation

lsb least significant bit

MAT MLP Audio Transport

MLP Meridian Lossless Packing

LVDS Low Voltage Differential Signaling

MPEG Moving Picture Experts Group

msb most significant bit

Provided by IHS under license with CEA

Licensee=Genesis Microchip Inc/5967513001, User=Sjoberg, Robert

Not for Resale, 10/31/2006 19:41:44 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

--`,,`,,``,`,,`,```,,``,,`,,`-`-`,,`,,`,`,,`---

CEA-861-D

OpenLDI Open LVDS Display Interface [7]

OUI Organizationally Unique Identifier

SACD Super Audio CD

SADB Speaker Allocation Data Block

SDTV Standard Definition Television

SMPTE Society of Motion Picture & Television Engineers

STB Set-Top Box

SVD Short Video Descriptor

VCR Video Cassette Recorder

VESA Video Electronics Standards Association

VSDB Vendor Specific Data Block

WMA Pro Windows Media Audio Professional

2.4 Compliance Notation

As used in this document, “shall” denotes mandatory provisions of the standard. “Should” denotes a

provision that is recommended but not mandatory. “May” denotes a feature whose presence does not

preclude compliance and implementation of which is optional. “Optional” denotes items that may or may

not be present in a compliant device.

3 Overview

CEA-861-D describes requirements for video sources and DTV Monitors that include an uncompressed,

baseband, digital video interface. These requirements apply to any baseband digital video interface that

makes use of VESA E-EDID (structures for discovery of supported video formats) [9] and supports 24-bit

RGB. The 60 Hz/59.94 Hz video timings are based on analog formats already standardized in CEA-

770.2-C [19] and CEA-770.3-C [20]. A preferred physical/link interface is not specified in CEA-861-D. See

the annexes on how to apply CEA-861-D to the individual interfaces available at the time of this writing.

Digital Visual Interface (DVI 1.0) [3] and OpenLDI 0.95 [7] can be used to enable minimal digital interface

functionality. To take advantage of these enhancements, the physical interface also needs a way to

transport CEA InfoFrames, digital audio, and YC

pixels from the source device to the DTV Monitor.

The High-Definition Multimedia Interface (HDMI) [29] is now available to take advantage of these

enhancements.

Enhanced Extended Display Identification Data (E-EDID) was created by VESA to enable plug and play

capabilities of monitors. This data, which would be stored in the DTV Monitor, describes video formats

that the DTV Monitor is capable of receiving and rendering. The information is supplied to the source

device, over the interface, upon the request of the source device. The source device then chooses its

output format, taking into account the format of the original video stream and the formats supported by

the DTV Monitor. The source device (e.g., STB) is responsible for the format conversions necessary to

supply video in an understandable form to the DTV Monitor.

CEA-861-D includes the sink device’s ability to describe other capabilities in the E-EDID, in addition to

supported video formats (e.g., digital audio). In those cases, the same basic mechanism applies (i.e., the

source device reads EDID data in the DTV Monitor to determine its capabilities and then the source

device only sends what the DTV Monitor can understand).

The physical/link standards in Annex B, Annex C and Annex D do not support transport of closed

captioning (CEA-608-C and CEA-708-C); therefore, the source device processes these elements.

Specifically, if closed captioning is to be displayed, it is decoded by the source device, inserted into the

video and displayed as open captions. Similarly, if system Information, program information, events,

service descriptors, etc. are displayed, related graphical information is inserted into the video by the

source device. Control of closed captioning settings, programs, events, etc. is a feature of the source

device, not supported by this interface and beyond the scope of CEA-861-D.

Furthermore, content advisory user menus, settings and blocking are accommodated in the source

device, and are beyond the scope of CEA-861-D.

Provided by IHS under license with CEA

Licensee=Genesis Microchip Inc/5967513001, User=Sjoberg, Robert

Not for Resale, 10/31/2006 19:41:44 MST

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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CEA-861-D标准详解：数字接口协议与高清晰度内容保护

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