PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520 单片机数据手册

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"这是一份关于PIC18F659083单片机的资料，涵盖了增强型闪存微控制器的详细数据手册，包括10位A/D转换和nanoWatt技术。该文档由Microchip Technology Inc.发布，但标注为初步版本，可能有更新。" 该文档详细介绍了PIC18F系列单片机，特别是18F2420、18F2520、18F4420和18F4520型号。这些单片机具有28/40/44引脚封装，主要特点是内置增强型Flash存储器和10位模数转换器(A/D)，并且支持nanoWatt技术，意味着它们在低功耗应用中表现出色。 1. **增强型Flash存储器**：这种类型的存储器允许用户进行现场编程和修改，使得开发过程中可以快速迭代和调试代码，无需额外的编程设备。 2. **10-Bit A/D转换器**：单片机内置的高精度A/D转换器能够将模拟信号转化为数字信号，对于需要处理传感器数据或进行信号调理的应用非常有用。 3. **nanoWatt技术**：这是Microchip提出的低功耗技术，适用于电池供电或能量采集等对电源需求严格的系统，确保设备在待机或休眠模式下能有效降低功耗。 4. **28/40/44-Pin封装**：不同封装选择适应不同设计空间和引脚功能需求，使得开发者可以根据实际应用选择合适的硬件配置。 5. **知识产权声明**：Microchip强调，文档中的信息仅供参考，使用者应自行确保其应用满足规格要求。同时，公司不承担因使用这些信息导致的专利侵权或其他知识产权纠纷的责任。 6. **商标信息**：Microchip列出了一系列其注册商标，如dsPIC、KEELOQ、microID、MPLAB、PIC、PICmicro等，这些都是Microchip在微控制器和相关开发工具领域的知名品牌。 7. **使用限制**：Microchip明确表示，其产品不能用于生命支持系统的关键组件，除非获得公司书面批准。这也表明了这些单片机虽然功能强大，但在关键应用中仍需谨慎使用。这份资料提供了关于PIC18F系列单片机的详细设计和应用信息，对工程师进行基于Microchip单片机的系统开发具有重要参考价值。

PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520

DS39631A-page 6 Preliminary  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS

It is our intention to provide our valued customers with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip

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enhanced as new volumes and updates are introduced.

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We welcome your feedback.

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An errata sheet, describing minor operational differences from the data sheet and recommended workarounds, may exist for current

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To determine if an errata sheet exists for a particular device, please check with one of the following:

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When contacting a sales office or the literature center, please specify which device, revision of silicon and data sheet (include

literature number) you are using.

Customer Notification System

 2004 Microchip Technology Inc. Preliminary DS39631A-page 7

PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520

1.0 DEVICE OVERVIEW

This document contains device specific information for

the following devices:

This family offers the advantages of all PIC18 micro-

controllers – namely, high computational performance

at an economical price – with the addition of high-

endurance, Enhanced Flash program memory. On top

of these features, the PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520

family introduces design enhancements that make

these microcontrollers a logical choice for many high-

performance, power sensitive applications.

1.1 New Core Features

1.1.1 nanoWatt TECHNOLOGY

All of the devices in the PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520

family incorporate a range of features that can signifi-

cantly reduce power consumption during operation.

Key items include:

• Alternate Run Modes: By clocking the controller

from the Timer1 source or the internal oscillator

block, power consumption during code execution

can be reduced by as much as 90%.

• Multiple Idle Modes: The controller can also run

with its CPU core disabled but the peripherals still

active. In these states, power consumption can be

reduced even further, to as little as 4% of normal

operation requirements.

• On-the-fly Mode Switching: The power

managed modes are invoked by user code during

operation, allowing the user to incorporate power-

saving ideas into their application’s software

design.

• Low Consumption in Key Modules: The

power requirements for both Timer1 and the

Watchdog Timer are minimized. See

Section 26.0 “Electrical Characteristics”

for values.

1.1.2 MULTIPLE OSCILLATOR OPTIONS

AND FEATURES

All of the devices in the PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520

family offer ten different oscillator options, allowing

users a wide range of choices in developing application

hardware. These include:

• Four Crystal modes, using crystals or ceramic

resonators

• Two External Clock modes, offering the option of

using two pins (oscillator input and a divide-by-4

clock output) or one pin (oscillator input, with the

second pin reassigned as general I/O)

• Two External RC Oscillator modes with the same

pin options as the External Clock modes

• An internal oscillator block which provides an

8 MHz clock and an INTRC source (approxi-

mately 31 kHz), as well as a range of 6 user

selectable clock frequencies, between 125 kHz to

4 MHz, for a total of 8 clock frequencies. This

option frees the two oscillator pins for use as

additional general purpose I/O.

• A Phase Lock Loop (PLL) frequency multiplier,

available to both the high-speed crystal and inter-

nal oscillator modes, which allows clock speeds of

up to 40 MHz. Used with the internal oscillator, the

PLL gives users a complete selection of clock

speeds, from 31 kHz to 32 MHz – all without using

an external crystal or clock circuit.

Besides its availability as a clock source, the internal

oscillator block provides a stable reference source that

gives the family additional features for robust

operation:

• Fail-Safe Clock Monitor: This option constantly

monitors the main clock source against a refer-

ence signal provided by the internal oscillator. If a

clock failure occurs, the controller is switched to

the internal oscillator block, allowing for continued

low-speed operation or a safe application

shutdown.

• Two-Speed Start-up: This option allows the

internal oscillator to serve as the clock source

from Power-on Reset, or wake-up from Sleep

mode, until the primary clock source is available.

• PIC18F2420 • PIC18LF2420

• PIC18F2520 • PIC18LF2520

• PIC18F4420 • PIC18LF4420

• PIC18F4520 • PIC18LF4520

PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520

DS39631A-page 8 Preliminary  2004 Microchip Technology Inc.

1.2 Other Special Features

• Memory Endurance: The Enhanced Flash cells

for both program memory and data EEPROM are

rated to last for many thousands of erase/write

cycles – up to 100,000 for program memory and

1,000,000 for EEPROM. Data retention without

refresh is conservatively estimated to be greater

than 40 years.

• Self-programmability: These devices can write

to their own program memory spaces under inter-

nal software control. By using a bootloader routine

located in the protected Boot Block at the top of

program memory, it becomes possible to create

an application that can update itself in the field.

• Extended Instruction Set: The PIC18F2420/

2520/4420/4520 family introduces an optional

extension to the PIC18 instruction set, which adds

8 new instructions and an Indexed Addressing

mode. This extension, enabled as a device con-

figuration option, has been specifically designed

to optimize re-entrant application code originally

developed in high-level languages, such as C.

• Enhanced CCP module: In PWM mode, this

module provides 1, 2 or 4 modulated outputs for

controlling half-bridge and full-bridge drivers.

Other features include Auto-Shutdown, for dis-

abling PWM outputs on interrupt or other select

conditions and Auto-Restart, to reactivate outputs

once the condition has cleared.

• Enhanced Addressable USART: This serial

communication module is capable of standard

RS-232 operation and provides support for the LIN

bus protocol. Other enhancements include

automatic baud rate detection and a 16-bit Baud

Rate Generator for improved resolution. When the

microcontroller is using the internal oscillator

block, the USART provides stable operation for

applications that talk to the outside world without

using an external crystal (or its accompanying

power requirement).

• 10-bit A/D Converter: This module incorporates

programmable acquisition time, allowing for a

channel to be selected and a conversion to be

initiated without waiting for a sampling period and

thus, reduce code overhead.

• Extended Watchdog Timer (WDT): This

enhanced version incorporates a 16-bit prescaler,

allowing an extended time-out range that is stable

across operating voltage and temperature. See

Section 26.0 “Electrical Characteristics” for

time-out periods.

1.3 Details on Individual Family

Members

Devices in the PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520 family are

available in 28-pin and 40/44-pin packages. Block

diagrams for the two groups are shown in Figure 1-1

and Figure 1-2.

The devices are differentiated from each other in five

ways:

1. Flash program memory (16 Kbytes for

PIC18F2420/4420 devices and 32 Kbytes for

PIC18F2520/4520).

2. A/D channels (10 for 28-pin devices, 13 for

40/44-pin devices).

3. I/O ports (3 bidirectional ports on 28-pin devices,

5 bidirectional ports on 40/44-pin devices).

4. CCP and Enhanced CCP implementation

(28-pin devices have 2 standard CCP mod-

ules, 40/44-pin devices have one standard CCP

module and one ECCP module).

5. Parallel Slave Port (present only on 40/44-pin

devices).

All other features for devices in this family are identical.

These are summarized in Table 1-1.

The pinouts for all devices are listed in Table 1-2 and

Table 1-3.

Like all Microchip PIC18 devices, members of the

PIC18F2420/2520/4420/4520 family are available as

both standard and low-voltage devices. Standard

devices with Enhanced Flash memory, designated with

an “F” in the part number (such as PIC18F2420),

accommodate an operating V

DD range of 4.2V to 5.5V.

Low-voltage parts, designated by “LF” (such as

PIC18LF2420), function over an extended VDD range

of 2.0V to 5.5V.

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