VMware vSphere 6.x 数据中心设计实战指南(第二版)

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《VMware vSphere 6.X Datacenter Design Cookbook (2nd Edition)》是一本针对VMware vSphere 6.x平台的专业设计指南，是第二版的内容，旨在提供超过75个实用的配方，帮助读者自信地构建一个高效且可扩展的虚拟数据中心。作者Hersey Cartwright确保了书中信息的准确性，但必须强调，本书的所有内容在未经Packt Publishing事先书面许可的情况下，不得以任何形式复制、存储或传输。该书的核心知识点包括但不限于： 1. **vSphere 6.x概述**：介绍了vSphere 6.x的新特性和改进，这是本书的基础，帮助设计师了解如何充分利用这一版本的虚拟化技术。 2. **设计原则与最佳实践**：涵盖了设计数据中心时需要考虑的关键原则，如性能优化、高可用性、资源分配和成本效益分析。 3. **架构设计**：详细讲解了如何规划物理和虚拟资源的层次结构，包括计算、存储、网络和安全组件的配置。 4. **容量规划与负载均衡**：如何根据业务需求预测并规划数据中心的规模，以及如何通过vSphere工具实现动态负载均衡。 5. **虚拟机部署策略**：讨论了虚拟机的部署模式（如独立服务器、DPM、DRS等），以及如何根据业务连续性和性能要求选择合适的部署方法。 6. **故障转移与备份恢复**：提供了vSphere高可用性和灾难恢复的最佳实践，确保数据的安全性。 7. **性能调优与监控**：介绍如何使用vSphere Performance Manager和vRealize Operations等工具进行性能分析和优化。 8. **绿色IT与能源效率**：关注数据中心的能耗管理和节能减排措施，提升整体运营效率。 9. **法规遵从性和安全性**：涵盖了数据保护、合规性要求以及如何在vSphere环境中实施安全策略。 10. **案例研究与实战演练**：书中包含实际案例，帮助读者理解概念并将其应用到实际场景中。请注意，尽管本书内容翔实，但读者在实施任何设计建议时仍需谨慎，因为信息仅供参考，不承担任何直接或间接责任。此外，版权信息明确指出，未经出版商同意，不得擅自复制或传播内容。《VMware vSphere 6.X Datacenter Design Cookbook (2nd Edition)》是一本极具价值的参考资料，适合对vSphere 6.x有深入理解和实践经验的IT专业人员使用。

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The Virtual Datacenter

Since the focus of this book is on design, we will not go into great detail discussing the

specics of how to congure resources in a virtual datacenter. Most of you probably already

have a good understanding of VMware's virtualization architecture. So, this section will

provide just a basic overview of the key VMware components that are the building blocks to

the virtual datacenter.

Virtualization creates a layer of abstraction between the physical hardware and the virtual

machines that run on it. Virtual hardware is presented to the virtual machine, granting

access to the underlying physical hardware, which is scheduled by the hypervisor's kernel.

The hypervisor separates the physical hardware from the virtual machine, as shown in the

following diagram:

Windows

Virtual Hardware

Virtual Hardware Virtual Hardware

Virtual Hardware

Linux

Physical Hardware

Linux

Hypervisor

The hypervisor separates the physical hardware from the virtual machine

The new release of vSphere 6 does not change the design process or the design

methodologies. The new functions and features of the release provide an architect with more

tools to satisfy design requirements.

The hypervisor

At the core of any virtualization platform is the hypervisor. The VMware hypervisor is named

vSphere ESXi, simply referred to as ESXi. ESXi is a Type 1 or bare-metal hypervisor. This means

it runs directly on the host's hardware to present virtual hardware to the virtual machines. In

turn, the hypervisor schedules access to the physical hardware of the hosts.

ESXi allows multiple virtual machines with a variety of operating systems to run

simultaneously, sharing the resources of the underlying physical hardware. Access to physical

resources, such as memory, CPU, storage, and network, used by the virtual machines is

managed by the scheduler or the Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) provided by ESXi. The

resources presented to the virtual machines can be overcommitted. This means more

resources than are available can be allocated to the virtual machines on the physical

hardware. Advanced memory sharing and reclamation techniques, such as Transparent Page

Sharing (TPS) and ballooning, along with CPU scheduling, allow for overcommitment of these

resources, resulting in greater virtual to physical consolidation ratios.

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