FT232R USB转串口芯片技术文档

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"FT232 USB TO 232 资料包含了Future Technology Devices International Ltd. 的FT232R USB UART接口集成电路的信息，该芯片具有内置时钟发生器输出和FTDI Chip-ID™安全功能。FT232R是FTDI公司推出的一款集成了USB到串行UART接口、可选时钟发生器输出以及FTDI Chip-ID™安全功能的芯片。此外，它还支持异步和同步位Bang模式。为了简化USB到串行的设计，FT232R将外部EEPROM、时钟电路和USB电阻完全集成到芯片内部。与前代产品相比，FT232R增加了两个新功能，使其在某些应用领域成为一款‘3合1’的芯片。其内部产生的时钟（6MHz, 12MHz, 24MHz, 和48MHz）可以输出驱动微控制器或外部逻辑。每个芯片在制造过程中都会烧录一个唯一的FTDI Chip-ID™，可以通过USB读取，从而形成一种安全dongle，用于保护客户的应用程序不被侵犯。" 详细说明: 1. **FT232R芯片**：这是FTDI公司的一个产品，主要功能是提供USB到串行UART接口，用于设备之间的通信。它具有高度集成的特点，简化了设计过程。 2. **时钟发生器输出**：FT232R内部包含一个可配置的时钟发生器，能够产生6MHz、12MHz、24MHz和48MHz四种频率的时钟信号，这些信号可以输出供其他系统部件使用，如微控制器。 3. **FTDI Chip-ID™安全功能**：每个FT232R芯片在生产过程中都烧录了一个唯一的识别码，即FTDI Chip-ID™，这使得它可以作为安全dongle使用，通过USB接口验证和保护用户的应用程序，防止未经授权的访问。 4. **集成元件**：FT232R将通常需要外部提供的元件，如EEPROM（存储配置信息）、时钟电路和USB电阻，全部集成到单个芯片上，减少了外部组件的需求，降低了设计复杂性。 5. **异步和同步位Bang模式**：除了基本的串行UART接口外，FT232R还支持异步和同步位Bang模式，这意味着它可以灵活地处理不同类型的通信协议，增强了其通用性。 6. **应用领域**：由于其独特的功能组合，FT232R适用于多种应用场景，包括嵌入式系统、工业控制、数据通信等，特别是在需要USB接口和串行通信的地方，以及需要额外安全措施的场合。 FT232R是一款功能强大且高度集成的USB到串行UART接口芯片，其创新的特性使得它在各种应用中具有广泛的应用前景。通过深入理解和应用这款芯片，开发者可以构建高效、安全的USB通信解决方案。

FT232R USB UART I.C. Datasheet Version 1.04 © Future Technology Devices International Ltd. 2005

Page 6

Serial Interface Engine (SIE) - The Serial Interface Engine (SIE) block performs the Parallel to Serial and Serial to

Parallel conversion of the USB data. In accordance to the USB 2.0 speciﬁcation, it performs bit stufﬁng / un-stufﬁng

and CRC5 / CRC16 generation / checking on the USB data stream.

USB Protocol Engine - The USB Protocol Engine manages the data stream from the device USB control endpoint. It

handles the low level USB protocol (Chapter 9) requests generated by the USB host controller and the commands for

controlling the functional parameters of the UART.

FIFO TX Buffer (128 bytes) - Data from the USB data out endpoint is stored in the FIFO TX buffer and removed from

the buffer to the UART transmit register under control of the UART FIFO controller.

FIFO RX Buffer (256 bytes) - Data from the UART receive register is stored in the FIFO RX buffer prior to being

removed by the SIE on a USB request for data from the device data in endpoint.

UART FIFO Controller - The UART FIFO controller handles the transfer of data between the FIFO RX and TX buffers

and the UART transmit and receive registers.

UART Controller with Programmable Signal Inversion and High Drive - Together with the UART FIFO Controller

the UART Controller handles the transfer of data between the FIFO RX and FIFO TX buffers and the UART transmit

and receive registers. It performs asynchronous 7 / 8 bit Parallel to Serial and Serial to Parallel conversion of the

data on the RS232 (RS422 and RS485) interface. Control signals supported by UART mode include RTS, CTS,

DSR , DTR, DCD and RI. The UART Controller also provides a transmitter enable control signal pin option (TXDEN)

to assist with interfacing to RS485 transceivers. RTS / CTS, DSR / DTR and X-On / X-Off handshaking options are

also supported. Handshaking, where required, is handled in hardware to ensure fast response times. The UART also

supports the RS232 BREAK setting and detection conditions. A new feature, programmable in the internal EEPROM

allows the UART signals to each be individually inverted. Another new EEPROM programmable feature allows a high

signal drive strength to be enabled on the UART interface and CBUS pins.

Baud Rate Generator - The Baud Rate Generator provides a x16 clock input to the UART Controller from the 48MHz

reference clock and consists of a 14 bit prescaler and 3 register bits which provide ﬁne tuning of the baud rate

(used to divide by a number plus a fraction or “sub-integer”). This determines the Baud Rate of the UART, which is

programmable from 183 baud to 3 million baud.

The FT232R supports all standard baud rates and non-standard baud rates from 300 Baud up to 3 Megabaud.

Achievable non-standard baud rates are calculated as follows -

Baud Rate = 3000000 / (n + x)

where n can be any integer between 2 and 16,384 ( = 2

) and x can be a sub-integer of the value 0, 0.125, 0.25,

0.375, 0.5, 0.625, 0.75, or 0.875. When n = 1, x = 0, i.e. baud rate divisors with values between 1 and 2 are not

possible.

This gives achievable baud rates in the range 183.1 baud to 3,000,000 baud. When a non-standard baud rate is

required simply pass the required baud rate value to the driver as normal, and the FTDI driver will calculate the

required divisor, and set the baud rate. See FTDI application note AN232B-05 for more details.

RESET Generator - The integrated Reset Generator Cell provides a reliable power-on reset to the device internal

circuitry on power up. A RESET# input pin is provided to allow other devices to reset the FT232R. RESET# can be

tied to VCCIO or left unconnected, unless it is a requirement to reset the device from external logic or an external

reset generator I.C.

Internal EEPROM - The internal EEPROM in the FT232R can be used to store USB Vendor ID (VID), Product ID

(PID), device serial number, product description string, and various other USB conﬁguration descriptors. The internal

EEPROM is also used to conﬁgure the CBUS pin functions. The device is supplied with the internal EEPROM settings

preprogrammed as described in Section 10.

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