中文DICOM标准：医学影像通信体系详解

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中文DICOM文档是关于医学数字影像和通讯标准的重要资源，由美国放射学会(American College of Radiology, ACR)和美国国家电子制造商协会(National Electrical Manufacturers Association, NEMA)共同制定。标准的发展始于199x年的NEMA PS3.1，旨在解决随着计算机在医疗领域广泛应用和数字化诊断成像技术（如CT和MRI）的普及，如何实现不同制造商设备间图像和相关数据的无缝交流。标准的目的是为了促进跨设备厂商的数字图像信息通信，推动 Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)的发展及其与其他医院信息系统接口，同时支持生成可互通的诊断信息数据库。整个标准被设计为一个多部分文档，分为九个主要部分： 1. **第一部分：介绍和概述** - 提供了标准的历史背景、目的和未来发展方向，介绍了标准的开发过程，以及与国际标准ISO/IEC 1989第三部分的关系。 2. **第二部分：遵从性** - 规定了符合标准的具体要求和测试方法，确保设备和服务的互操作性。 3. **第三部分：信息对象定义** - 定义了用于医疗成像的数据结构和语义，有助于明确数据的表示和理解。 4. **第四部分：服务类规范** - 描述了不同类型的医疗信息服务，如查询、存储和传输等。 5. **第五部分：数据结构和语义学** - 关注数据模型和编码规则，保证信息的一致性和准确性。 6. **第六部分：数据字典** - 提供了详细的代码和描述，用于解析和理解各种医疗成像数据元素。 7. **第七部分：消息交换** - 规范了设备间的通信协议，包括网络和点对点通信方式。 8. **第八部分：网络通讯支持** - 专注于网络环境下的消息交换，确保高效传输。 9. **第九部分：点对点通讯支持** - 针对直接设备间的通信提供了专门的指导。这些部分相互关联，但又各自独立，其发展和认可程度可能不同。由于时间跨度较长，不同部分可能经历了多次修订和完善。中文DICOM文档是医疗信息共享和集成的关键标准，对于医疗信息化系统的构建和维护具有重要意义。

DICOM - Part 1: Introduction and Overview

Table B.8.2-1 -- Film Box IOD Modules....................................................................45

B.9 图象盒信息对象定义..................................................................................................46

B.9.1 IOD描述.....................................................................................46

B.9.2 IOD模块.....................................................................................46

Table B.9.2-1 -- Image Box IOD Modules.................................................................46

B.10 基本注解盒信息对象定义........................................................................................46

B.10.1 IOD描述...................................................................................46

B.10.2 IOD模块...................................................................................46

Table B.10.2-1 -- Annotation IOD Modules...............................................................46

B.11基本打印作业信息对象定义.....................................................................................47

B.11.1 IOD描述...................................................................................47

B.11.2 IOD模块...................................................................................47

Table B.11.2-1 -- Print Job IOD Modules..................................................................47

B.12打印机信息对象定义.................................................................................................47

B.12.1 IOD描述...................................................................................47

B.12.2 IOD模块...................................................................................47

Table B.12.2-1 -- Printer IOD Modules......................................................................47

B.13 VOI LUT 盒信息对象定义......................................................................................48

B.13.1 IOD描述...................................................................................48

B.13.2 IOD模块...................................................................................48

Table B.13.2-1 -- VOI LUT Box IOD Modules..........................................................48

B.14 图象续加物盒信息对象定义....................................................................................48

B.14.1 IOD描述...................................................................................48

B.14.2 IOD模块...................................................................................48

Table B.14.2-1 -- Image Overlay Box IOD Modules.................................................48

附录

（规范的）

信息模块定义

............................................................................49

C.1 模块定义的元素.........................................................................................................49

C.1.1 模块描述....................................................................................49

C.1.2模块定义.....................................................................................49

C.1.3 属性描述....................................................................................50

C.2 病人模块.....................................................................................................................51

C.2.1 病人关系模块............................................................................51

Table C.2.1-1 -- Patient Relationship Module Attributes..........................................51

C.2.2 病人识别模块............................................................................51

Table C.2.2-1 -- Patient Identification Module Attributes.........................................51

C.2.3 病人统计模块............................................................................52

Table C.2.3-1 -- Patient Demographic Module Attributes.........................................52

Final Draft for Letter Ballot - March 27, 1992

DICOM - Part 1: Introduction and Overview

C.2.4 病人医学模块............................................................................53

Table C.2.4-1 -- Patient Medical Module Attributes..................................................53

C.3 就诊模块.....................................................................................................................54

C.3.1 就诊关系模块............................................................................54

Table C.3.1-1 -- Visit Relationship Module Attributes...............................................54

C.3.2 就诊识别模块............................................................................54

Table C.3.2-1 -- Visit Identification Module Attributes.............................................54

C.3.3 就诊状态模块............................................................................55

Table C.3.3-1 -- Visit Status Module Attributes.........................................................55

C.3.4就诊入院模块.............................................................................55

Table C.3.4-1 -- Visit Admission Module Attributes..................................................55

C.3.5 就诊出院模块............................................................................56

Table C.3.5-1 -- Visit Discharge Module Attributes...................................................56

C.3.6 就诊安排模块............................................................................56

Table C.3.6-1 -- Visit Scheduling Module Attributes.................................................56

C.4 研究模块.....................................................................................................................57

C.4.1 研究关系模块............................................................................57

Table C.4.1-1 -- Study Relationship Module Attributes.............................................57

C.4.2 研究识别模块............................................................................57

Table C.4.2-1 -- Study Identification Module Attributes...........................................57

C.4.3 研究模块....................................................................................58

Table C.4.3-1 -- Study Classification Module Attributes...........................................58

C.4.4 研究安排模块............................................................................58

Table C.4.4-1 -- Study Scheduling Module Attributes...............................................58

C.4.5 研究获得模块............................................................................59

Table C.4.5-1 -- Study Acquisition Module Attributes...............................................59

C.4.6研究阅读模块.............................................................................59

表

C.4.6-1

定义了与研究阅读相关的属性。

..............................................................59

Table C.4.6-1 -- Study Read Module Attributes.........................................................59

C.4.7 研究组件模块............................................................................60

Table C.4.7-1 -- Study Component Module Attributes...............................................60

C.4.8 研究组件关系模块....................................................................60

Table C.4.8-1 Study Component Relationship Module Attributes............................60

C.4.9 研究组件状态模块....................................................................60

Table C.4.9-1 Study Component Acquisition Module Attributes..............................60

C.5 结果模块.....................................................................................................................62

Final Draft for Letter Ballot - March 27, 1992

DICOM - Part 1: Introduction and Overview

C.5.1 结果关系模块............................................................................62

Table C.5.1-1 -- Results Relationship Module Attributes..........................................62

C.5.2 结果识别模块............................................................................62

Table C.5.2-1 -- Results Identification Module Attributes.........................................62

C.5.3 结果印象模块............................................................................62

Table C.5.3-1 -- Results Impression Module Attributes.............................................62

C.6 解释模型.....................................................................................................................63

C.6.1 解释关系模块............................................................................63

Table C.6.1-1 -- Interpretation Relationship Module Attributes...............................63

C.6.2 解释识别模块............................................................................63

Table C.6.2-1 -- Interpretation Identification Module Attributes.............................63

C.6.3 释状态模块................................................................................64

Table C.6.3-1 -- Interpretation State Module Attributes............................................64

C.6.4 解释记录模块............................................................................64

Table C.6.4-1 -- Interpretation Recording Module Attributes...................................64

C.6.5 解释抄写模块............................................................................65

Table C.6.5-1 -- Interpretation Transcription Module Attributes.............................65

C.6.6 解释批准模块............................................................................65

表

C.6.6-1

定义了与一个解释的通过相关的属性。

..................................................65

Table C.6.6-1 -- Interpretation Approval Module Attributes.....................................65

C.7 公用复合图象IOD模块..............................................................................................65

C.7.1 公用病人IE模块........................................................................65

Table C.7.1.1 -- Patient Module Attributes.................................................................66

C.7.2 公用的研究IE模块....................................................................67

Table C.7.2.1 -- General Study Module Attributes.....................................................67

Table C.7.2.2 -- Patient Study Module Attributes......................................................68

C.7.3 公用序列IE模块........................................................................68

Table C.7.3.1 -- General Series Module Attributes....................................................69

C.7.4 公用参考帧信息实体模块........................................................71

Table C.7.4.1 -- Frame Of Reference Module Attributes..........................................71

C.7.5 公用设备IE模块........................................................................71

Table C.7.5.1 -- General Equipment Module Attributes............................................73

C.7.6 公用图象IE模块........................................................................74

表

C.7.6.1 –

规格图像模块属性

.................................................................................75

原始的

确定一个原始图像

.......................................................................................76

Final Draft for Letter Ballot - March 27, 1992

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