虚拟机迁移的容错需求负载均衡策略保障

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"本文提出了一种新的基于虚拟机迁移的容错需求负载均衡方案，旨在保证云计算环境中的服务可靠性。" 在当前的云计算环境中，虚拟化技术扮演着至关重要的角色，它使得大型数据中心能够高效地管理和调度资源。虚拟机（VM）迁移是这一过程中的关键组件，通过迁移VM，可以实现数据中心主机间的负载均衡，优化资源利用。然而，现有的基于VM迁移的负载均衡策略往往忽视了对服务容错能力的影响，这可能导致服务的可靠性无法得到保障。为了解决这个问题，文章提出了一种名为“保证容错需求负载均衡方案”（GFTLBS）的新方法。GFTLBS的核心目标是在进行VM迁移以平衡负载的同时，确保不违反服务的容错要求，从而提高整个系统的故障容忍度。这种方法不仅考虑了资源的分配，还充分考虑了系统的故障恢复能力和业务连续性。 GFTLBS的工作机制可能包括以下几个方面： 1. **故障检测与预防**：系统持续监控各个主机的健康状态和工作负载，一旦检测到潜在的故障或过载情况，立即采取行动。 2. **智能迁移策略**：采用智能算法来决定哪些VM需要迁移以及迁移到何处，以最小化迁移对服务性能的影响，并确保迁移后的系统仍然满足容错要求。 3. **冗余与备份**：通过在不同的主机上部署VM的副本，提高系统的冗余度，当主VM发生故障时，可以快速切换到备份VM，保证服务不间断。 4. **动态调整**：GFTLBS应具备动态适应性，能够根据不断变化的工作负载和系统状况，实时调整VM的分布和迁移策略。 5. **服务质量保证**：在进行负载均衡的同时，考虑服务级别协议（SLA），确保在容错需求得到满足的前提下，服务质量不受到影响。通过实施GFTLBS，数据中心能够在提升整体效率的同时，增强系统的稳定性和可用性。这对于云服务提供商来说至关重要，因为它直接影响到客户满意度和业务信誉。同时，该方案也提供了理论和实践上的参考，有助于推动未来云环境下的容错和负载均衡技术进一步发展。 "基于虚拟机迁移的容错需求负载均衡方案的保证"是一项旨在解决云计算环境中服务可靠性问题的研究，其创新之处在于将容错需求纳入负载均衡的决策过程中，为云服务提供更为可靠和高效的运营保障。

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Advance Access publication on 12 February 2013 doi:10.1093/comjnl/bxt012

Guaranteeing Fault-Tolerant

Requirement Load Balancing Scheme

Based on VM Migration

Lin Yao, Guowei Wu

∗∗

, Jiankang Ren, Yanwei Zhu and Ying Li

School of Software Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116620, China

∗

Corresponding author: wgwdut@dlut.edu.cn

Virtualization is an important enabling technology for many large data centers and cloud computing

environments, and virtual machine (VM) migration plays a key role in the load balancing among the

hosts of the data center. However, the existing load balancing schemes based on VM migration have

serious inﬂuence on the fault-tolerant level of the services in the data center, and thus the reliability of

the services cannot be guaranteed. In this paper, a novel guaranteeing fault-tolerant requirement load

balancing scheme (GFTLBS) is proposed. GFTLBS migrates the VMs to balance the load without

violating the fault-tolerant requirement of all services. The simulation results show that the scheme

can guarantee the fault-tolerant requirements of all services while keeping the load balance.

Keywords: cloud computing; fault tolerance; virtual machine migration; load balance

Received 30 July 2012; revised 25 December 2012

Handling editor: Jongsung Kim

1. INTRODUCTION

Virtualization technology has attracted considerable interest in

the cloud computing in recent years. Data centers aggregate

all kinds of resources (e.g. data, software, hardware) to pro-

vide various services with virtualization technology [1, 2]. The

data center, which contains many physical hosts, can be viewed

as a resource pool by virtualizing all the physical resources as

a whole system. With virtualization technology, many virtual

machines (VMs) are created running on the physical hosts of the

data center, and the VMs provide various secure and reliable ser-

vices [3–6]. Generally, a physical host holds several VMs, and

each VM can provide a special service for the customer [7, 8].

Generally speaking, there are a different number of VMs

running on different physical hosts, which result in load

unbalancing in the data center and may introduce congestion

on individual servers [9]. In order to improve the performance

of the data center by maximizing the throughput and minimizing

the response time of the system, it is necessary to balance loads

among the physical hosts for the cloud environment [10]. There

are many physical hosts in a data center, and thus load balancing

with VM migration among the physical hosts plays an important

role in providing stable and high-performance services

[11–13]. Sometimes several physical hosts may have heavy

loads; in other words, there are more than the average number

of VMs running on the physical hosts with the result that the

services running on it cannot guarantee their requirements. By

migrating VMs from the heavy load hosts to the light ones to

balance the load among the hosts, the service performance of

the data center can be improved [10, 14].

As shown in Fig. 1, in the cloud computing environment, the

data center has many VMs to run the service, and the fault-

tolerant level of the service is guaranteed by distributing the

VMs of the service onto various physical hosts. Fault-tolerant

level can be described as: if service i can work normally when k

hosts break down, the fault-tolerant level of service i is deﬁned

as k

. To provide reliable services, the fault-tolerant level should

be ensured while migrating VMs to balance loads. As illustrated

in Figs 2 and 3, two VMs are migrated from hosts 1 and 2 to

hosts 3 and 4, respectively, to balance loads. However, the fault-

tolerance level of service C is reduced while the load is balanced.

To guarantee the fault-tolerant level of all services provided

by the data center while balancing the load based on VM

migration among the hosts, a novel load balancing scheme,

guaranteeing fault-tolerant requirement load balancing scheme

(GFTLBS) based on VM migration, is proposed in this paper.

With GFTLBS, by moving CPU state, memory content, storage

The Computer Journal, Vol. 57 No. 2, 2014

at Dalian University of Technology on March 25, 2014http://comjnl.oxfordjournals.org/Downloaded from

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