顶板大直径定向长钻孔参数优化与优势分析
李 宏
1,2
,马金魁
3
(1. 河南理工大学安全科学与工程学院,河南 焦作 454000;2. 山西晋煤集团有限责任公司,山西 晋城
048006;3. 煤矿安全技术国家重点实验室 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司,辽宁 抚顺 113122)
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51774116);河南省高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(NSFRF140103)
作者简介:李宏(1982- ),男,河南新县人,博士研究生。Email:lihong1860@163.com
摘 要:为进一步提高采空区裂隙带瓦斯抽采效果以保障工作面回采期间安全,提出了一种高抽钻场结合顶板大直径(Ф
203mm)长钻孔的采空区抽采技术,并对该技术的施工工艺、钻孔布置合理层位及抽采效果进行了论述。结果表明,钻孔
布置的合理垂直高度 45-50m,钻孔与采面回风侧的水平间距 40m。与顶板高抽巷、普通顶板高位孔等常规采空区瓦斯治理
方法相比,顶板大直径定向长钻孔的抽采量与高抽巷相当,是普通顶板高位孔抽采量的
2.04
倍;工程量大幅度降低,施工
工程费仅为顶板高抽岩巷的
10.97%
,顶板大直径定向长钻孔既能实现高效率抽采,又达到节约工程量少,降低施工成本等
效果。顶板大直径定向长钻孔的成功应用为以孔代巷及传统顶板高位孔工艺的改进提供了实践基础和发展方向。
关键词:高抽钻场;顶板大直径定向长钻孔;瓦斯抽放;裂隙带;瓦斯富集区;以孔代巷
中图分类号:
TD713
文献标识码:
A
Parameter optimization and advantage analysis of large diameter
directional long hole in roof
LI Hong
1,2
,
MA Jinkui
3
(1. School of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China; 2. Shanxi Jinmei Group Co.,
Ltd., Jincheng 048006, China; 3. State Key Laboratory of Coal Mine Safety Technology, China Coal Technology & Engineering
Group Shenyang Research Institute, Fushun 113122, China)
Abstract: In order to further improve the effect of gas drainage in the fracture zone of the goaf to ensure the safety
of the working face during the mining period, a kind of goaf drainage technology is proposed, which is combined
with a large diameter (Ф 203mm) long borehole of the roof, and the high-drilling field, and the construction
technology, reasonable layer arrangement and drainage effect of the technology are discussed. The results show
that the reasonable vertical height of the borehole arrangement is 45-50m, and the horizontal distance between the
borehole and the return air side of the face is 40m. Compared with the conventional gob gas control methods such
as high roof extraction roadway and common roof high-level hole, the extraction amount of large-diameter
directional long hole in the roof is equivalent to that of high-level extraction roadway, which is 2.04 times of that
of common roof high-level hole; the engineering amount is greatly reduced, and the construction cost is only
10.97% of that of high roof high-level extraction roadway. The large-diameter directional long hole in the roof can
not only achieve high-efficiency extraction, but also save money. The project quantity is small and the
construction cost is reduced. The successful application of large diameter directional long hole in roof provides
the practical basis and development direction for the improvement of the technology of replacing roadway with
hole and the traditional high position hole in roof.
Key words: high level drilling field;large diameter directional long drilling of roof;gas drainage;fracture zone;
gas enrichment area;replace roadway with drilling
0 引 言
由于采面回采后破坏了煤岩层的原始应力
状态,会在上覆岩层内产生不同规则的裂隙,
含煤构造环境、顶板岩性、开采煤层厚度及开
掘活动影响程度等因素的不同,形成的裂隙区
域范围有较大的差异
[1-3]
。为了有效解决回采期
间采空区瓦斯异常涌出导致的瓦斯事故,普遍
做法是使用顶板走向(倾向)钻孔、高抽岩巷、
采空区埋管等措施对采空区瓦斯进行定向抽采
[4]
,刘啸
[5]
、王福厚
[6]
、王耀峰
[7]
、张勇
[8]
等对综
采工作面高位钻孔终孔位置进行了数值模拟和
现场实测,对工作面垮落带和裂隙带范围进行
了研究;姚伟
[9]
,李宗翔
[10]
,胡千庭
[11]
等通过数
值方法,模拟了采空区瓦斯积聚的过程,认为
顶板高位孔参数的优化对抽采效果至关重要。
虽有较多学者
[12-15]
认可高位钻孔是解决顶
板裂隙带富集区瓦斯最有效的手段,但研究的
内容多数是围绕普通顶板高位孔、主孔长度小
于 300m 或直径在Ф153mm 以下定向钻孔。如
刘秀保
[16]
针对采空区裂隙带的抽采钻孔孔径
153mm,孔深 300m;年军
[17]
研究的采空区顶板
定向长钻孔长度也仅为 300-400m;王鲜
[18]
研究
的顶板定向长钻孔的长度达到 510m,但孔径也
仍为 153mm。对直径超过 153mm、长度超过
500m 的顶板定向长孔的施工工艺还未见相关文