进阶PHP面向对象编程指南（第3版）：实战教程

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"《PHP高级与面向对象编程：视觉快速参考指南（第3版）》是一本专为提升PHP开发者技能而设计的专业书籍。作者Larry Ullman以其畅销书作家和PHP程序员的身份，对这本教材进行了全面修订和更新，旨在帮助读者掌握更深层次的PHP技术。本书共十四章，以步骤清晰的方式讲解，内容涵盖了实战应用中的PHP使用，特别是针对高级PHP技术和数据库概念的深入开发。新版本特别增加了对面向对象编程（OOP）的章节，这是现代软件开发的重要组成部分，它强调代码的复用性、模块性和灵活性。此外，书中还引入了全新的章节，如调试、测试和性能优化，这些对于编写高效、稳定和可维护的代码至关重要。通过访问Larry Ullman在larryullman.com上的官方网站，读者可以免费获取书中使用的示例代码，参与用户论坛，获取书籍更新，并直接获得作者的专业指导。本书由Pearson Education旗下的Peachpit Press出版，地址位于美国加利福尼亚州伯克利。版权信息显示，所有权利归Larry Ullman所有，未经许可，任何形式的复制或传播都必须得到出版社的书面授权。若需了解重印或摘录的内容许可，请联系permissions@peachpit.com。为了确保内容的准确无误，书中提供了错误报告渠道，读者可以通过errata@peachpit.com反馈错误。封面设计和内部设计均出自专业团队，确保了良好的阅读体验。总体而言，《PHP高级与面向对象编程：视觉快速参考指南（第3版）》是一本实用且详尽的资源，适合想要深化PHP技能并探索OOP实践的开发者使用。"

1 <!doctype html>

2 <html lang="en">

3 <head>

4 <meta charset="utf-8">

5 <title>Sorting Multidimensional Arrays</title>

6 <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">

7 </head>

8 <body>

9 <?php # Script 1.1 - sort.php

11 /* This page creates a multidimensional array

12 * of names and grades.

13 * The array is then sorted twice:

14 * once by name and once by grade.

15 */

17 // Create the array...

18 // Array structure:

19 // studentID => array('name' => 'Name', 'grade' => XX.X)

20 $students = array(

21 256 => array('name' => 'Jon', 'grade' => 98.5),

22 2 => array('name' => 'Vance', 'grade' => 85.1),

23 9 => array('name' => 'Stephen', 'grade' => 94.0),

24 364 => array('name' => 'Steve', 'grade' => 85.1),

25 68 => array('name' => 'Rob', 'grade' => 74.6)

26 );

28 // Name sorting function:

29 function name_sort($x, $y) {

30 return strcasecmp($x['name'], $y['name']);

31 }

33 // Grade sorting function:

34 // Sort in DESCENDING order!

35 function grade_sort($x, $y) {

36 return ($x['grade'] < $y['grade']);

37 }

39 // Print the array as is:

40 echo '<h2>Array As Is</h2><pre>' . print_r($students, 1) . '</pre>';

42 // Sort by name:

43 uasort($students, 'name_sort');

44 echo '<h2>Array Sorted By Name</h2><pre>' . print_r($students, 1) . '</pre>';

46 // Sort by grade:

47 uasort($students, 'grade_sort');

48 echo '<h2>Array Sorted By Grade</h2><pre>' . print_r($students, 1) . '</pre>';

50 ?>

51 </body>

52 </html>

You’ll note that I’m using HTML5 for all of the examples in this book, although that won’t have

an impact on any of the PHP code. I’m also using a simple style sheet from the HTML5

Boilerplate (http://html5boilerplate.com/).

You can download all of the book’s code from LarryUllman.com.

2. Define a multidimensional array:

www.1024ebook.com

Click here to view code image

$students = array(

256 => array('name' => 'Jon', 'grade' => 98.5),

2 => array('name' => 'Vance', 'grade' => 85.1),

9 => array('name' => 'Stephen', 'grade' => 94.0),

364 => array('name' => 'Steve', 'grade' => 85.1),

68 => array('name' => 'Rob', 'grade' => 74.6)

);

The outer array, $students, has five elements, each of which is also an array. The inner arrays

use the student’s ID for the key (a made-up value) and store two pieces of data: the student’s

name and their grade.

3. Define the name-sorting function:

Click here to view code image

function name_sort($x, $y) {

return strcasecmp($x['name'], $y['name']);

}

The strcasecmp() function returns a number—negative, 0, or positive—indicating how similar

two strings are. If a negative value is returned, the first string comes before the second

alphabetically; if a positive value is returned, the second string comes first. If 0 is returned, the

strings are the same.

4. Define the grade sorting function:

Click here to view code image

function grade_sort($x, $y) {

return ($x['grade'] < $y['grade']);

}

This example is like the demo in the introduction to these steps, but in its shortest format. One

significant difference is that this example should perform a descending sort, listing the highest

grades first. This is easily accomplished: change the comparison operator from greater than to

less than. Thus, if the first argument is less than the second, the value true is returned, which

indicates the second argument should come first in the ordered list.

5. Print the array as it’s initially defined:

Click here to view code image

echo '<h2>Array As Is</h2><pre>' . print_r($students, 1) . '</pre>';

To quickly print out the array’s contents, use the print_r() function. The output will be wrapped

within <pre> tags for improved legibility.

6. Sort the array by name and print the results:

Click here to view code image

uasort($students, 'name_sort');

echo '<h2>Array Sorted By Name</h2><pre>' . print_r ($students, 1) . '</pre>';

Here the uasort() function is used so that the keys—the student IDs—are not lost . If just

usort() was invoked, the sorting would drop those keys .

www.1024ebook.com

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