没有合适的资源?快使用搜索试试~ 我知道了~
首页IEEE 802.15.4 协议标准:低速率无线网络通信
IEEE 802.15.4 协议标准:低速率无线网络通信
需积分: 5 21 下载量 97 浏览量
更新于2024-07-02
1
收藏 7.87MB PDF 举报
IEEE 802.15.4 协议
IEEE 802.15.4 协议是 IEEE 组织制定的低速率无线网络标准。该标准的主要目标是实现低成本、低功耗的通信。协议的初始版本 IEEE Std 802.15.4-2003 定义了两种可选的物理层(PHY),分别工作在不同的频率带宽上,并具有简单且有效的介质访问控制(MAC)。
IEEE 802.15.4 协议的主要特点是低功耗、低成本和低速率通信。该协议主要应用于物联网(IoT)、智能家居、工业自动化、医疗保健等领域。IEEE 802.15.4 协议的物理层(PHY)采用直接序列扩频(DSSS)或频率跳跃扩频(FHSS)技术,能够在不同的频率带宽上工作。
协议的介质访问控制(MAC)层使用的是 Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Avoidance(CSMA/CA)机制,该机制可以减少数据传输中的碰撞,提高网络的可靠性和效率。IEEE 802.15.4 协议还支持星形拓扑结构和 mesh 拓扑结构,能够满足不同应用场景的需求。
IEEE 802.15.4 协议的最新版本是 IEEE Std 802.15.4-2020,该版本对原来的标准进行了更新和改进,增加了新的功能和特性,提高了协议的性能和可靠性。
IEEE 802.15.4 协议的应用场景非常广泛,包括:
1. 物联网(IoT):IEEE 802.15.4 协议可以用于 IoT 设备之间的通信,实现智能家居、智能城市等应用场景。
2. 工业自动化:IEEE 802.15.4 协议可以用于工业自动化领域,实现设备之间的通信和控制。
3. 医疗保健:IEEE 802.15.4 协议可以用于医疗保健领域,实现医疗设备之间的通信和监控。
4. 智能家居:IEEE 802.15.4 协议可以用于智能家居系统,实现家居自动化和智能化。
IEEE 802.15.4 协议是一种低功耗、低成本的无线通信标准,广泛应用于物联网、工业自动化、医疗保健等领域。其最新版本 IEEE Std 802.15.4-2020 对原来的标准进行了更新和改进,提高了协议的性能和可靠性。
15
Copyright © 2020 IEEE. All rights reserved.
The current revision of the standard was revised to include six approved amendments subsequent to the 2015
revision. This effort added two more PHY amendments and one MAC amendment, with corrigenda and
clarifications. The features added by the amendments include the following:
— A variety of new PHY modulation, coding, and band options to support a wide variety of application
needs including smart utility networks (SUNs), china medical band (CMB), ternary amplitude shift
keying (TASK) and rate switch Gaussian frequency shift keying (RS-GFSK)
Much of the corrigenda and clarifications were collected from requests from individuals after the revision in
2015. Major corrigenda items included changes to the transmission order of the address field.
Authorized licensed use limited to: LINGPENG LIN. Downloaded on July 02,2021 at 01:53:23 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
16
Copyright © 2020 IEEE. All rights reserved.
Contents
1. Overview............................................................................................................................................ 33
1.1 Scope.......................................................................................................................................... 33
1.2 Purpose....................................................................................................................................... 33
2. Normative references......................................................................................................................... 34
3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations.......................................................................................... 35
3.1 Definitions ................................................................................................................................. 35
3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations ..................................................................................................... 36
4. Format conventions............................................................................................................................ 40
4.1 General....................................................................................................................................... 40
4.2 Fields.......................................................................................................................................... 40
4.3 Numbers..................................................................................................................................... 41
4.4 Strings ........................................................................................................................................ 41
4.5 Transmission order .................................................................................................................... 41
4.5.1 General......................................................................................................................... 41
4.5.2 Vendor OUI transmission order................................................................................... 42
4.6 Reserved fields and values......................................................................................................... 42
5. General description ............................................................................................................................ 43
5.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................ 43
5.2 Special application spaces ......................................................................................................... 43
5.2.1 General......................................................................................................................... 43
5.2.2 Smart utility network (SUN)........................................................................................ 43
5.2.3 Rail communications and control (RCC)..................................................................... 43
5.2.4 Television white space (TVWS).................................................................................. 44
5.2.5 Radio frequency identification (RFID)........................................................................ 44
5.2.6 Low-energy, critical infrastructure monitoring (LECIM) ........................................... 44
5.2.7 Medical body area network (MBAN) services ............................................................ 44
5.2.8 China medical band (CMB)......................................................................................... 44
5.3 Components of the IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN................................................................................ 45
5.4 Multi-PHY management (MPM) of the SUN WPAN............................................................... 45
5.5 Network topologies.................................................................................................................... 45
5.5.1 General......................................................................................................................... 45
5.5.2 Star network formation ................................................................................................ 46
5.5.3 Peer-to-peer network formation................................................................................... 46
5.6 Architecture ............................................................................................................................... 47
5.6.1 General......................................................................................................................... 47
5.6.2 PHY ............................................................................................................................. 48
5.6.3 MAC sublayer.............................................................................................................. 49
5.7 Functional overview .................................................................................................................. 49
5.7.1 Superframe structure.................................................................................................... 49
5.7.2 Data transfer model...................................................................................................... 51
5.7.3 Frame structure ............................................................................................................52
5.7.4 Information element (IEs)............................................................................................ 52
5.7.5 Access methods............................................................................................................
52
5.7.6 Power consumption considerations ............................................................................. 53
Authorized licensed use limited to: LINGPENG LIN. Downloaded on July 02,2021 at 01:53:23 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
17
Copyright © 2020 IEEE. All rights reserved.
5.7.7 Security ........................................................................................................................ 54
5.7.8 Enabling spectrum resource measurement capability.................................................. 55
5.8 Concept of primitives................................................................................................................. 56
6. MAC functional description .............................................................................................................. 57
6.1 Device types and conventions.................................................................................................... 57
6.2 Channel access........................................................................................................................... 57
6.2.1 Superframe structure.................................................................................................... 57
6.2.2 Incoming and outgoing superframe timing.................................................................. 59
6.2.3 Enhanced Beacon frame timing for MPM procedure.................................................. 60
6.2.4 IFS................................................................................................................................ 61
6.2.5 Random access methods .............................................................................................. 62
6.2.6 TSCH slotframe structure ............................................................................................ 69
6.2.7 LE functional description............................................................................................. 71
6.2.8 Superframe use for TMCTP operation ........................................................................ 71
6.2.9 Rail communications and control network (RCCN) superframe structure.................. 72
6.2.10 Channel hopping .......................................................................................................... 73
6.3 Starting and maintaining PANs ................................................................................................. 75
6.3.1 Scanning through channels .......................................................................................... 75
6.3.2 PAN ID conflict resolution .......................................................................................... 81
6.3.3 Starting and realigning a PAN ..................................................................................... 82
6.3.4 Beacon generation........................................................................................................ 84
6.3.5 Device discovery.......................................................................................................... 86
6.3.6 TSCH PAN formation ................................................................................................. 86
6.4 Association and disassociation .................................................................................................. 88
6.4.1 Association................................................................................................................... 88
6.4.2 Disassociation .............................................................................................................. 91
6.4.3 Fast association ............................................................................................................ 92
6.5 Synchronization ......................................................................................................................... 93
6.5.1 General......................................................................................................................... 93
6.5.2 Synchronization with beacons ..................................................................................... 93
6.5.3 Synchronization without beacons ................................................................................ 95
6.5.4 Synchronization in TSCH PAN................................................................................... 95
6.5.5 Orphaned device realignment ...................................................................................... 98
6.6 Transaction handling.................................................................................................................. 98
6.7 Transmission, reception, and acknowledgment....................................................................... 100
6.7.1 Transmission..............................................................................................................
100
6.7.2 Reception and rejection ............................................................................................. 101
6.7.3 Extracting pending data from a coordinator .............................................................. 103
6.7.4 Use of acknowledgments and retransmissions .......................................................... 104
6.7.5 Transmission timing restrictions................................................................................ 107
6.7.6 Guard time .................................................................................................................108
6.7.7 Promiscuous mode..................................................................................................... 109
6.7.8 Transmission scenarios .............................................................................................. 109
6.7.9 Device announcement................................................................................................ 111
6.8 GTS allocation and management............................................................................................. 111
6.8.1 GTS general requirements ......................................................................................... 111
6.8.2 CAP maintenance ...................................................................................................... 112
6.8.3 GTS allocation ........................................................................................................... 112
6.8.4 GTS usage..................................................................................................................113
6.8.5 GTS deallocation ....................................................................................................... 114
6.8.6 GTS reallocation ........................................................................................................ 115
6.8.7 GTS expiration........................................................................................................... 117
Authorized licensed use limited to: LINGPENG LIN. Downloaded on July 02,2021 at 01:53:23 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
18
Copyright © 2020 IEEE. All rights reserved.
6.9 Ranging.................................................................................................................................... 117
6.9.1 Ranging requirements ................................................................................................ 117
6.9.2 Set-up activities before a ranging exchange .............................................................. 118
6.9.3 Finish-up activities after a ranging exchange ............................................................ 118
6.9.4 Managing DPS........................................................................................................... 118
6.9.5 The ranging exchange................................................................................................ 120
6.10 PHY parameter change notification procedure........................................................................ 120
6.10.1 Signaling using Beacon frames.................................................................................. 120
6.10.2 Signaling using multipurpose frames ........................................................................ 121
6.11 Deterministic and synchronous multichannel extension (DSME)........................................... 122
6.11.1 DSME command requirements.................................................................................. 122
6.11.2 DSME multi-superframe structure............................................................................. 122
6.11.3 Channel diversity ....................................................................................................... 124
6.11.4 CAP reduction............................................................................................................ 126
6.11.5 DSME GTS allocation and management................................................................... 127
6.11.6 Beacon scheduling ..................................................................................................... 133
6.11.7 Time synchronization ................................................................................................ 134
6.11.8 Deferred beacon......................................................................................................... 135
6.11.9 Passive channel scan.................................................................................................. 135
6.12 LE transmission, reception, and acknowledgment .................................................................. 136
6.12.1 LE transmission, reception, and acknowledgment with positive handshakes ........... 136
6.12.2 Coordinated sampled listening (CSL)........................................................................ 136
6.12.3 RIT ............................................................................................................................. 140
6.12.4 Implicit RIT (I-RIT)................................................................................................... 143
6.13 Starting and maintaining TMCTPs .......................................................................................... 143
6.14 MPM procedure for inter-PHY coexistence ............................................................................ 147
6.15 TVWS access procedures ........................................................................................................ 149
6.15.1 General....................................................................................................................... 149
6.15.2 Channel timing management (CTM)......................................................................... 150
6.16 Spectrum Resource Measurement (SRM) ............................................................................... 151
6.16.1 General....................................................................................................................... 151
6.16.2 SRM Performance Metrics ........................................................................................ 151
6.16.3 SRM functionality...................................................................................................... 157
6.17 Using Link Margin IE.............................................................................................................. 160
7. MAC frame formats......................................................................................................................... 161
7.1 Device extended address.......................................................................................................... 161
7.2 General MAC frame format.....................................................................................................161
7.2.1 General....................................................................................................................... 161
7.2.2 Frame Control field.................................................................................................... 162
7.2.3 Sequence Number field.............................................................................................. 165
7.2.4 Destination PAN ID field .......................................................................................... 166
7.2.5 Destination Address field........................................................................................... 166
7.2.6 Source PAN ID field.................................................................................................. 166
7.2.7 Source Address field.................................................................................................. 166
7.2.8 Auxiliary Security Header field................................................................................. 166
7.2.9 IE field ....................................................................................................................... 166
7.2.10 Frame Payload field ................................................................................................... 167
7.2.11 FCS field .................................................................................................................... 167
7.3 Format of individual frame types.............................................................................................169
7.3.1 Beacon frame format ................................................................................................. 169
7.3.2 Data frame format...................................................................................................... 173
7.3.3 Ack frame format....................................................................................................... 174
Authorized licensed use limited to: LINGPENG LIN. Downloaded on July 02,2021 at 01:53:23 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
19
Copyright © 2020 IEEE. All rights reserved.
7.3.4 MAC command frame format.................................................................................... 175
7.3.5 Multipurpose frame format........................................................................................ 176
7.3.6 Extended frame format .............................................................................................. 179
7.4 IEs ............................................................................................................................................ 179
7.4.1 IE list termination ...................................................................................................... 179
7.4.2 Header IEs.................................................................................................................. 180
7.4.3 Payload IEs ................................................................................................................197
7.4.4 Nested IE.................................................................................................................... 198
7.5 MAC commands ...................................................................................................................... 237
7.5.1 Command ID field ..................................................................................................... 237
7.5.2 Association Request command.................................................................................. 239
7.5.3 Association Response command ............................................................................... 240
7.5.4 Disassociation Notification command ....................................................................... 241
7.5.5 Data Request command ............................................................................................. 242
7.5.6 PAN ID Conflict Notification command ................................................................... 243
7.5.7 Orphan Notification command .................................................................................. 243
7.5.8 Beacon Request command......................................................................................... 243
7.5.9 Enhanced Beacon Request command ........................................................................ 243
7.5.10 Coordinator Realignment command.......................................................................... 244
7.5.11 GTS request command............................................................................................... 245
7.5.12 DSME Association Request command...................................................................... 246
7.5.13 DSME Association Response command ................................................................... 247
7.5.14 DSME GTS Request command ................................................................................. 249
7.5.15 DSME GTS Response command............................................................................... 251
7.5.16 DSME GTS Notify command.................................................................................... 253
7.5.17 DSME Information Request command...................................................................... 254
7.5.18 DSME Information Response command ................................................................... 254
7.5.19 DSME Beacon Allocation Notification command .................................................... 255
7.5.20 DSME Beacon Collision Notification command....................................................... 256
7.5.21 DSME Link Report command ................................................................................... 256
7.5.22 RIT Data Request command...................................................................................... 257
7.5.23 DBS Request command ............................................................................................. 258
7.5.24 DBS Response command........................................................................................... 259
7.5.25 RIT Data Response command ................................................................................... 260
7.5.26 SRM Request command ............................................................................................ 260
7.5.27 SRM Response command.......................................................................................... 262
7.5.28 SRM Report command .............................................................................................. 262
7.5.29 SRM Information command ...................................................................................... 263
7.5.30 Vendor Specific command......................................................................................... 264
8. MAC services ................................................................................................................................. 265
8.1 Overview.................................................................................................................................. 265
8.2 MAC management service.......................................................................................................265
8.2.1 Primitives supported by the MLME-SAP interface................................................... 265
8.2.2 Common requirements for MLME primitives........................................................... 267
8.2.3 Association primitives ............................................................................................... 268
8.2.4 Disassociation primitives ........................................................................................... 275
8.2.5 Communications notification primitives ................................................................... 278
8.2.6 Primitives for reading and writing PIB attributes ...................................................... 285
8.2.7 GTS management primitives ..................................................................................... 288
8.2.8 Primitives for orphan notification.............................................................................. 291
8.2.9 Primitives for resetting the MAC sublayer ................................................................ 293
8.2.10 Primitives for specifying the receiver enable time .................................................... 294
Authorized licensed use limited to: LINGPENG LIN. Downloaded on July 02,2021 at 01:53:23 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
剩余798页未读,继续阅读
264 浏览量
2022-09-14 上传
2022-09-23 上传
148 浏览量
2024-01-27 上传
2023-03-23 上传
2022-09-14 上传
2009-04-20 上传
Fascinated_M
- 粉丝: 0
- 资源: 8
上传资源 快速赚钱
- 我的内容管理 展开
- 我的资源 快来上传第一个资源
- 我的收益 登录查看自己的收益
- 我的积分 登录查看自己的积分
- 我的C币 登录后查看C币余额
- 我的收藏
- 我的下载
- 下载帮助
最新资源
- JavaScript实现的高效pomodoro时钟教程
- CMake 3.25.3版本发布:程序员必备构建工具
- 直流无刷电机控制技术项目源码集合
- Ak Kamal电子安全客户端加载器-CRX插件介绍
- 揭露流氓软件:月息背后的秘密
- 京东自动抢购茅台脚本指南:如何设置eid与fp参数
- 动态格式化Matlab轴刻度标签 - ticklabelformat实用教程
- DSTUHack2021后端接口与Go语言实现解析
- CMake 3.25.2版本Linux软件包发布
- Node.js网络数据抓取技术深入解析
- QRSorteios-crx扩展:优化税务文件扫描流程
- 掌握JavaScript中的算法技巧
- Rails+React打造MF员工租房解决方案
- Utsanjan:自学成才的UI/UX设计师与技术博客作者
- CMake 3.25.2版本发布,支持Windows x86_64架构
- AR_RENTAL平台:HTML技术在增强现实领域的应用
安全验证
文档复制为VIP权益,开通VIP直接复制
信息提交成功