俄罗斯生物磁效应研究综述：直流与低频交流磁场的影响

需积分: 10 160 浏览量更新于2024-07-09 收藏 179KB PDF 举报

本文是一篇发表在2001年《生物电磁学》(Bioelectromagnetics)上的综述文章，标题为《俄罗斯生物学文献对直流和低频交流磁场生物效应的回顾》。作者Mikhail N. Zhadin，来自俄罗斯普希金细胞生理研究所神经控制实验室，主要探讨了自1900年至当时的俄罗斯科学研究文献中，关于弱静态和低频交流磁场对生物系统影响的研究。文章开篇回顾了历史背景，提到了V.Vernadsky和A.Chizhevsky等科学家的思想，他们认为太阳活动与地球上的生命存在紧密联系，这在俄罗斯生物学领域催生了对磁场，特别是磁生物学的兴趣。这些早期理论激发了一整套关于磁场对生物体，包括人类和动物，以及社会现象的影响的研究。研究重点集中在以下几个方面： 1. **磁场的历史影响**：文中追溯了俄罗斯磁生物学发展的历史轨迹，探讨了这些理论如何推动了对自然现象（如磁暴）和地球磁场极微小、周期性变化（如极低频电磁场）对生物作用的研究。 2. **实验方法与应用**：综述涵盖了实验室条件下，通过人造磁场所进行的各类实验，这些实验设计旨在揭示不同频率和强度磁场对生物体生理功能、行为反应以及整体健康的影响。 3. **生物效应的类型**：研究内容广泛，涉及到了解磁场可能对生物体的不同层面产生的影响，如神经系统的功能、细胞代谢、基因表达、免疫系统响应以及社会行为模式的变化。 4. **实验结果与理论解释**：综述还总结了已有的研究成果，包括观察到的生物学效应，以及这些效应可能的生理机制和生物化学基础。 5. **未来研究方向**：文章最后讨论了当时正在进行的研究趋势，以及未来可能的研究领域，比如寻找更精确的磁场生物效应指标，以及磁疗和环境磁场对人体健康的潜在影响。这篇综述为读者提供了一个全面的视角，展示了俄罗斯在直流和低频交流磁场生物效应研究领域的深度和广度，对于理解这些非传统生物物理因素对生物体及生态系统的作用具有重要的参考价值。

increase in the rate of learning. The concentration of

catecholamines increased in their brain (in the

hippocampus). However, the lag of imprinting in

chickens hatched out in the shielded chamber was

doubled.

In the shielded chamber, Podkovkin [1995]

subjected guinea-pigs to a DC MF ten times weaker

than the natural GMF for 30 min. An increase of

epinephrine and histamine levels and a decrease of

serotonin level in blood were observed. Another

group of animals was previously exposed to a 2 Gy

X-radiation. After 30 days, when all biochemical

parameters caused by the X-radiation became normal,

the animals were enclosed in the shielded chamber for

30 min. In this case the action of the weakened GMF

did not in¯uence the epinephrine and serotonin levels,

and the effect on the histamine level was essentially

weaker compared to that for guinea-pigs that were not

exposed to the preliminary X-radiation.

A weakened GMF also in¯uenced plants. A set of

speci®c features of cells in the meristem of seedling

roots of pea, ¯ax and lentil under conditions of GMF

shielding was revealed by electron microscopy.

Changes in different subcellular structures, especially

in mitochondria, were found [Beljavskaja et al., 1992].

A 68±75% reduction in proliferation of meristem of

these seedling roots was observed [Fomichjova et al.,

1992a]. The dynamics of RNA and protein synthesis in

cells of this root meristem was also investigated

[Fomichjova et al., 1992b]. A fall was shown in

functional genome activity in all the plants examined

under GMF shielding during the early prereplicative

period.

The most spectacular manifestation of the

in¯uence of the solar activity on GMF disturbances

are the Sun bursts. The in¯uence of solar activity on

the GMF, the biosphere and social processes was noted

as early as in the beginning of the century [Anuchin,

1908; Bogolepov, 1912]. However, this idea arose in its

entirety in the works of Chizhevsky [1928, 1931, 1973]

as the ®rst great interdisciplinary problem in the

history of science: ``Solar ActivityÐBiosphereÐ

Society'' [Vladimirsky, 1995]. He formulated the

following important empirical regularities:

1) Solar activity is of a broad nature, and it in¯uences

all living beings from bacteria to human beings;

2) The 11 year cycle is prominent in many phenomena

of the organic world, but different phenomena have

different phases regarding the solar cycle and are

affected by either a maximum or a minimum of the

solar activity;

3) The degree of prominence of the 11 year cycle for a

given biological parameter and its phase can be

different in different geographic areas, and over a

large territory these changes tend toward ``com-

pensation'';

4) The physical factor mediating the action of solar

activity on living beings and the biosphere is

mainly the EMF.

Chizhevsky's belief that revolutions and social

catastrophes are in¯uenced by solar activity led him to

prison. His books were withdrawn from libraries. In

1942 he was arrested. He was released as late as 1958

and a few years later, in 1964, he passed away

[Yagodinsky, 1987]. It was only as late as 1973 that his

remarkable monograph, ``The Terrestrial Echo of Solar

Storms,'' was republished, becoming available once

again to scienti®c society.

Magnetic storms correlate with anxiety and

irritability in people, lower attention and accuracy in

their work, which raises the probability of transport

accidents [Ashikaliev et al., 1995] and of mistakes by

airmen in piloting planes [Derjapa et al., 1986; Usenko

et al., 1989]. In the course of magnetic storms, the

number of ambulance calls increases [Sergeenko and

Kuleshova, 1995; Oraevsky et al., 1995] and glaucoma

attacks rise [Zhokhov and Indejkin, 1970; Kachevans-

kaja, 1989]. The information about acute attacks of

cardiovascular diseases is especially abundant [Klimov

et al., 1980; Novikova et al., 1989; Rozhdestvenskaja

et al., 1989; Gur®nkel' et al., 1995; Tyvin et al., 1995;

Villoresi et al., 1995; and others]. An essential increase

in the number of cases of instantaneous death from

cardiovascular disease takes place on these days

[Gnevyshev et al., 1982]. Most of the cited data were

obtained by correlation of the known days with MSs

with many years of records from the proper institu-

tions. All the data were statistically signi®cant.

The correlation between medical parameters as

well as social events and different data sets from

typical cycles (7 day, 27 day, 29.5 day, 2, 3, 5, 8, 11, 22,

35 year cycles) of variations in the solar activity were

revealed by spectral Fourier analysis in investigations

of records for deterioration of functional state of the

human nervous system [Belisheva et al., 1995],

psychopathic attacks [Rudakov et al., 1984], cases of

hospitalization of schizophrenia, alcoholic psychosis,

and epilepsy patients [Samokhvalov, 1989], risk of

breast cancer in women [Rjabykh and Bodrova, 1992],

rates of mortality and birth [Zajtseva and Pudovkin,

1995], the number of registered crimes [Chibrikin

et al., 1995a], the size of money issued [Chibrikin

et al., 1995b], and main events in European history

such as wars, economic cycles, social crises, and intel-

lectual creative works [Vladimirsky and Kislovsky,

1995].

30 Zhadin

剩余18页未读，继续阅读

weixin_38538264

粉丝: 5
资源: 932

俄罗斯生物磁效应研究综述：直流与低频交流磁场的影响

俄罗斯直流和低频交流磁场生物作用文献综述

Human-Intracranial-Recordings-and-DCNN-to-Compare-Biological-and-Artificial-Mechanisms-of-Vision

Design, synthesis and prelimnary biological activity studies of dithiocarbamate-3-epi-Jaspine B hybrids

Biological municipal wastewater nutrients removal in anaerobic-aerobic (low dissolved oxygen) sequencing batch reactor: effect of organic carbon source addition

Synthesis and biological evaluation of cytotoxic activity of 14-(β-D-2-deoxy-ribopyranosyl)-naphtho [2,1-a]pyrrolo[3,4-c]carbazole-5,7(6H,12H)-dione

A FPGA-based multi-frequency current source for biological EIT system

Research on the extraction and biological reaction of nano-grinding from artificial joint

Biological and behavioural determinants of the frequency of mild, biochemical hypoglycaemia in patients with Type 1 diabetes on multiple insulin injection therapy

Predicting a Biological Response（预测生物反应）-数据集

Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Substituted Cinnamic Acid Esters as Selective MMP-2 and MMP-9 Inhibitors

最新资源