2017 年 2 月 Journal on Communications February 2017
2017037-1
第 38 卷第 2 期 通 信 学 报 Vol.38
No.2
LTE-A 上行终端直通中面向能效的资源分配方案
朱正仓
1
,赵季红
1,2
,唐睿
1
,曲桦
1,2
,王璐瑶
2
,曹照鑫
1
(1. 西安交通大学电子信息工程学院,陕西 西安 710049;2. 西安交通大学软件学院,陕西 西安 710049)
摘 要:针对 LTE-A 上行蜂窝链路与终端直通链路间的同频干扰问题,提出一种联合资源分配方案来最大化 D2D
链路总能效。上述问题可分解为功率控制和信道分配 2 个子问题。其中,功率控制子问题可借助 Dinkelbach 法和
拉格朗日对偶得到最优解;信道分配子问题等价于集装箱问题,属于 NP 难问题,因此,提出一种启发式算法,
实现算法性能与复杂度之间的折中。仿真结果表明所提联合资源分配方案优于单一资源优化方案,此外,其具有
多项式复杂度且其性能接近理论最优解。
关键词:高级长期演进;终端直通;能效;资源分配;集装箱问题
中图分类号:TN929.53 文献标识码:A
Energy-efficient resource allocation scheme for
device-to-device communication underlaying LTE-A uplink
ZHU Zheng-cang
1
, ZHAO Ji-hong
1,2
, TANG Rui
1
, QU Hua
1,2
, WANG Lu-yao
2
, CAO Zhao-xin
1
(1. School Electronics and Information Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China;
2. Department of Software, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China)
Abstract: To cope with the co-channel interference between cellular links and device-to-device (D2D) links concurrently
transmitting with the long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) uplink spectrum, a joint resource allocation scheme was pro-
posed to maximize the global energy efficiency of D2D links. The above problem can be decomposed into the power
control subproblem and the channel assignment subproblem. Specifically, the power control subproblem can be optimally
solved with the help of Dinkelbach method and Lagrange duality. Based on the above results, the channel assignment
subproblem turns out to be the set packing problem which was generally NP-hard problem, Therefore, a heuristic algo-
rithm was further devised to achieve a tradeoff between performance and complexity. Simulations show that the proposed
joint resource allocation scheme outperforms the ones where only single resource variable is optimized, and it achieves
the polynomial-time complexity at only minor performance loss when compared to the global optimum.
Key words: LTE-A, device-to-device communication, energy efficiency, resource allocation, set packing problem
1 引言
随着人们生活方式的改变,高速近距离通信的
需求呈现指数性增长,终端直通(D2D, device-to-
device)应运而生,其被看作是下一代无线通信系统
5G 中的关键技术之一
[1]
。D2D 带来了新的通信模式,
使数据链路在设备间直接建立,而无需通过基站中
继。其能够有效利用邻近通信对之间良好的信道环
境提高频带利用率,降低基站负载,增加用户传输
速率、延长终端待机时间并缩短端到端时延。此外,
其还能激发新的应用场景,包括无线多跳网络
[2]
、基
于 D2D 多播/广播的内容分发
[3]
以及物联网
[4]
。正因
为上述优势,D2D 受到了 3GPP 等标准化组织的关
注
[5]
,特别是如何在当前高级长期演进(LTE-A/4G,
收稿日期:2016-07-27;修回日期:2016-12-05
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.61372092, No.61531013);国家高技术研究发展计划(“863”计划)基金资助项目
(No.2014AA01A707)
Foundation Items: The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61372092, No.61531013), The National High Technol-
ogy Research and Development Program of China (863 Program) (No.2014AA01A707)
doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2017037