LIN_2.0 规范详解

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"LIN_2.0 specification" LIN（Local Interconnect Network）是一种串行通信协议，主要用于汽车电子系统中的低成本、低数据速率通信。LIN 2.0是该规范的一个重要版本，它在LIN 1.3的基础上进行了重大修订，以满足更复杂汽车功能的需求。 LIN规范的核心目标是为汽车内的各个子系统提供一个标准化的通信平台，这些子系统可能包括照明控制、车窗电机、座椅调节等。LIN 2.0主要改进了以下几个方面： 1. **性能提升**：LIN 2.0支持更高的数据传输速率，最高可达20kbps，相比于LIN 1.3的10kbps有显著提升，这使得它可以处理更多数据量和更复杂的通信任务。 2. **增强的诊断能力**：新规范增加了对网络节点的诊断和故障检测功能，提高了系统的可靠性和可维护性。这包括在线错误检测和故障隔离，有助于快速定位问题。 3. **多主站架构**：LIN 2.0引入了多主站的概念，允许网络中有多个节点可以发起通信，而不是像之前版本那样只有一个主站。这提高了网络的灵活性和效率。 4. **同步帧**：LIN 2.0引入了同步帧，确保所有节点在数据传输时保持同步。同步帧在每个报文周期的开始发送，确保后续的数据帧能够正确接收。 5. **扩展的报文ID（SID）**：LIN 2.0的报文ID（Message Identifier）范围扩大，允许更多的消息类型和更大的网络复杂性。 6. **睡眠模式和唤醒信号**：为了节省能源，LIN 2.0支持节点进入睡眠模式，并且可以由特定的唤醒信号激活，这对于车载电池管理非常重要。 7. **网络管理**：增强了网络管理功能，如网络初始化、节点配置和错误处理，确保网络的稳定运行。 8. **兼容性**：尽管进行了大量改进，但LIN 2.0仍然保持与早期版本的向后兼容，以便于升级现有系统。 LIN 2.0规范的发布对于汽车行业的电子化和智能化进程有着重要的推动作用，它提高了汽车内部系统的集成度，降低了开发成本，同时也为未来的汽车网络发展奠定了基础。此规范由LIN Consortium（LIN联盟）发布，这是一个由多家汽车行业领先公司组成的组织，负责制定和推广LIN标准。

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Contact: H.-Chr. v. d. Wense, Motorola GmbH, Schatzbogen 7, D-81829 Munich, Germany

Ph: +49 (89) 92103-882 E-Mail: H.Wense@Motorola.com

LIN Specification Package

Revision 2.0

September 23, 2003; Page 16

Table of contents

2.6.1 Assign NAD ....................................................................................9

2.6.2 Conditional change NAD ................................................................9

2.6.3 Data dump ....................................................................................10

3 Diagnostics .......................................................................................11

3.1 Signal based diagnostics..............................................................11

3.2 User defined diagnostics ..............................................................11

3.3 Diagnostics transport layer ...........................................................11

3.3.1 PDU structure ...............................................................................12

3.3.2 Defined requests ..........................................................................14

3.3.3 ISO timing constraints ..................................................................14

3.3.4 Sequence diagrams......................................................................15

4 References .......................................................................................16

Physical Layer Specification

1 Oscillator Tolerance............................................................................2

2 Bit Timing Requirements and Synchronization Procedure .................3

2.1 Bit Timing Requirements ................................................................3

2.2 Synchronization Procedure ............................................................3

3 Line Driver/Receiver ...........................................................................4

3.1 General Configuration ....................................................................4

3.2 Definition of Supply Voltages for the Physical Interface .................4

3.3 Signal Specification ........................................................................5

3.4 Electrical DC parameters................................................................7

3.5 Electrical AC Parameters ...............................................................9

3.6 LINE Characteristics.....................................................................11

3.7 ESD/EMI Compliance...................................................................12

Application Program Interface Specification

1 Introduction .........................................................................................2

1.1 Concept of operation ......................................................................2

1.1.1 System generation..........................................................................2

1.1.2 API..................................................................................................2

2 Core API .............................................................................................4

2.1 Driver and cluster management .....................................................4

2.1.1 l_sys_init.........................................................................................4

2.2 Signal interaction ............................................................................4

2.2.1 Signal types ....................................................................................4

2.2.2 Scalar signal read...........................................................................5

2.2.3 Scalar signal write ..........................................................................5

2.2.4 Byte array read ...............................................................................5

2.2.5 Byte array write...............................................................................6

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Contact: H.-Chr. v. d. Wense, Motorola GmbH, Schatzbogen 7, D-81829 Munich, Germany

Ph: +49 (89) 92103-882 E-Mail: H.Wense@Motorola.com

LIN Specification Package

Revision 2.0

September 23, 2003; Page 17

Table of contents

2.3 Notification......................................................................................6

2.3.1 l_flg_tst ...........................................................................................6

2.3.2 l_flg_clr ...........................................................................................7

2.4 Schedule management...................................................................7

2.4.1 l_sch_tick........................................................................................7

2.4.2 l_sch_set ........................................................................................8

2.5 Interface management....................................................................9

2.5.1 l_ifc_init...........................................................................................9

2.5.2 l_ifc_connect...................................................................................9

2.5.3 l_ifc_disconnect ..............................................................................9

2.5.4 l_ifc_goto_sleep............................................................................10

2.5.5 l_ifc_wake_up...............................................................................10

2.5.6 l_ifc_ioctl.......................................................................................11

2.5.7 l_ifc_rx ..........................................................................................11

2.5.8 l_ifc_tx ..........................................................................................12

2.5.9 l_ifc_aux .......................................................................................12

2.5.10 l_ifc_read_status ..........................................................................13

2.6 User provided call-outs.................................................................15

2.6.1 l_sys_irq_disable ..........................................................................15

2.6.2 l_sys_irq_restore ..........................................................................15

3 Node configuration............................................................................16

3.0.1 ld_is_ready ...................................................................................16

3.0.2 ld_check_response.......................................................................17

3.0.3 ld_assign_NAD.............................................................................17

3.0.4 ld_assign_frame_id ......................................................................18

3.0.5 ld_read_by_id ...............................................................................18

3.0.6 ld_conditional_change_NAD ........................................................19

4 Diagnostic transport layer .................................................................20

4.1 Raw API........................................................................................20

4.1.1 ld_put_raw ....................................................................................20

4.1.2 ld_get_raw ....................................................................................21

4.1.3 ld_raw_tx_status...........................................................................21

4.1.4 ld_raw_rx_status ..........................................................................22

4.2 Cooked API ..................................................................................22

4.2.1 ld_send_message ........................................................................22

4.2.2 ld_receive_message.....................................................................23

4.2.3 ld_tx_status ..................................................................................23

4.2.4 ld_rx_status ..................................................................................24

5 Examples ..........................................................................................25

5.1 LIN core API usage ......................................................................25

5.2 LIN description file ........................................................................27

Registered copy for kshchen@hirain.com

Contact: H.-Chr. v. d. Wense, Motorola GmbH, Schatzbogen 7, D-81829 Munich, Germany

Ph: +49 (89) 92103-882 E-Mail: H.Wense@Motorola.com

LIN Specification Package

Revision 2.0

September 23, 2003; Page 18

Table of contents

Node Capability Language Specification

1 Introduction .........................................................................................2

1.1 Plug and play workflow...................................................................2

1.1.1 System Generation.........................................................................2

1.1.2 System Definition............................................................................3

1.1.3 Debugging ......................................................................................3

2 Node capability file definition ..............................................................4

2.1 Global definition..............................................................................4

2.1.1 Node capability language version number definition ......................4

2.2 Node definition................................................................................4

2.3 General definition ...........................................................................4

2.3.1 LIN protocol version number definition ...........................................5

2.3.2 LIN Product Identification ...............................................................5

2.3.3 Bit rate ............................................................................................5

2.3.4 Non-network parameters ................................................................5

2.4 Diagnostic definition .......................................................................5

2.5 Frame definition..............................................................................6

2.5.1 Frame properties ............................................................................7

2.5.2 Signal definition ..............................................................................7

2.5.3 Signal encoding type definition.......................................................8

2.6 Status management .......................................................................8

2.7 Free text definition ..........................................................................9

3 Overview of Syntax ...........................................................................10

4 Example file ......................................................................................11

Configuration Language Specification

1 Introduction .........................................................................................2

2 LIN description file definition ...............................................................3

2.1 Global definition..............................................................................3

2.1.1 LIN protocol version number definition ...........................................3

2.1.2 LIN language version number definition .........................................3

2.1.3 LIN speed definition........................................................................3

2.2 Node definition................................................................................3

2.2.1 Participating nodes .........................................................................4

2.2.2 Node attributes ...............................................................................4

2.2.3 Node composition definition ...........................................................5

2.3 Signal definition ..............................................................................6

2.3.1 Standard signals.............................................................................6

2.3.2 Diagnostic signals...........................................................................6

2.3.3 Signal groups..................................................................................7

2.4 Frame definition..............................................................................7

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