高效稳定的白色有机发光二极管：基于激子管理和磷光敏化策略
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本文主要探讨了"高效和颜色稳定的白色有机发光二极管（WOLEDs）的设计与实现，重点关注于激子管理和磷光敏化策略在提升器件性能中的作用。"标题中提到的"Efficient and color-stable"表明研究焦点在于提高WOLEDs的亮度和色彩稳定性，这是显示技术中的关键特性，对于显示器、照明设备等应用至关重要。
"Exciton management"是指通过有效调控有机发光材料中的激子（电子和空穴对）行为，包括其生成、迁移和复合过程。这有助于减少能量损失，提高发光效率，确保白光的均匀分布和一致性。研究可能涉及新型有机小分子或聚合物材料的设计，以及结构优化，以改善激子的寿命和空间分布。
"Phosphorescent sensitization"则是利用磷光物质作为辅助发光中心，它们在吸收光后能发生磷光发射，从而延长光的寿命并增加光输出。磷光效应可以进一步增强白光的色纯度和稳定性，防止因热退火导致的色漂移问题。在这个方法中，研究人员可能开发了一种新颖的策略，如在电荷传输层或发光层中嵌入磷光染料，以增强白光的性能。
作者Ling-Chuan Meng、Yan-Bing Hou、Zhi-Dong Lou等人，来自中国北京交通大学和华南理工大学的光谱学和光学信息实验室以及特殊功能材料实验室，他们在这个研究中不仅展示了实验结果，还可能提供了关于材料选择、器件结构设计以及实验条件的详细优化过程。文章的接收日期、修订日期和最终接受日期反映了研究的严谨性和时间线。
关键词"WOLEDs"、"Exciton management"和"Phosphorescent sensitization"直接概括了论文的核心内容，表明了研究领域、方法和技术路径。这篇研究论文提供了有机发光器件领域的一个重要进展，对于推动高性能、稳定性的白色有机光源的发展具有重要意义。
Synthetic
Metals
172 (2013) 63–
68
Contents
lists
available
at
SciVerse
ScienceDirect
Synthetic
Metals
journal
h
om
epage:
www.elsevier.com/locate/synmet
Efficient
and
color-stable
white
organic
light-emitting
diodes
based
on
exciton
management
and
phosphorescent
sensitization
Ling-Chuan
Meng
a
,
Yan-Bing
Hou
a,∗
,
Zhi-Dong
Lou
a
,
Feng
Teng
a
,
Xing
Yao
a
,
Xiao-Jun
Liu
a
,
Ai-Wei
Tang
a
,
Jun-Biao
Peng
b
a
Key
Laboratory
of
Luminescence
and
Optical
Information,
Ministry
of
Education;
Institute
of
Optoelectronic
Technology,
Beijing
Jiaotong
University,
Beijing
100044,
PR
China
b
Key
Laboratory
of
Special
Functional
Materials,
South
China
University
of
Technology,
Guangzhou
510640,
PR
China
a
r
t
i
c
l
e
i
n
f
o
Article
history:
Received
25
October
2012
Received
in
revised
form
1
February
2013
Accepted
30
March
2013
Available online 7 May 2013
Keywords:
WOLEDs
Exciton
management
Phosphorescent
sensitization
a
b
s
t
r
a
c
t
We
report
efficient
and
color-stable
white
organic
light-emitting
diodes
(WOLEDs)
by
an
approach
combining
the
concepts
of
exciton
management
and
phosphorescent
sensitization
to
achieve
100%
internal
quantum
efficiency
and
reduce
efficiency
roll-off.
The
approach
employs
a
layer
of
4-bis-(1-
naphthyl-N-phenylamino)-biphenyl
(NPB)
as
a
fluorescent
blue
emitter
to
collect
all
singlet
excitons
for
blue
emission,
and
fac-tris(2-phenylpyridine)
iridium(III)
(Ir(ppy)
3
)
as
a
phosphorescent
emitter
and
sensitizer
in
other
layer
to
harvest
all
triplet
excitons
for
generating
green
light
and
sensitiz-
ing
a
fluorescent
dye
4-(dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7-tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4Hpyran
(DCJTB)
for
orange–red
emission.
By
carefully
adjusting
the
concentration
of
DCJTB
and
the
thickness
of
the
NPB
layer,
efficiency
roll-off
has
been
reduced
and
efficient
balanced
white
light
has
been
pro-
duced
from
the
device
ITO/PEDOT:PSS
(30
nm)/poly(vinylcarbazole)
(PVK):Ir(ppy)
3
:DCJTB
(100:5:0.4
in
wt.)
(60
nm)/NPB
(4
nm)/2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline
(BCP)
(10
nm)/tris(8-
hydroxyquinoline)aluminum
(Alq
3
)
(20
nm)/LiF
(1
nm)/Al.
The
operating
principles
have
been
studied
and
the
results
show
that
the
long
diffusion
length
of
triplet
excitons
and
long-range
nonradiative
energy
transfer
between
the
triplets
of
the
phosphorescent
emitter
and
the
singlets
of
the
fluorescent
dye
are
crucial
to
realize
white
light
emission.
© 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
1.
Introduction
Organic
light-emitting
diodes
(OLEDs),
first
reported
by
Tang
and
VanSlyke
in
1987
[1],
have
attracted
much
attention
due
to
the
advantages
of
wide
visual
spectral
range,
high
efficiency,
manufac-
turing
feasibility,
and
potential
fabrication
on
flexible
substrates.
A
number
of
organic
semiconductors,
including
small
molecules,
oligomers,
and
polymers
have
been
employed
in
OLEDs
and
dif-
ferent
colors
throughout
the
visible
spectrum
have
been
achieved.
Several
of
metal
containing
polymers
were
developed
for
applica-
tion
in
polymer
light
emitting
device
(PLED)
and
organice
photo
voltaic
(OPV)
[2].
Transition-metal-based
phosphorescent
mate-
rials
have
recently
been
under
great
development.
The
design
of
multi-component
small-molecular
metallophosphors,
metal-
lodendrimers
and
metallopolymers
with
specific
functional
to
achieve
highly
efficient
and
simple
electrophosphorescent
devices
structure
have
been
an
interesting
focus
[3].
The
synthesis
strat-
egy
for
multifunctional
organometallic
phosphors
which
integrate
∗
Corresponding
author.
Tel.:
+86
10
5168
4860;
fax:
+86
10
5168
3933.
E-mail
addresses:
ybhou@bjtu.edu.cn,
ybhoubjtu@gmail.com
(Y.-B.
Hou).
luminescence
and
charge
injection/transport
functions
into
the
same
molecule
attracted
much
attention.
Recent
research
effort
on
accomplishing
a
new
triplet
emitters
with
enhanced
charge
injection/transport
could
provide
a
new
route
for
further
research
development
in
this
field
[4].
In
particular,
white
OLEDs
(WOLEDs)
have
been
under
intensive
investigation
in
recent
years
owing
to
their
potential
applications
in
full
color
displays,
backlighting
of
liquid-crystal
displays,
and
solid-state
lighting
[5].
There
are
a
number
of
ways
to
realize
WOLEDs
which
required
emission
over
full
visible
spectrum.
Multilayer
structure
device
is
one
approach,
where
each
layer
emits
a
specific
color
so
that
the
output
was
per-
ceived
as
white
emission
[6–8].
The
polymer
device,
where
the
emitting
layer
consists
of
blend
of
materials,
was
another
way
[9–12].
And
the
copolymer
where
green
and
red
color
dye
was
integrated
into
a
blue
backbone
gradually
have
attracted
more
and
more
intention
due
to
simplified
fabrication
process
for
device
[13–16].
Although
substantial
improvements
in
materials
and
device
structures
have
enabled
a
tremendous
advance
in
device
perfor-
mance,
luminous
efficiency
remains
a
challenge
to
the
commercial-
ization
of
WOLEDs
[17–19].
Organic
electroluminescent
materials
exhibit
either
fluorescence
from
spin
anti-symmetric
excitons
0379-6779/$
–
see
front
matter ©
2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.synthmet.2013.03.022
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