入门 iOS 游戏编程：打造移动设备游戏

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“Learning iOS Game Programming”是一本专为想要进入iOS游戏开发领域的初学者准备的指南，涵盖了从设计概念到实际编码的全方位知识。作者通过清晰的解释和实用的示例代码，帮助读者快速掌握在iPad、iPhone和iPod touch设备上创建游戏的技术。在这本书中，你将学习到： 1. **iOS游戏开发基础**：了解iOS平台的游戏开发环境，包括Xcode集成开发环境的使用，Objective-C或Swift编程语言的基础，以及Cocos2d-x、Unity等游戏引擎的介绍。 2. **图形与动画**：掌握如何在iOS设备上创建和管理2D及3D图形，使用Core Animation框架实现流畅的动画效果，以及了解OpenGL ES图形库的使用方法。 3. **物理引擎与碰撞检测**：学习如何应用物理引擎来模拟真实世界的运动规则，以及实现精确的碰撞检测机制，提升游戏的真实感和交互性。 4. **音频处理**：了解如何在游戏项目中集成音效和背景音乐，使用AVFoundation框架进行音频播放和管理。 5. **用户输入与触摸控制**：学习如何响应用户的触摸事件，设计和实现各种触摸控制机制，如滑动、点击、捏合缩放等。 6. **游戏逻辑与AI**：探讨如何编写游戏的逻辑代码，包括角色行为、游戏规则以及简单的AI算法，使游戏更具挑战性和趣味性。 7. **网络功能与多人游戏**：理解如何实现游戏的网络功能，支持在线对战或合作模式，使用Game Center或其他网络服务进行游戏同步。 8. **性能优化**：学习如何分析和优化游戏性能，包括内存管理、渲染效率提升和代码优化技巧，确保游戏在不同设备上的流畅运行。 9. **发布与营销**：了解App Store的提交流程，游戏的本地化策略，以及如何有效地推广你的游戏，吸引更多的玩家。 10. **持续学习与进阶**：鼓励读者通过实践不断学习和探索，掌握更高级的游戏开发技术，如实时渲染、虚拟现实(VR)或增强现实(AR)等。书中的案例和代码示例旨在让读者能够动手实践，逐步构建自己的游戏项目。通过这本书，无论你是编程新手还是有经验的开发者，都能获得宝贵的知识和实践经验，为成为下一个App Store热门游戏的创作者奠定坚实基础。

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Processing Taps  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 294
Accelerometer Events  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 298
13
The Game Interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
Game Interface Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299
OpenGL ES Interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
Rendering the Interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301
Defining Button Bounds  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
Handling Touches  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304
Handling Transitions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
OpenGL ES Orientation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
UIKit Interfaces  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Creating the Interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Wiring Up the Interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315
UIKit Orientation  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318
Showing and Hiding a UIKit Interface  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323
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Game Objects and Entities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Game Objects and Entities Project  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325
Game Objects  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326
AbstractObject Class  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
EnergyObject Class  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 329
Game Entities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338
AbstractEntity Class  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339
Artificial Intelligence  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341
Player Entity Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Saving a Game Object or Entity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352
Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 355
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Collision Detection  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Introduction to Collision Detection  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 357
Collision Pruning  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 358
Frame-Based Versus Time-Based  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
Axis-Aligned Bounding Boxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
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Detecting Collisions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Collision Map  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 362
Entity-to-Map Collision Detection  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
Entity-to-Entity Collision Detection  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 367
Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 368
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Putting It All Together  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
The “Camera”  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Saving the Game State and Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Saving Game State  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371
Loading Game State  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 373
Saving Game Settings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375
Loading Game Settings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 376
Saving High Scores  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
Adding a Score  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
Saving High Scores  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
Loading High Scores  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 381
Performance and Tuning  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 382
Using Instruments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383
Leaks Instrument  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 384
Using the OpenGL ES Instrument  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Compiling for Thumb  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389
Beta Testing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
Multiple Device Types  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 391
Feedback  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 392
Index  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 395
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Acknowledgments

Writing this book has been an amazing journey, and it’s only through the efforts of

many other people that you are reading this today.Without these people, I don’t believe

the book would have even been published, let alone become the valuable resource I

believe it to be. For this reason, I would like to acknowledge those people who have

supported me on this journey:

First of all, I’d like to thank my editor at Addison-Wesley, Chuck Toporek, and his

faithful sidekick/editorial assistant, Romny French. Chuck stumbled upon the

video tutorials on my blog and encouraged me to write this book based on what

he saw there. Along the way, Romny helped keep things moving, chased/support-

ed me in getting my tax information in place so I could get paid, and helped us

deliver the book to production.Without their support, guidance, and encourage-

ment, I would never have been able to make the leap from game development

blogger to author.

John Bloomfield is a professional web designer and is responsible for the design

and administration of the 71Squared.com blog.Without his great work on the

blog, Chuck would never have seen my tutorials, and the opportunity to write this

book may never have arisen. John is also my oldest and closest friend, and even

though he is now living on the other side of the world in Australia, it didn’t stop

him from supporting and contributing to this project.

Tom Bradley, a good friend, talented developer, and creator of TBXML,

spent

many hours working with me, even into the early hours of the morning, helping

me track down bugs and improve performance.Tom’s support helped me through

some sticky moments in the development of Sir Lamorak’s Quest and was instru-

mental in getting the game finished on time.

Ryan Sumo is a freelance video game artist residing in Manila,The Philippines. He

created all the artwork used in Sir Lamorak’s Quest that gives the game its retro

look. He is a true professional and a pleasure to work with. His rapid delivery of

art and great feedback and suggestions really helped give the game its great look.

If you ever run into Ryan in Manila and show him a copy of this book, he is

sure to buy you a drink. Examples of Ryan’s work can be found at

ryansumo.carbonmade.com.

Vince Webb is an award-winning composer currently enrolled on an undergradu-

ate music course in London and is the creator of the music and sound effects used

in Sir Lamorak’s Quest. His ability to create an atmosphere with his music really

took Sir Lamorak’s Quest to a new level.Vince is currently working on a number of

TBXML: www.tbxml.co.uk

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