"IEEE POSIX 1003.1-2004 Edition: Open Group Technical Standard for Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) System Interfaces"

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《IEEE POSIX系统接口-1003.1-2004版》是一个包含IEEE标准1003.1的技术规范，也是Single UNIX规范第3版的核心。该标准由IEEE计算机学会的便携应用标准委员会和The Open Group共同发起制定。2004版包括了IEEE标准1003.1-2001/Cor 1-2002和IEEE标准1003.1-2001/Cor 2-2004，这两个更正文档被合并进了2001年版的IEEE标准1003.1。这两个更正文档对自2001年以来发现的问题进行了修正。 IEEE POSIX系统接口-1003.1-2004版同时也是ISO/IEC 9945的一部分。

Introduction

___________________________________________________________________________________

Reference Example Notes

___________________________________________________________________________________

User Input and Example Code echo Hello, World 5

Utility Name awk

Utility Operand ﬁle_name

Utility Option −c

Utility Option with Option-Argument −w width

___________________________________________________________________________________

Notes:

1. Conversion speciﬁcations, speciﬁer characters, and modiﬁer characters are used primarily

in date-related functions and utilities and the fprintf and fscanf formatting functions.

2. Unless otherwise noted, the quotes shall not be used as input or output. When used in a

list item, the quotes are omitted. For literal characters, ’\’ (or any of the other sequences

such as ’’’) is the same as the C constant ’\\’ (or ’\’’).

3. The style selected for some of the special characters, such as <newline>, matches the form

of the input given to the localedef utility. Generally, the characters selected for this special

treatment are those that are not visually distinct, such as the control characters <tab> or

<newline>.

4. Names surrounded by braces represent symbolic limits or conﬁguration values which

may be declared in appropriate headers by means of the C #deﬁne construct.

5. Brackets shown in this font, "[ ]", are part of the syntax and do not indicate optional

items. In syntax the ’|’ symbol is used to separate alternatives, and ellipses ("...") are

used to show that additional arguments are optional.

Shading is used to identify extensions and options; see Section 1.8.1 (on page 3).

Footnotes and notes within the body of the normative text are for information only

(informative).

Informative sections (such as Rationale, Change History, Application Usage, and so on) are

denoted by continuous shading bars in the margins.

Ranges of values are indicated with parentheses or brackets as follows:

•

(a,b) means the range of all values from a to b, including neither a nor b.

•

[a,b] means the range of all values from a to b, including a and b.

•

[a,b) means the range of all values from a to b, including a, but not b.

•

(a,b] means the range of all values from a to b, including b, but not a.

Notes:

1. Symbolic limits are used in this volume instead of ﬁxed values for portability. The values

of most of these constants are deﬁned in the Base Deﬁnitions volume, <limits.h> or

<unistd.h>.

2. The values of errors are deﬁned in the Base Deﬁnitions volume, <errno.h>.

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