低烧结温度下Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3-Zn2TiO4复合陶瓷的微结构与介电特性

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"这篇研究论文探讨了Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3-Zn2TiO4复合陶瓷材料的微结构与介电特性，这些材料在较低烧结温度（1200°C）下适用于可调谐器件的应用。" 在电子和材料科学领域，陶瓷材料因其独特的物理和化学性质而备受关注。本研究中，科研人员合成了一种新型的复合陶瓷材料——Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3-Zn2TiO4，它在相对较低的烧结温度下就能形成稳定的结构，这为降低生产成本和提高能源效率提供了可能。烧结是陶瓷制造过程中的关键步骤，通常需要高温，但该研究显示，通过调整合成工艺，可以将这一温度降至1200°C。 Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3（BST）是一种典型的铁电材料，具有高介电常数和良好的电性能，常用于电容器和可调谐电子设备。而Zn2TiO4的引入降低了材料的介电常数，同时也提高了材料的可调谐性。实验结果显示，通过控制Zn2TiO4的比例，介电常数可以从2500降低到83。这种介电常数的可调控性对于设计和优化可调谐器件至关重要，因为它直接影响到器件的工作频率和电能存储能力。微结构对陶瓷材料的性能影响显著。在这篇论文中，作者观察到Zn2TiO4和Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3在复合材料中可以和谐共存，形成了均匀的微观结构。这种微观结构的均匀性有助于改善材料的电性能，比如减少介电损耗和提高机械稳定性。同时，良好的相容性和均匀分布也使得复合材料在高温烧结过程中能保持稳定的形貌，避免了因相分离导致的性能退化。关键词包括“复合材料”、“电气”、“微结构”，这表明研究重点在于理解材料的组成、结构对其电性能的影响。此外，论文还涵盖了制备方法和材料的潜在应用，这对于开发新型电子元器件，特别是可调谐设备的研制具有重要指导意义。这篇研究论文详细介绍了如何通过调整Ba0.5Sr0.5TiO3和Zn2TiO4的比例，实现介电常数的调控，并在低温烧结条件下制备出具有优异介电特性的复合陶瓷材料，为未来电子器件的设计提供了新的思路。

Microstructures and dielectric properties of Ba

0.5

TiO

–Zn

TiO

composite

ceramics with low sintering temperature for tunable device applications

Xiujian Chou

, Zhenyu Zhao

, Wendong Zhang

, Jiwei Zhai

Key Laboratory of Instrumentation Science and Dynamic Measurement (North University of China), Ministry of Education,

National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Electronic Test and Measurement, Xueyuan Road 3, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province 030051, China

Functional Materials Research Laboratory, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai 200092, China

article info

Article history:

Received 20 January 2010

Accepted 4 March 2010

Available online 7 March 2010

Keywords:

A. Composites

E. Electrical

F. Microstructure

abstract

0.5

TiO

–Zn

TiO

composite ceramics with low dielectric constant and high tunability are fabricated

at a relatively low sintering temperature of 1200 °C via the conventional solid-state reaction route.

TiO

and Ba

0.5

TiO

can be friendly coexistent in the composite material system. The dielectric con-

stant is tailored from 2500 to 83 by manipulating the addition of Zn

TiO

content from 0 wt.% to 80 wt.%

weight ratio. The dielectric loss still keeps around 0.002 and the tunability is 10.3% under a DC-applied

electric ﬁeld of 30 kV/cm at 10 kHz for the 80 wt.% Zn

TiO

added Ba

0.5

TiO

composite ceramics.

These composite ceramics are promising candidates for multilayer low-temperature co-ﬁred ceramics

(LTCC) and potential tunable devices applications.

1. Introduction

Recently, ceramics multilayer structures with a low sintering

temperature for tunable microwave devices applications attract

considerable attention due to the potential for substantial minia-

turization of microwave components and integration with micro-

electronic circuits [1–3]. Barium strontium titanate (BST)

ferroelectrics with high dielectric non-linearity and low dissipation

factor have become one of the most promising materials to realize

tunable microwave device applications, such as tunable capacitors,

delay lines, ﬁlters, resonators and phase shifters [4,5]. However,

pure Ba

0.5

TiO

ferroelectric ceramics with high dielectric per-

mittivity have difﬁcultly satisfying the requirements of impedance

matching and high power. Meanwhile, they are not suitable for

multilayer structure ceramics co-ﬁring with cheaper base metal

electrodes because of high sintering temperature (>1350 °C or even

higher). Therefore, moderate dielectric permittivity ceramics with

high tunability, low dissipation factor and low sintering tempera-

ture are desired for multilayer structures tunable microwave de-

vice applications [6].

It has been intuitively believed that the dielectric and sintering

performance of BST ferroelectrics can be further manipulated and

improved by mixing them with low sintering temperature dielec-

trics. Zn

TiO

ceramics are the attractive dielectric properties ow-

ing to low dielectric permittivity (between 15 and 20), and

relatively low sintering temperature (below 1200 °C) [7–9]. In this

paper, Zn

TiO

non-ferroelectric materials, employed as the sec-

ondary phase, are introduced in Ba

0.5

TiO

ceramics to reduce

the sintering temperature and improve the dielectric properties.

The phase structures and dielectric non-linear characteristics of

0.5

TiO

–Zn

TiO

composite ceramics have been investigated.

The purpose of the present study are to ﬁnd a Ba

0.5

TiO

-based

composite material system with moderate dielectric permittivity,

low dissipation factor, high tunability and relatively low sintering

temperature for tunable microwave device applications.

2. Experimental procedure

Pure Ba

0.5

TiO

and Zn

TiO

powders were synthesized via

the conventional solid-state reaction, respectively, from BaTiO

(99.9%), SrTiO

(99.9%) and ZnO (99.0%), TiO

(99.9%) powders at

1100 °C for 4 h. Then, various amounts of Zn

TiO

(50, 60, 70,

and 80 wt.%) were added into the Ba

0.5

TiO

powder and mixed

using alcohol and zirconia balls milling media for 24 h. After dry-

ing, the obtained powder mix were pulverized with 8 wt.% polyvi-

nyl alcohol (PVA) binder and pressed into disk-shaped pellets

under 100 MPa. The green pellets of composite ceramics with 50,

60, 70, and 80 wt.% Zn

TiO

(termed as samples B–E) were sintered

at 1200 °C for 4 h in air and pure Ba

0.5

TiO

ceramics (termed as

sample A) were sintered at 1400 °C for 4 h in air.

X-ray diffraction (XRD) (Rigaku, Japan) with Cu K

radiation

was employed to characterize the phase structures. Scanning elec-

tron microscope (SEM) (JSM EMP-800) with energy dispersive

spectroscopy (EDS) was used to characterize the microstructure

and chemical component elements. The temperature dependent

doi:10.1016/j.matdes.2010.03.006

* Corresponding author. Fax: +86 351 3922131.

E-mail address: chouxiujian@nuc.edu.cn (X. Chou).

Materials and Design 31 (2010) 3703–3707

Contents lists available at ScienceDirect

Materials and Design

journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/matdes

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