apache2服务器的搭建和配置步骤详解服务器的搭建和配置步骤详解
前言前言
这篇文章主要给大家介绍了在linux下apache2服务器的搭建和配置的相关资料,具有一定的参考价值,下面来一起学习学习
吧。
步骤如下步骤如下
首先当然是下载包包:
myths@myths-X450LD:~$ sudo apt-get install apache2
装完后就可以用了,在地址栏输入本地回送地址127.0.0.1或者localhost就可以进入到默认的界面了。
默认的界面当然就是apache2的说明界面了。其实很多情况下并不需要在网上寻找帮助文档,几乎所有的软件都会自带使用说
明,只是略长,我们一般都懒得看。但是其实很多重要的东西就在这当中,比如apache2的默认界面里:
Ubuntu Logo Apache2 Ubuntu Default Page
It works!
This is the default welcome page used to test the correct operation of the Apache2 server after installation on Ubuntu systems. It is based on the
equivalent page on Debian, from which the Ubuntu Apache packaging is derived. If you can read this page, it means that the Apache HTTP server
installed at this site is working properly. You should replace this file (located at /var/www/html/index.html) before continuing to operate your HTTP server.
If you are a normal user of this web site and don't know what this page is about, this probably means that the site is currently unavailable due to
maintenance. If the problem persists, please contact the site's administrator.
Configuration Overview
Ubuntu's Apache2 default configuration is different from the upstream default configuration, and split into several files optimized for interaction with
Ubuntu tools. The configuration system is fully documented in /usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian.gz. Refer to this for the full documentation.
Documentation for the web server itself can be found by accessing the manual if the apache2-doc package was installed on this server.
The configuration layout for an Apache2 web server installation on Ubuntu systems is as follows:
/etc/apache2/
|-- apache2.conf
| `-- ports.conf
|-- mods-enabled
| |-- *.load
| `-- *.conf
|-- conf-enabled
| `-- *.conf
|-- sites-enabled
| `-- *.conf
apache2.conf is the main configuration file. It puts the pieces together by including all remaining configuration files when starting up the web server.
ports.conf is always included from the main configuration file. It is used to determine the listening ports for incoming connections, and this file can be
customized anytime.
Configuration files in the mods-enabled/, conf-enabled/ and sites-enabled/ directories contain particular configuration snippets which manage modules,
global configuration fragments, or virtual host configurations, respectively.
They are activated by symlinking available configuration files from their respective *-available/ counterparts. These should be managed by using our
helpers a2enmod, a2dismod, a2ensite, a2dissite, and a2enconf, a2disconf . See their respective man pages for detailed information.
The binary is called apache2\. Due to the use of environment variables, in the default configuration, apache2 needs to be started/stopped with
/etc/init.d/apache2 or apache2ctl. Calling /usr/bin/apache2 directly will not work with the default configuration.
Document Roots
By default, Ubuntu does not allow access through the web browser to any file apart of those located in /var/www, public_html directories (when enabled)
and /usr/share (for web applications). If your site is using a web document root located elsewhere (such as in /srv) you may need to whitelist your
document root directory in /etc/apache2/apache2.conf.
The default Ubuntu document root is /var/www/html. You can make your own virtual hosts under /var/www. This is different to previous releases which
provides better security out of the box.
Reporting Problems
Please use the ubuntu-bug tool to report bugs in the Apache2 package with Ubuntu. However, check existing bug reports before reporting a new bug.
Please report bugs specific to modules (such as PHP and others) to respective packages, not to the web server itself.
Valid XHTML 1.0 Transitional
仅仅从这个文件中,我们就可以至少得到以下的重要信息:仅仅从这个文件中,我们就可以至少得到以下的重要信息:
当访问本机的时候,默认进入的页面是/var/www/html/index.html。
配置系统的说明在/usr/share/doc/apache2/README.Debian.gz中。
完整使用手册可以通过安装apache2-doc 进行下载。
主配置文件为/etc/apache2/apache2.conf。
启动和关闭apache2服务可以通过执行命令/etc/init.d/apache2 start(stop / restart)当然也可以是 service apache2 start
(stop / restart)。这里一定要注意记得!记得!加root权限!这里不加root权限并没有明显的提示(好坑),当遇到问题的时候
很难让人想到是这里出的错,所以一定要记得!记得!加root权限!
默认情况下apache2拒绝访问除/var/www 和/usr/share文件夹外的其他文件,这种权限是通过apache2.conf文件来控制的.
默认的默认的apache2.conf为:为: