汽车行业流程框架：APQC英文版V7.2.1解读

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"APQC汽车行业流程分类框架英文版是基于著名的Process Classification Framework (PCF)定制的，用于定义全球组织中使用的汽车行业的特定流程。版本7.2.1与最新的跨行业PCF v7.2.1保持一致，并由IBM合作开发，汇集了行业内多种专家的反馈，IBM提供了大量主题专业知识来创建这个特定行业的过程分类框架。" 汽车行业流程分类框架（Automotive PCF）是针对汽车制造和相关服务行业设计的，旨在提供一个标准化的流程模型，帮助企业识别、理解和改进其业务流程。该框架的核心价值在于它能够促进跨行业的基准比较，挖掘不同行业内不常见的最佳实践，从而驱动显著的业务改进。 APQC PCF 是一个高层次、行业中立的企业流程模型，它允许组织从一个跨行业的视角审视自身的业务流程。通过这个框架，企业可以将自身的流程与不同行业的标准进行对比，发现潜在的效率提升机会和创新点。这有助于企业在面对日益激烈的市场竞争时，保持敏捷并优化运营效率。版本7.2.1的更新主要关注与最新跨行业PCF的兼容性，确保汽车行业流程分类框架与时俱进，反映当前行业的最佳实践和技术发展。这种一致性对于确保汽车行业内的公司能够利用最先进、最全面的流程知识来改进内部操作至关重要。框架的构建过程中，IBM作为技术合作伙伴的角色不可忽视，IBM的专业知识和行业洞察力对框架的完善起到了关键作用。同时，来自行业内的各种反馈也确保了框架的实用性和适应性，使其能够满足不同企业的需求。在实际应用中，企业可以利用Automotive PCF来： 1. **标准化流程**：通过定义和分类汽车行业内的核心流程，促进企业内部流程的一致性和标准化。 2. **评估性能**：通过与同行业或跨行业的最佳实践对比，识别自身流程的优势和不足，制定改进计划。 3. **改进决策**：提供数据支持，帮助企业做出基于流程改进的明智决策。 4. **增强协作**：统一的流程语言和分类有助于跨部门和跨公司的沟通和协作。 5. **支持变革管理**：在实施新技术、并购或其他重大变革时，作为流程重新设计和整合的基础。 APQC Automotive PCF是汽车行业流程改进的关键工具，它不仅提供了过程优化的结构化方法，还促进了行业内的知识共享和持续进步。

Version 7.2.1-en-Auto • April 2020 7

2.2.8.1 Establish program timing (12299)

2.2.8.2 Validate program metrics (12300)

2.2.8.3 Monitor program plan (12301)

2.2.8.4 Manage teams (12302)

2.2.8.5 Develop integrated program plans (12303)

2.3 Engineer/design vehicle (CAD model) (12304)

2.3.1 Create and finalize program specifications (12305)

2.3.1.1 Obtain financial approval for the program (12306)

2.3.1.2 Receive clay surface definition for engineering

(12307)

2.3.1.3 Confirm key functional objectives meet

appropriate performance levels (12308)

2.3.1.4 Complete key system design and process

Failure modes and effects-FMEAs (12309)

2.3.1.5 Complete production sourcing : actions meet

glide paths (source packages and Purchase

Orders (Pos) issued) (12310)

2.3.2 Evaluate availability of suppliers to fulfill engineering

requirements (12311)

2.3.2.1 Identify suppliers which can meet engineering

(12312)

2.3.2.2 Notify engineering/design team of possible

change requirements based on component

availability (17750)

2.3.2.3 Engage procurement organization in contract

process (12314)

2.3.2.4 Agree collaboration process for design changes

(18089)

2.3.2.5 Create vendor evaluation, monitor plan (12315)

2.3.3 Generate Computer Aided Design (CAD) model (12316)

2.3.3.1 Generate part/sub-assemblies/assemblies node

no. (12317)

2.3.3.2 Generate part-governance logistics (12318)

2.3.3.3 Provide part-access to suppliers (12319)

2.3.4 Complete product and process design (12320)

2.3.4.1 Develop and release Computer Aided Design

(CAD) models (12321)

2.3.4.2 Complete product structure management (12322)

2.3.4.3 Define quality engineering (12323)

2.3.4.4 Create quality assurance and control (12324)

2.3.4.5 Create change and configuration management

system (12325)

2.3.4.6 Create hazardous substance management

system (12326)

2.3.4.7 Plan for master data management (12327)

2.3.5 Design rules and policies (12328)

2.3.5.1 Establish targets and governance (12329)

2.3.5.2 Define rules and policies for design (12330)

2.3.5.3 Maintain rules and policies (12331)

2.3.6 Manage configuration (12332)

2.3.6.1 Validate parts/build combinations (12333)

2.3.6.2 Develop bill of materials (12334)

2.3.7 Establish service and warranty parameters (18090)

2.3.7.1 Calculate the reliability performance of parts

(18091)

2.3.7.2 Recommend warranty and service schedules,

fitment processes and job times (18092)

2.4 Improve/validate vehicle design (12335)

2.4.1 Build and evaluate assembly in Digital Mock-Up (DMU)

(18093)

2.4.1.1 Develop and release Computer Aided Design

(CAD) surface models (18094)

2.4.1.2 Complete data structure management (18095)

2.4.1.3 Define data quality engineering (18096)

2.4.1.4 Create data quality assurance and control (18097)

2.4.1.5 Create data change and configuration

management system (18098)

2.4.1.6 Create vehicle hazardous substance

management system (18099)

2.4.1.7 Plan for Lightweight Computer Aided Design

(CAD) master data (18100)

2.4.2 Evaluate/Improvise vehicle in virtual space Computer

Aided Engineering-CAE (12336)

2.4.2.1 Identify vehicle class and Federal Motor

vehicle safety standards (FMVSS) and other

regulatory requirements (12337)

2.4.2.2 Define Corporate Federal Motor vehicle safety

standards (FMVSS) requirements and vehicle

star rating (12338)

2.4.2.3 Define Computer Aided Engineering (CAE)

metrics for full vehicle system and sub system

(12339)

2.4.2.4 Analyze Vehicle model in Computer Aided

Engineering (CAE) for design improvements

(12340)

2.4.3 Design for manufacturability/assembly (12341)

2.4.3.1 Evaluate the use of new manufacturing

technologies (12342)

2.4.3.2 Confirm Business Operating Procedures (BOP)

alternatives for all assembly plants being

considered (12343)

2.4.3.3 Identify architectural related manufacturing

Principle Locating Planes (12344)

2.4.3.4 Verify Concept Digital Development’s exterior

and interior surfaces feasibility (12346)

2.4.3.5 Complete digital assembly and discovery issues

(12348)

2.4.3.6 Interface manufacturing equipment/tooling part

models in PDM (12351)

2.4.3.7 Approve/Accept Design Failure Mode and

Effect Analysis (DFMEA)/Process Failure mode

and effect analysis (PFMEA) on key

components/systems (12352)

2.4.3.8 Complete control plan and mistake proofing (12353)

2.4.3.9 Review surface quality verification-black body

(12354)

2.4.3.10 Complete Body In White (BIW) dimensional

compliance (12355)

2.4.3.11 Formulate process design (12359)

2.4.3.12 Analyze the capability of manufacturing

equipment/tooling and stamping (18101)

2.4.4 Design for shipping /transportation (12360)

2.4.4.1 Create plan for shipping (12361)

2.4.4.2 Create rack/container availability details (12362)

2.4.4.3 Simulate transportation by simulating parts in

rack and container (12363)

2.4.5 Design and build tools (12364)

2.4.5.1 Perform tool analysis based part/system

vehicle design (12365)

2.4.5.2 Create initial tool prototypes (12366)

2.4.5.3 Validate parts of a tool (12367)

2.4.5.4 Create production tools (12368)

2.5 Build prototype/mule (12369)

2.5.1 Build prototype-stage I (12370)

2.5.1.1 Confirm stage I build readiness (12371)

2.5.1.2 Plan for system and component design

verification test (12372)

2.5.1.3 Complete initial marketing launch plan (12373)

2.5.1.4 Revise product and program timing targets

(glide path) (12374)

2.5.1.5 Plan for prototyping and ramp-up (12375)

2.5.2 Build prototype-stage II (12376)

2.5.2.1 Confirm stage II pilot build readiness (12377)

2.5.2.2 Complete systems and components off

production tooling and assembly processes

(12378)

2.5.2.3 Validate build tolerance (create lock option

introduction mix) (12379)

2.5.2.4 Create system and component process

verification testing (12380)

2.5.2.5 Resolve stage I open issues (12381)

2.5.2.6 Define plan to incorporate all open stage I

prototype solutions in stage II build (12382)

2.5.3 Build pre-launch-stage III (12383)

2.5.3.1 Confirm stage III pilot build readiness (12384)

2.5.3.2 Build saleable vehicles (12385)

2.5.3.3 Evaluate quality plan to target (12386)

2.5.3.4 Create containment assessment and release

plan (12387)

2.5.3.5 Confirm product readiness (12388)

2.5.3.6 Confirm assembly plant readiness (12389)

2.5.3.7 Complete vendor evaluation and monitoring

plan (12390)

2.5.3.8 Verify and estimate full production capability

(18102)

2.5.3.9 Confirm advertisement process and take

photograph for advertisement (18103)

2.6 Test/verify vehicle functional requirements (12391)

2.6.1 Test vehicle and supplier durability and performance (12392)

2.6.1.1 Identify vehicles for testing (12393)

2.6.1.2 Define corporate FMVSS requirements and

vehicle star rating as targets (12394)

2.6.1.3 Define new procedures/identify standard test

procedures for full system and sub system (12395)

2.6.1.4 Perform durability test in proving ground and

road simulator (12396)

2.6.1.5 Conduct vehicle/main unit performance test

(18104)

2.6.2 Manage and assess design change (12400)

2.6.2.1 Create a change notice or work order for design

change request (12401)

2.6.2.2 Capture the design change as a different revision

(12402)

2.6.2.3 Manage design change (12403)

2.6.2.4 Analyze achievement of change, root cause of

any deviations and plan countermeasures (18105)

2.6.3 Prepare vehicles and obtain regulatory certifications (12404)

2.6.3.1 Prepare vehicles for sub-system testing (12405)

2.6.3.2 Release sub-system testing results to media

(12406)

2.6.4 Obtain approval for test and ride (12407)

2.6.4.1 Obtain approval from senior management for

final overall vehicle test and ride (12408)

2.6.4.2 Release final test results to media (12409)

2.6.5 After Start Of Production (SOP) follow process (18106)

2.6.5.1 Verify sales volume and customer satisfaction/

complaints (18107)

2.6.5.2 Analyze quality results and plan countermeasure

for market (18108)

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