USB4 1.0规范详解：20200504版含修订

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"USB4 1.0 with errata through 20200504 - REDLINE.pdf" 是一份关于USB4技术规范的详细文档，包含了自2019年8月第一版发布以来至2020年5月4日的所有错误修正和工程变更通知（ECN）。该文档由USB3.0 Promoter Group出版，并由包括Apple Inc., HP Inc., Intel Corporation, Microsoft Corporation, Renesas Corporation, STMicroelectronics和Texas Instruments在内的多家公司共同制定。 USB4是下一代高速数据传输标准，旨在提供更高的带宽、更快的数据传输速度和更灵活的连接性。这个规范的核心目标是通过采用Type-C连接器，实现最高达40Gbps的双向数据传输速率，这比USB 3.1 Gen 2的标准10Gbps有了显著提升。USB4不仅支持数据传输，还整合了DisplayPort和Thunderbolt 3协议，允许单一接口进行数据、视频和电源的传输，实现真正的多功能性。 USB4规范的采用者需签署USB4 Adopters Agreement，这给予他们使用与USB4兼容产品相关的知识产权的免费、合理且无歧视（RAND）许可。通过USB Implementers Forum（USB-IF）定义的测试程序，制造商可以证明其产品符合规范，从而获得使用USB-IF标志的特定权利。该文档中的"Errata and ECN"部分包含了自2019年8月首次发布以来发现的错误和需要更新的部分，这些修订和变更旨在确保所有USB4设备和配件的互操作性和稳定性。ECN（Engineering Change Notice）是针对设计或规格的更改通知，对于保持技术的最新状态至关重要。版本历史记录显示，USB4规范1.0版在2019年8月首次发布，然后在2020年6月更新，包含了截至2020年5月4日的所有错误修正和ECN。这表明USB4规范正在持续改进，以适应不断变化的技术需求和市场环境。 USB4 1.0 with errata through 20200504 - REDLINE.pdf 文件提供了关于USB4技术规范的全面信息，包括技术细节、合规性要求以及对早期版本的修正，对于设计和开发基于USB4的设备和解决方案的工程师来说是一份重要的参考资料。

Version 1.0  - xvi -  Universal Serial Bus 4 
June 2020    Specification 
Copyright © 2020 USB 3.0 Promoter Group.  All rights reserved. 
4.6.2  Disabled Adapter is not the Upstream Adapter ................................................. 152 
4.7  Time Sync Notification Ordered Set (TSNOS) ..................................................... 154 
5  Sleep and Wake ..................................................................................................................... 154 
5.1  Entry to Sleep .......................................................................................................... 155 
5.2  Behavior in Sleep State .......................................................................................... 156 
5.3  Wake Events ............................................................................................................ 157 
5.4  Exit from Sleep ........................................................................................................ 157 
6  Timing Parameters ............................................................................................................... 157 
Transport Layer ............................................................................................................................... 161 
1  Transport Layer Packets ...................................................................................................... 161 
1.1  Bit/Byte Conventions ............................................................................................. 161 
1.2  Format ...................................................................................................................... 161 
1.2.1  Header ............................................................................................................................. 162 
1.2.2  Payload Padding ........................................................................................................... 163 
1.2.3  Error Correction Code (ECC) ................................................................................... 163 
1.3  Transport Layer Packets ........................................................................................ 163 
1.3.1  Tunneled Packets ......................................................................................................... 163 
1.3.2  Control Packets ............................................................................................................. 164 
1.3.3  Link Management Packets ........................................................................................ 164 
1.4  Effect of Link State on Transport Layer Packets ................................................ 167 
1.5  Minimum Headers Gap ........................................................................................... 167 
2  Routing ................................................................................................................................... 168 
2.1  Adapter Numbering Rules...................................................................................... 168 
2.2  HopID Rules ............................................................................................................. 169 
2.3  Routing Tables ......................................................................................................... 170 
2.4  Routing Rules........................................................................................................... 171 
2.4.1  Control Packets ............................................................................................................. 171 
2.4.2  Link Management Packets ........................................................................................ 171 
2.4.3  Tunneled Packets ......................................................................................................... 172 
2.4.4  Routing Example .......................................................................................................... 172 
2.5  Connectivity Rules .................................................................................................. 173 
3  Quality of Service (QOS)....................................................................................................... 174 
3.1  Packet Ordering ....................................................................................................... 174 
3.2  Flow Control ............................................................................................................ 174 
3.2.1  Ingress Adapter ............................................................................................................ 175 
3.2.2  Egress Adapter .............................................................................................................. 180 
3.2.3  Credit Counter Synchronization ............................................................................. 181 
3.3  Bandwidth Arbitration and Priority ..................................................................... 182 
3.3.1  Scheduling ...................................................................................................................... 182 
3.4  Packet Forwarding Delay Jitter ............................................................................. 184 
4  Path Tear-down ..................................................................................................................... 184 
4.1  Egress Adapter ........................................................................................................ 184 
4.2  Ingress Adapter ....................................................................................................... 185 
5  Timing Parameters ............................................................................................................... 185 

Version 1.0  - xvii -  Universal Serial Bus 4 
June 2020    Specification 
Copyright © 2020 USB 3.0 Promoter Group.  All rights reserved. 
Configuration Layer ......................................................................................................................... 186 
1  Domain Topology .................................................................................................................. 186 
2  Router Addressing ................................................................................................................ 186 
3  Router States ......................................................................................................................... 188 
3.1  Uninitialized Unplugged State ............................................................................... 188 
3.2  Uninitialized Plugged State.................................................................................... 188 
3.3  Sleep State ................................................................................................................ 189 
3.4  Enumerated State .................................................................................................... 189 
4  Control Packet Protocol ....................................................................................................... 189 
4.1  Control Adapter ....................................................................................................... 189 
4.2  Control Packets ....................................................................................................... 189 
4.2.1  Bit/Byte Conventions ................................................................................................. 189 
4.2.2  Format ............................................................................................................................. 189 
4.2.3  Read Request ................................................................................................................. 190 
4.2.4  Read Response .............................................................................................................. 192 
4.2.5  Write Request ............................................................................................................... 193 
4.2.6  Write Response ............................................................................................................ 194 
4.2.7  Notification Packet ...................................................................................................... 195 
4.2.8  Notification Acknowledgement Packet ................................................................ 196 
4.2.9  Hot Plug Event Packet ................................................................................................ 197 
4.2.10  Inter-Domain Request ................................................................................................ 198 
4.2.11  Inter-Domain Response ............................................................................................. 199 
4.3  Control Packet Routing .......................................................................................... 200 
4.3.1  Upstream-Bound Packets .......................................................................................... 200 
4.3.2  Downstream-Bound Packets.................................................................................... 200 
4.3.3  Processing of Read and Write Requests ............................................................... 202 
4.4  Control Packet Reliability ...................................................................................... 203 
5  Notification Events ............................................................................................................... 204 
6  Notification Acknowledgement ........................................................................................... 204 
7  Router Enumeration ............................................................................................................. 205 
8  Hot Plug and Hot Unplug Events ......................................................................................... 206 
8.1  Router Hot Plug ....................................................................................................... 207 
8.1.1  Enumerated Routers ................................................................................................... 207 
8.1.2  Uninitialized Routers .................................................................................................. 207 
8.1.3  Hot Plugged Router ..................................................................................................... 207 
8.2  Router Hot Unplug .................................................................................................. 207 
8.2.1  Hot Unplug on the Upstream Facing Port ............................................................ 207 
8.2.2  Hot Unplug on a Downstream Facing Port .......................................................... 208 
9  Downstream Facing Port Reset ........................................................................................... 208 
10  Timing Parameters ............................................................................................................... 208 
Time Synchronization ..................................................................................................................... 209 
1  Time Synchronization Architecture ................................................................................... 209 
1.1  Synchronization Hierarchy .................................................................................... 209 

Version 1.0  - xviii -  Universal Serial Bus 4 
June 2020    Specification 
Copyright © 2020 USB 3.0 Promoter Group.  All rights reserved. 
1.1.1  Intra-Domain Hierarchy ............................................................................................ 209 
1.1.2  Inter-Domain Hierarchy ............................................................................................ 210 
1.2  Time Sync Parameters ............................................................................................ 210 
1.2.1  Local Time ...................................................................................................................... 210 
1.2.2  Time Offset ..................................................................................................................... 211 
1.2.3  Frequency Offset .......................................................................................................... 211 
2  Time Stamp Measurement ................................................................................................... 212 
2.1  Asymmetry Corrections ......................................................................................... 212 
3  Time Sync Protocol ............................................................................................................... 213 
3.1  Time Sync Handshake ............................................................................................. 213 
3.1.1  Bi-Directional Time Sync Handshake .................................................................... 214 
3.1.2  Uni-Directional Time Sync Handshake ................................................................. 218 
3.2  Inter-Domain Time Sync ........................................................................................ 220 
3.3  Packet Formats ........................................................................................................ 222 
3.3.1  Time Sync Notification Ordered Set Format ....................................................... 222 
3.3.2  Follow-Up Packet Format ......................................................................................... 222 
3.3.3  Inter-Domain Time Stamp Packet .......................................................................... 224 
4  Time Computations............................................................................................................... 225 
4.1  Intra-Domain Equations ......................................................................................... 227 
4.2  Inter-Domain Equations ......................................................................................... 229 
4.2.1  Inter-Domain Time Stamp Computation ............................................................. 230 
4.2.2  Inter-Domain Frequency Offset Computation.................................................... 230 
4.2.3  Inter-Domain Time Offset Computation .............................................................. 231 
4.2.4  Grandmaster Time Computation ............................................................................ 232 
4.3  Filtering .................................................................................................................... 233 
5  Time Synchronization Accuracy Requirements ................................................................ 234 
5.1  Paired Measurement ............................................................................................... 234 
5.2  Standalone Measurement....................................................................................... 234 
5.3  Measuring Method .................................................................................................. 235 
5.4  Accuracy Parameters .............................................................................................. 236 
6  Software Configuration ........................................................................................................ 237 
6.1  Intra-Domain Time Synchronization Setup ......................................................... 237 
6.2  Inter-Domain Time Synchronization Setup ......................................................... 237 
6.3  Post Time Mechanism ............................................................................................. 237 
6.4  Time Disruption Bit ................................................................................................ 238 
Configuration Spaces ....................................................................................................................... 239 
1  Configuration Fields Access Types ..................................................................................... 239 
2  Configuration Spaces ............................................................................................................ 239 
2.1  Router Configuration Space ................................................................................... 240 
2.1.1  Basic Configuration Registers .................................................................................. 242 
2.1.2  TMU Router Configuration Capability .................................................................. 249 
2.1.3  Vendor Specific Capability (VSC) ............................................................................ 256 
2.1.4  Vendor Specific Extended Capability (VSEC) ..................................................... 257 

Version 1.0  - xix -  Universal Serial Bus 4 
June 2020    Specification 
Copyright © 2020 USB 3.0 Promoter Group.  All rights reserved. 
2.2  Adapter Configuration Space................................................................................. 258 
2.2.1  Basic Configuration Registers .................................................................................. 260 
2.2.2  TMU Adapter Configuration Capability ................................................................ 264 
2.2.3  Lane Adapter Configuration Capability ................................................................ 266 
2.2.4  USB4 Port Capability................................................................................................... 271 
2.2.5  USB3 Adapter Configuration Capability ............................................................... 277 
2.2.6  DP Adapter Configuration Capability .................................................................... 279 
2.2.7  PCIe Adapter Configuration Capability................................................................. 290 
2.3  Path Configuration Space ....................................................................................... 291 
2.3.1  Path 0 Entry ................................................................................................................... 292 
2.3.2  Lane Adapters ............................................................................................................... 292 
2.3.3  Protocol Adapters ........................................................................................................ 294 
2.3.4  Path Configuration Space Access ............................................................................ 296 
2.4  Counters Configuration Space ............................................................................... 298 
3  Operations.............................................................................................................................. 299 
3.1  Router Operations ................................................................................................... 299 
3.1.1  DP Tunneling Operations .......................................................................................... 301 
3.1.2  NVM Operations ........................................................................................................... 303 
3.1.3  Router Discovery Operations................................................................................... 309 
3.1.4  Port Control Operations ............................................................................................ 315 
3.2  Port Operations ....................................................................................................... 316 
3.2.1  Compliance Port Operations .................................................................................... 317 
3.2.2  Service Port Operations ............................................................................................. 327 
3.2.3  Receiver Lane Margining Port Operations .......................................................... 328 
USB3 Tunneling ................................................................................................................................ 338 
1  USB3 Adapter Layer.............................................................................................................. 339 
1.1  Encapsulation .......................................................................................................... 339 
1.1.1  LFPS Encapsulation ..................................................................................................... 340 
1.1.2  Ordered Set Encapsulation ....................................................................................... 343 
1.1.3  Link Command Encapsulation ................................................................................. 345 
1.1.4  Idle Symbols .................................................................................................................. 345 
1.1.5  LMP Encapsulation ...................................................................................................... 345 
1.1.6  TP Encapsulation ......................................................................................................... 346 
1.1.7  ITP Encapsulation ........................................................................................................ 346 
1.1.8  Data Packet (DP) Encapsulation ............................................................................. 347 
1.2  Bandwidth Negotiation .......................................................................................... 349 
1.3  Timing Parameters ................................................................................................. 351 
2  Internal USB3 Device ............................................................................................................ 351 
2.1  Link Layer ................................................................................................................ 352 
2.1.1  Link Training and Status State Machine (LTSSM) ............................................ 352 
2.1.2  Timers and Timeouts.................................................................................................. 352 

Version 1.0  - xx -  Universal Serial Bus 4 
June 2020    Specification 
Copyright © 2020 USB 3.0 Promoter Group.  All rights reserved. 
2.2  USB3 Protocol Layer ............................................................................................... 353 
2.3  Descriptors............................................................................................................... 353 
3  Paths ....................................................................................................................................... 353 
3.1  Path Setup ................................................................................................................ 353 
3.2  Path Teardown ........................................................................................................ 354 
DisplayPort™ Tunneling.................................................................................................................. 355 
1  DP Adapter Protocol Stack................................................................................................... 355 
1.1  Transport Layer ...................................................................................................... 356 
1.2  Protocol Adapter Layer .......................................................................................... 356 
1.3  DP Physical Layer .................................................................................................... 356 
2  DP Adapter States ................................................................................................................. 356 
2.1  Reset ......................................................................................................................... 357 
2.2  Present ...................................................................................................................... 357 
2.3  Plugged ..................................................................................................................... 358 
2.4  Paired ........................................................................................................................ 358 
3  Interfaces ............................................................................................................................... 358 
3.1  DisplayPort .............................................................................................................. 358 
3.1.1  LTTPR Non-Transparent ........................................................................................... 359 
3.1.2  Non-LTTPR..................................................................................................................... 359 
3.1.3  LTTPR Transparent ..................................................................................................... 360 
3.2  Programming Model ............................................................................................... 360 
3.2.1  Adapter Configuration Space ................................................................................... 360 
3.2.2  Path Configuration Space .......................................................................................... 360 
3.3  Hot Plug and Hot Removal Events ........................................................................ 361 
3.3.1  DP OUT Adapters ......................................................................................................... 361 
3.3.2  DP IN Adapters ............................................................................................................. 361 
3.4  DisplayPort Over USB4 Fabric .............................................................................. 363 
3.4.1  DisplayPort Data Packet Types ............................................................................... 363 
3.4.2  AUX Path Packet ........................................................................................................... 363 
3.4.3  Main-Link Path Packet Formats .............................................................................. 371 
4  System Flows ......................................................................................................................... 371 
4.1  Connection Manager Discovery............................................................................. 371 
4.2  Path Configuration .................................................................................................. 373 
4.2.1  Setup................................................................................................................................. 373 
4.2.2  Tear-down ...................................................................................................................... 374 
4.3  HPD Event Propagation .......................................................................................... 375 
4.3.1  HPD Plug ......................................................................................................................... 375 
4.3.2  HPD Unplug .................................................................................................................... 375 
4.3.3  IRQ .................................................................................................................................... 375 
4.3.4  HPD Delay Requirements .......................................................................................... 375 
4.3.5  Manual HPD Control ................................................................................................... 376 
4.4  AUX Request and Response Handling .................................................................. 376 
4.4.1  LTTPR Non-Transparent Mode ............................................................................... 376 

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