NS3.26模型库：官方文档涵盖Antenna、AODV与应用模块

需积分: 50 201 浏览量更新于2024-07-20 收藏 10.98MB PDF 举报

NS3.26模块库model library.pdf 是一个详细的官方文档，提供了关于 NS3（Network Simulator 3）3.26版本的模型库介绍、设计、用户指南以及测试文档。NS3是一款广泛使用的开源网络模拟器，用于研究和开发各种网络协议和系统。 1. **组织架构**：文档首先概述了NS3项目的组织结构，可能包括模块分类和功能划分，帮助用户理解和导航庞大的模型库。 2. **动画支持（Animation）**：这部分介绍了名为NetAnim的模块，用于可视化网络运行情况，便于理解和分析网络行为。 3. **天线模块（AntennaModule）**：包含了设计文档、用户手册和测试文档，详述了不同类型的天线模型及其在模拟中的应用，如信号传播和干扰模拟。 4. **AODV（AdHoc On-Demand Distance Vector）**：AODV是一种自组织的路由协议，文档详细描述了该协议模型的功能、工作原理和如何在NS3中实现和使用。 5. **应用程序模块**：涵盖了多种应用场景下的网络设备模型，如桥接网络设备、BRITE集成等，提供丰富的网络应用模拟环境。 6. **BRITEIntegration**：BRITE是另一个重要的模块，它可能涉及到与NS3集成的模型，描述了其设计、用法以及模型验证的方法。 7. **建筑物模块（BuildingsModule）**：这部分涉及室内无线网络模型，包含设计文档、用户指南和测试文档，强调如何处理建筑物对无线信号的影响。 8. **Click Modular Router Integration**：Click是一个路由器框架，与NS3结合后，文档解释了点击模块如何增强路由器功能，并指导用户如何使用和验证这些功能。 9. **CSMA/CD模型（CSMANetDevice）**：文档深入解析了CSMA/CD协议模型，包括概述、频道模型、设备模型的使用方法和相关调试工具。 10. **数据收集模块（DataCollection）**：这部分可能关注网络数据的采集和处理，包括设计原理、辅助工具、探测器、收集器、聚合器和适配器，以及其适用范围和局限性。 11. **DSVRouting（DSDVRouting）**：描述了分布式源路由（DSR）或动态源路由（DSVR）的集成，可能包括协议的概述、在NS3中的实现以及使用示例。通过阅读这份文档，用户可以全面了解NS3.26版本中各类模型的功能、使用方法和测试过程，有助于网络模拟和协议研究。这份文档对于开发者、研究人员和教育者来说，是不可或缺的参考资料。

ns-3 Model Library, Release ns-3.26

format along with the corresponding tx and rx timestamps. The XML format will be discussed in a later section. It is

important to note that AnimationInterface records a packet only if the rx trace hooks are called. Every tx event must

be matched by an rx event.

2.1.2 Downloading NetAnim

If NetAnim is not already available in the ns-3 package you downloaded, you can do the following:

Please ensure that you have installed mercurial. The latest version of NetAnim can be downloaded using mercurial

with the following command:

$ hg clone http://code.nsnam.org/netanim

2.1.3 Building NetAnim

Prerequisites

Qt4 (4.8 and over) is required to build NetAnim. This can be obtained using the following ways:

For Debian/Ubuntu Linux distributions:

$ apt-get install qt4-dev-tools

For Red Hat/Fedora based distribution:

$ yum install qt4

$ yum install qt4-devel

For Mac/OSX, see http://qt.nokia.com/downloads/

Build steps

To build NetAnim use the following commands:

$ cd netanim

$ make clean

$ qmake NetAnim.pro (For MAC Users: qmake -spec macx-g++ NetAnim.pro)

$ make

Note: qmake could be “qmake-qt4” in some systems

This should create an executable named “NetAnim” in the same directory:

$ ls -l NetAnim

-rwxr-xr-x 1 john john 390395 2012-05-22 08:32 NetAnim

2.1.4 Usage

Using NetAnim is a two-step process

Step 1:Generate the animation XML trace ﬁle during simulation using “ns3::AnimationInterface” in the ns-3 code

base.

Step 2:Load the XML trace ﬁle generated in Step 1 with the ofﬂine Qt4-based animator named NetAnim.

10 Chapter 2. Animation

ns-3 Model Library, Release ns-3.26

Step 1: Generate XML animation trace ﬁle

The class “AnimationInterface” under “src/netanim” uses underlying ns-3 trace sources to construct a timestamped

ASCII ﬁle in XML format.

Examples are found under src/netanim/examples Example:

$ ./waf -d debug configure --enable-examples

$ ./waf --run "dumbbell-animation"

The above will create an XML ﬁle dumbbell-animation.xml

Mandatory

1. Ensure that your program’s wscript includes the “netanim” module. An example of such a wscript is at

src/netanim/examples/wscript.

2. Include the header [#include “ns3/netanim-module.h”] in your test program

3. Add the statement

AnimationInterface anim ("animation.xml"); // where "animation.xml" is any arbitrary filename

[for versions before ns-3.13 you also have to use the line “anim.SetXMLOutput() to set the XML mode and also use

anim.StartAnimation();]

Optional

The following are optional but useful steps:

// Step 1

anim.SetMobilityPollInterval (Seconds (1));

AnimationInterface records the position of all nodes every 250 ms by default. The statement above sets the periodic

interval at which AnimationInterface records the position of all nodes. If the nodes are expected to move very little, it

is useful to set a high mobility poll interval to avoid large XML ﬁles.

// Step 2

anim.SetConstantPosition (Ptr< Node > n, double x, double y);

AnimationInterface requires that the position of all nodes be set. In ns-3 this is done by setting an associated Mobili-

tyModel. “SetConstantPosition” is a quick way to set the x-y coordinates of a node which is stationary.

// Step 3

anim.SetStartTime (Seconds(150)); and anim.SetStopTime (Seconds(150));

AnimationInterface can generate large XML ﬁles. The above statements restricts the window between which Ani-

mationInterface does tracing. Restricting the window serves to focus only on relevant portions of the simulation and

creating manageably small XML ﬁles

// Step 4

AnimationInterface anim ("animation.xml", 50000);

Using the above constructor ensures that each animation XML trace ﬁle has only 50000 packets. For example, if

AnimationInterface captures 150000 packets, using the above constructor splits the capture into 3 ﬁles

• animation.xml - containing the packet range 1-50000

• animation.xml-1 - containing the packet range 50001-100000

2.1. NetAnim 11

ns-3 Model Library, Release ns-3.26

• animation.xml-2 - containing the packet range 100001-150000

// Step 5

anim.EnablePacketMetadata (true);

With the above statement, AnimationInterface records the meta-data of each packet in the xml trace ﬁle. Metadata

can be used by NetAnim to provide better statistics and ﬁlter, along with providing some brief information about the

packet such as TCP sequence number or source & destination IP address during packet animation.

CAUTION: Enabling this feature will result in larger XML trace ﬁles. Please do NOT enable this feature when using

Wimax links.

// Step 6

anim.UpdateNodeDescription (5, "Access-point");

With the above statement, AnimationInterface assigns the text “Access-point” to node 5.

// Step 7

anim.UpdateNodeSize (6, 1.5, 1.5);

With the above statement, AnimationInterface sets the node size to scale by 1.5. NetAnim automatically scales the

graphics view to ﬁt the oboundaries of the topology. This means that NetAnim, can abnormally scale a node’s size too

high or too low. Using AnimationInterface::UpdateNodeSize allows you to overwrite the default scaling in NetAnim

and use your own custom scale.

// Step 8

anim.UpdateNodeCounter (89, 7, 3.4);

With the above statement, AnimationInterface sets the counter with Id == 89, associated with Node 7 with the value

3.4. The counter with Id 89 is obtained using AnimationInterface::AddNodeCounter. An example usage for this is in

src/netanim/examples/resource-counters.cc.

Step 2: Loading the XML in NetAnim

1. Assuming NetAnim was built, use the command ”./NetAnim” to launch NetAnim. Please review the section

“Building NetAnim” if NetAnim is not available.

2. When NetAnim is opened, click on the File open button at the top-left corner, select the XML ﬁle generated

during Step 1.

3. Hit the green play button to begin animation.

Here is a video illustrating this http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tz_hUuNwFDs

2.1.5 Wiki

For detailed instructions on installing “NetAnim”, F.A.Qs and loading the XML trace ﬁle (mentioned earlier) using

NetAnim please refer: http://www.nsnam.org/wiki/NetAnim

12 Chapter 2. Animation

ns-3 Model Library, Release ns-3.26

3.1.3 Provided models

In this section we describe the antenna radiation pattern models that are included within the antenna module.

IsotropicAntennaModel

This antenna radiation pattern model provides a unitary gain (0 dB) for all direction.

CosineAntennaModel

This is the cosine model described in [Chunjian]: the antenna gain is determined as:

g(φ, θ) = cos



φ − φ



where φ

is the azimuthal orientation of the antenna (i.e., its direction of maximum gain) and the exponential

n = −

20 log



cos

3dB



determines the desired 3dB beamwidth φ

3dB

. Note that this radiation pattern is independent of the inclination angle θ.

A major difference between the model of [Chunjian] and the one implemented in the class CosineAntennaModel is that

only the element factor (i.e., what described by the above formulas) is considered. In fact, [Chunjian] also considered

an additional antenna array factor. The reason why the latter is excluded is that we expect that the average user would

desire to specify a given beamwidth exactly, without adding an array factor at a latter stage which would in practice

alter the effective beamwidth of the resulting radiation pattern.

ParabolicAntennaModel

This model is based on the parabolic approximation of the main lobe radiation pattern. It is often used in the context

of cellular system to model the radiation pattern of a cell sector, see for instance [R4-092042a] and [Calcev]. The

antenna gain in dB is determined as:

(φ, θ) = −min



φ − φ

3dB



, A

max

where φ

is the azimuthal orientation of the antenna (i.e., its direction of maximum gain), φ

3dB

is its 3 dB beamwidth,

and A

max

is the maximum attenuation in dB of the antenna. Note that this radiation pattern is independent of the

inclination angle θ.

3.2 User Documentation

The antenna moduled can be used with all the wireless technologies and physical layer models that support it. Cur-

rently, this includes the physical layer models based on the SpectrumPhy. Please refer to the documentation of each of

these models for details.

3.3 Testing Documentation

In this section we describe the test suites included with the antenna module that verify its correct functionality.

14 Chapter 3. Antenna Module

剩余502页未读，继续阅读

龙吟在天

粉丝: 568
资源: 74

NS3.26模型库：官方文档涵盖Antenna、AODV与应用模块

ns-3-model-lte.pdf

ns3官方教程

NS3-model-library

ns-3-model-library.pdf

ns-3-model-library.pdf.zip_jumpi97_ns-3_tutorial

NS3.26手册manual.pdf

NS3.26教程tutorial.pdf

NS4158用户手册V1.1.pdf

ns-3环境搭建手册.pdf

ns安装方法[汇编].pdf

最新资源