Oracle数据库问题解决与调试指南

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"《Oracle Database Problem Solving and Troubleshooting Handbook》是一本专门针对Oracle数据库问题解决与故障排查的专业手册。该电子书采用EPUB格式，这是一种开放且在行业内广泛使用的电子书标准，但不同阅读设备和应用程序对EPUB的支持程度各异。为了获得最佳阅读体验，用户应根据自己的设备或应用设置进行个性化调整，例如字体、字号、单双栏模式、横竖屏切换，以及可以点击或触控放大的图片功能。书中包含大量的编程代码和配置示例，为了优化这些元素的展示效果，建议读者选择单栏布局和 landscape 模式，并将字体大小调至最小。然而，由于电子书的可流动文本格式可能会影响代码列表的清晰度，当需要查看原汁原味的代码呈现时，会提供一个“点击此处查看代码图像”的链接。点击该链接，读者可以查看与印刷版一致的代码图片。若想返回到之前的页面查看，只需再次点击相关链接即可。此外，该手册旨在帮助读者深入理解Oracle数据库的工作原理，通过详尽的案例分析和实用的解决方案，帮助用户诊断和解决实际工作中遇到的各种问题，包括性能瓶颈、数据一致性问题、安全漏洞等。无论是Oracle新手还是经验丰富的DBA，都能从中受益匪浅。通过阅读这本书，读者不仅能提升技能，还能学习到有效的故障排除策略，以提升整个数据库系统的稳定性和效率。"

Using the FLASH_CACHE Clause
Flash Cache Performance Statistics
Comparing SSD Options
Indexed Reads
OLTP Read/Write Workload
Full Table Scan Performance
SSD Native Caches and Full Table Scans
Disk Sort and Hash Operations
Redo Log Optimization
Storage Tiering
Using Partitions to Tier Data
Flash and Exadata
Creating Flash-Backed ASM Disk Groups on Exadata
Summary
Chapter 18 Designing and Monitoring Indexes for Optimal Performance
Types of Indexes
B-Tree Indexes
Bitmap Indexes
Partitioned Indexes
Other Index Types
Multiple Indexes on Identical Columns
Index Performance Issues
Index Statistics
The Impact of a Low Clustering Factor
Operational Considerations for Indexes
Hiding Unselective Indexes
Index Performance Issues in RAC Databases
Summary
Chapter 19 Using SQLT to Boost Query Performance
Installing SQLT
Using the XTRACT Method
Using the XECUTE Method
Leveraging Other SQLT Methods
A Real-World Example
16

Preface

Database administrators’ lives are becoming more and more challenging, and arduous

work conditions are fast becoming the norm. DBAs face problems that in some cases

could lead organizations and entities to potentially lose millions of dollars per minute

or, in worst-case scenarios, could bring a company’s database infrastructure to a

grinding halt. Yes, such cases are unlikely to happen, but to avoid and avert them, DBAs

had best be prepared.

The guiding principle of this book is to show you how to fix, as rapidly as possible,

serious database problems that can potentially impact the production-level environment.

It guides readers through the steps necessary to fix the problem at hand by examining

real-life examples that could happen any day at any time in any Oracle database.

Instead of losing time trying to find the solution for a problem that is taking your

database down or has already put it down, you can turn to this book for solutions to

some of the biggest problems you might face. Even if you do not find the solution for

your current problem here, you will learn how to quickly search for solutions on the

Internet to solve your problem.

The basic idea behind this book is to offer you light in the dark when you have serious

Oracle database problems in production environments. Along with general best

practices, this book explores some of the top Oracle database problems and their rapid-

fire solutions, explained in a simple and easy format.

Targeted for Oracle DBAs and database machine administrators (DMAs), Oracle

Database Problem Solving and Troubleshooting Handbook will serve as a practical

technical guide for performing day-to-day troubleshooting, tuning, and problem-solving

of administration operations and tasks within the Oracle Database Server family.

Authored by a world-renowned, veteran-author team of Oracle ACEs, ACE

Directors, and Experts, this book is intended to be a problem-solving handbook with a

blend of real-world, hands-on examples and troubleshooting of complex Oracle

database scenarios. This book shows you how to

Choose the quickest path to solve large-impact problems

Make your day more productive with reliable working techniques learned from

real field experts

Construct your own 911 plan

Perform routine proactive maintenance to ensure stability of your environment

Use industry standard best-practice tools and scripts to find the best and fastest

solutions

In this technical, everyday, hands-on, step-by-step book, the authors aim for an

audience of intermediate-level, power, and expert users of the Oracle Database Server

family of products. This book covers both Oracle Database 11g and Oracle Database

12c versions of the underlying Oracle database software.

Acknowledgments

Tariq Farooq

I would like to express boundless thanks for all good things in my life to the Almighty

ALLAH, the lord of the worlds, the most gracious, the most merciful.

I dedicate this book to my parents, Mr. and Mrs. Abdullah Farooq; my wonderful

wife, Ambreen; my awesome kids, Sumaiya, Hafsa, Fatima, and Muhammad-Talha; and

my nephews Muhammad-Hamza, Muhammad-Saad, Muhammed-Muaz, Abdul-Karim,

and Ibrahim, without whose perpetual support this book would not have come to fruition.

My endless gratitude to them as I dedicated almost two years of my spare time to this

book, most of which was on airplanes and in late nights and weekends at home.

My heartfelt gratitude to my friends at the Oracle Technology Network (OTN),

colleagues in the Oracle ACE fellowship, my coworkers, and everyone else in the

Oracle community, as well as in my workplace for standing behind me in my quest to

bring this project to completion, especially Dave Vitalo.

I had been thinking about writing on the Oracle troubleshooting and problem solving

subject area for quite a while. The project was finally kick-started when I met Paulo

Portugal in San Francisco at Oracle Open World 2013. The one thing that I am very

proud of is the amazing ensemble of some of the best minds in the industry, including

Oracle ACEs, ACE directors, and Ph.D.s coauthoring and technically reviewing this

book from start to finish.

From inception to writing to technical review to production, authoring a book is a

complex, labor-intensive, lengthy, and at times painful process; this book would not have

been possible without the endless help and guidance of the awesome Addison-Wesley

team. A very special thanks goes out to Greg Doench, executive editor, and all the other

folks at Addison-Wesley, who stood like a rock behind this project. Kudos to the

technical reviewers, book reviewers, and editorial teams at Addison-Wesley for a great

job on this book.

Many appreciative thanks to my buddies, coauthors, and technical reviewers—Paulo

Portugal, Mohamed Houri, Mike Ault, Jim Czuprynski, Syed Jaffar Hussain, Kamran

Agayev, Anju Garg, Bert Scalzo, and Guy Harrison—for the amazing team effort that

allowed us to bring this book to you, my dear reader. A special thanks to my friend and

fellow Oracle ACE Director Biju Thomas for authoring Chapter 13.

Finally, I thank you, my dear reader, for joining us on this knowledge-laden journey—

my sincerest hope is that you will learn from this book and that you will enjoy reading it

as much as we did researching and authoring it.

Mike Ault

I would like to acknowledge Texas Memory Systems (TMS) and IBM for allowing me

the freedoms to continue writing and researching Oracle-related topics.

Paulo Portugal

I devoted a lot of time working on this book, and at that time my little princess was too

young to understand my preoccupation with this project. I dedicate this book to her and

to my lovely wife, who has always supported me at all times and occasions.

Mohamed Houri

This book is dedicated to my parents; to my lovely daughters, Imane Sonia, Yasmine, and

Selma; and to my family and friends.

Syed Jaffar Hussain

I am thankful for everything in my life to the Almighty ALLAH, the lord of the worlds,

the most gracious, the most merciful. I dedicate this book to my parents, Mr. and Mrs.

Saifulla; my amazing wife, Ayesha; my wonderful children, Ashfaq, Arfan, and Aahil;

my brothers Sadak, Sabdar, and Noor; and my friends and colleagues. A bundle of thanks

to the Addison-Wesley team for their endless help and guidance on the book. Many

appreciative thanks to my coauthors and technical reviewers, Paulo Portugal, Mohamed

Houri, Mike Ault, Jim Czuprynski, Kamran Agayev, Anju Garg, Bert Scalzo, and Guy

Harrison, for the amazing team effort that allowed us to bring this book to you, my dear

reader. A special thanks to my friend and brother Tariq Farooq for inviting me to

participate in this great project.

Jim Czuprynski

I dedicate my part of this book to my dearest wife, Ruth—my helpmate, best friend, and

companion for nearly four decades. Without her careful, loving guidance, proofreading

skills, and infinite patience during my long nights of writing, editing, and muttered

expletives as I struggled to meet deadlines, it would have simply been impossible to

complete my assignments.

Guy Harrison

Thanks to Tariq for giving me the opportunity to work with such a great group of

technical authors, thanks to Anju for providing excellent technical editing, and thanks to

everyone at Addison-Wesley who worked on this project. Thanks as always to my

family for their love and support.

Biju Thomas

I am very honored and humbled to have been invited by Tariq to be part of this

outstanding project along with highly respected and sought-after authors. My sincere

thanks to Tariq and to all coauthors of this book. Thanks to Kamran for all the valuable

technical edits and suggestions. I appreciate all efforts by the Addison-Wesley team to

make sure the book maintains its quality in content, formatting, and appearance. I am

grateful to the Oracle Technology Network (OTN) and Oracle ACE program for all the

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