Cocoa与Objective-C入门指南

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"Cocoa and Objective-C: Up and Running" 是一本由 Scott Stevenson 编著的关于苹果公司开发平台 Cocoa 和其编程语言 Objective-C 的详细介绍指南。该书出版于 2010 年，针对初学者和经验丰富的开发者，提供了对这两种技术深入且实用的教学。Cocoa 是一套基于 Mac OS X 操作系统的应用程序开发框架，它利用面向对象的编程思想，为创建高效、用户友好的图形用户界面 (GUI) 应用程序提供了强大支持。 Objective-C 是 Apple 设计的原生编程语言，它是 C 语言的一个超集，融合了 Smalltalk 的消息传递机制。本书旨在帮助读者掌握如何使用 Objective-C 语言编写高效、可维护的代码，并充分利用 Cocoa 框架提供的各种组件和工具来构建现代应用。书中内容包括但不限于： 1. **Cocoa 基础**：介绍 Cocoa 框架的核心概念，如 Foundation 框架、Core Data 数据模型、以及 NSView 和 NSViewController 等关键类的使用。 2. **Objective-C语法和编程技巧**：讲解变量、数据类型、控制结构、类和对象的概念，以及继承、封装和多态等面向对象编程特性。 3. **Cocoa 应用程序架构**：教授如何组织代码，设计模式的应用，以及如何利用 MVC (Model-View-Controller) 设计模式进行模块化开发。 4. **图形用户界面设计**：涵盖 nib 文件、故事板、约束与布局，以及如何创建自定义视图控制器和视图。 5. **网络编程与多线程**：介绍如何使用 Cocoa 进行网络通信，处理并发和多线程，确保应用程序性能。 6. **内存管理与性能优化**：讲解 Automatic Reference Counting (ARC) 和其他内存管理技术，以及如何避免常见的性能瓶颈。 7. **单元测试与调试**：提供在 Objective-C 中进行单元测试和调试的有效方法，确保代码质量。 8. **实战项目**：通过实际项目的例子，帮助读者将所学知识应用于实践中，提升开发技能。 "Cocoa and Objective-C: Up and Running" 不仅适合希望学习 Mac 开发的初学者，也对已经熟悉 C 语言但想深入了解 Cocoa 的程序员具有指导价值。随着 Apple 生态系统的持续发展，理解和掌握这两种技术对于任何想要在 iOS 和 macOS 开发领域取得成功的人来说都是必不可少的。

Chapter 11

Now that you’ve read through the book, you’re ready to write some apps. This

short chapter gives you a few last pointers to help you on your way.

Conventions Used in This Book

The following typographical conventions are used in this book:

Italic

Indicates new terms, URLs, email addresses, filenames, and file extensions.

Constant width

Used for program listings, as well as within paragraphs to refer to program elements

such as variable or function names, databases, data types, environment variables,

statements, and keywords.

Constant width bold

Shows commands or other text that should be typed literally by the user.

Constant width italic

Shows text that should be replaced with user-supplied values or by values deter-

mined by context.

This icon signifies a tip, suggestion, or general note.

This icon indicates a warning or caution.

Using Code Examples

This book is here to help you get your job done. In general, you may use the code in

this book in your programs and documentation. You do not need to contact us for

permission unless you’re reproducing a significant portion of the code. For example,

writing a program that uses several chunks of code from this book does not require

permission. Selling or distributing a CD-ROM of examples from O’Reilly books does

require permission. Answering a question by citing this book and quoting example

code does not require permission. Incorporating a significant amount of example code

from this book into your product’s documentation does require permission.

We appreciate, but do not require, attribution. An attribution usually includes the title,

author, publisher, and ISBN. For example: “Cocoa and Objective-C: Up and Running

xiv | Preface

For more information about our books, conferences, Resource Centers, and the

O’Reilly Network, see our website at:

http://www.oreilly.com

Acknowledgments

My education didn’t follow the normal path. I taught myself how to program and

learned how to run a business mostly by trial and error. In the end, I think this is the

only option that would have worked for me, but it was possible only because of my

extremely patient and understanding family: my mom, Peggy; my dad, Alan; and my

sister, Jamie. You would not be reading this now if it was not for their support.

There are so many people that have helped me in my work life, but there are a few that

have had a direct impact on this book.

Michael Lopp and Angela Muller were ongoing sources of encouragement and inspi-

ration. This book first came into being over lunch when Michael mentioned something

along the lines of “everyone wants an animal on the cover of their book,” referring to

the iconic O’Reilly covers. By incredible coincidence, Brian from O’Reilly emailed me

about two weeks later. Had Michael not made that comment, this might not have

happened.

I had world-class tech reviewers for this project: Joar Wingfors, Michael Jurewitz, Rob

Rhyne, and Tim Triemstra. Joar, who I originally met through the tutorials I posted

online, tirelessly reviewed an ever-changing book, provided a wealth of essential com-

ments and suggestions, and even helped me fix some bugs in the code. He’s one of the

most talented engineers I know, and I am thrilled to have been able to get his help on

this.

Though he wasn’t involved in this project, I owe a lot to John Mora. He has an ability

to look an impossibly large task in the face and just do it, despite the usual doubts about

whether you know enough or have enough time. It is one of the most impressive traits

I know of, and John has it in spades. Thankfully, I think some of that rubbed off on

me over the 15 years I’ve known him.

Thanks to Kip Krueger for patiently helping me figure out the low-level details of mem-

ory and offering pointers when I was learning C. His mentoring is the reason I’m able

to teach these topics to you now.

When I first started learning Cocoa, there were only two books out on the topic. I chose

Aaron Hillegass’s book Cocoa Programming for Mac OS X ( A d d i s o n - W e s l e y ) . N o t o n l y

was it the first Mac programming book I read, it was the first technical book I actually

enjoyed. His book proved to me that you could write in a direct and personal style and

still be taken seriously. Having spent time with him in person, I can also add that he’s

a great guy. There’s no doubt that his influence is weaved into the tutorials I’ve written.

xvi | Preface

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