DS1302实时时钟芯片详细手册

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"DS1302手册详细介绍了DS1302实时钟芯片的特性、功能、工作范围以及封装选项。" DS1302是一款高性能的实时时钟（RTC）芯片，专为在各种电子设备中实现精确的时间保持功能而设计。以下是关于DS1302的一些关键知识点： 1. **功能特性**： - 实时计时：DS1302能够准确地记录秒、分、小时、日期、月份、星期以及年份，并且内置闰年补偿，支持到2100年的正确日期计算。 - 31x8 RAM：除了时间存储外，还提供31字节的RAM用于暂存数据。 - 串行I/O：通过最小化的三线接口（RST、I/O、SCLK）进行通信，减少了对电路板空间的需求。 - 宽电源电压范围：2.0V至5.5V，适用于多种供电环境。 - 低功耗：在2.0V下工作时，电流消耗小于300nA，有利于延长电池寿命。 - 数据传输：支持单字节或多字节（突发模式）的数据读写操作，用于时钟或RAM数据。 - 封装选项：提供8引脚DIP和SOIC两种封装，以及16引脚SOIC封装，适合表面贴装技术。 - 工业级温度范围：可选工业级温度范围，工作在-40°C至+85°C。 - 兼容性：与DS1202兼容，满足不同应用需求。 - 认证：符合Underwriters Laboratories的安全标准。 2. **订购信息**： - 提供了不同封装和温度范围的型号选择，如8引脚DIP和SOIC封装，以及16引脚SOIC封装的工业级版本。 3. **引脚分配**： - X1, X2：32.768kHz晶振输入引脚，为DS1302提供精确的时间基准。 - GND：接地引脚。 - RST：复位引脚，用于初始化或重置DS1302。 - I/O：数据输入/输出引脚，实现串行通信。 - SCLK：串行时钟引脚，由外部设备驱动，控制数据传输的同步。 - VCC1, VCC2：电源引脚，为DS1302提供工作电压。 4. **操作**： - DS1302使用简单的三线接口与主机系统通信，通过I/O引脚进行数据交换，SCLK提供时钟信号，RST用于系统复位或初始化。 DS1302是一款理想的实时时钟解决方案，广泛应用于需要精确时间保持的嵌入式系统、电子设备和物联网设备中。其低功耗、宽电压范围和紧凑的封装使得它在各种设计中都能轻松集成。

DS1302

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X1, X2 – Connections for a standard 32.768 kHz quartz crystal. The internal oscillator is designed for

operation with a crystal having a specified load capacitance of 6 pF. For more information on crystal

selection and crystal layout considerations, please consult Application Note 58, “Crystal Considerations

with Dallas Real Time Clocks.” The DS1302 can also be driven by an external 32.768 kHz oscillator. In

this configuration, the X1 pin is connected to the external oscillator signal and the X2 pin is floated.

COMMAND BYTE

The command byte is shown in Figure 2. Each data transfer is initiated by a command byte. The MSB

(Bit 7) must be a logic 1. If it is 0, writes to the DS1302 will be disabled. Bit 6 specifies clock/calendar

data if logic 0 or RAM data if logic 1. Bits 1 through 5 specify the designated registers to be input or

output, and the LSB (bit 0) specifies a write operation (input) if logic 0 or read operation (output) if logic

1. The command byte is always input starting with the LSB (bit 0).

ADDRESS/COMMAND BYTE Figure 2

RESET AND CLOCK CONTROL

All data transfers are initiated by driving the RST input high. The RST input serves two functions. First,

RST turns on the control logic which allows access to the shift register for the address/command

sequence. Second, the RST signal provides a method of terminating either single byte or multiple byte

data transfer.

A clock cycle is a sequence of a falling edge followed by a rising edge. For data inputs, data must be

valid during the rising edge of the clock and data bits are output on the falling edge of clock. If the RST

input is low all data transfer terminates and the I/O pin goes to a high impedance state. Data transfer is

illustrated in Figure 3. At power–up, RST must be a logic 0 until V

> 2.0 volts. Also SCLK must be at

a logic 0 when RST is driven to a logic 1 state.

DATA INPUT

Following the eight SCLK cycles that input a write command byte, a data byte is input on the rising edge

of the next eight SCLK cycles. Additional SCLK cycles are ignored should they inadvertently occur.

Data is input starting with bit 0.

DATA OUTPUT

Following the eight SCLK cycles that input a read command byte, a data byte is output on the falling

edge of the next eight SCLK cycles. Note that the first data bit to be transmitted occurs on the first falling

edge after the last bit of the command byte is written. Additional SCLK cycles retransmit the data bytes

should they inadvertently occur so long as RST remains high. This operation permits continuous burst

mode read capability. Also, the I/O pin is tri–stated upon each rising edge of SCLK. Data is output

starting with bit 0.

BURST MODE

Burst mode may be specified for either the clock/calendar or the RAM registers by addressing location 31

decimal (address/command bits 1 through 5 = logic 1). As before, bit 6 specifies clock or RAM and bit 0

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