基于单片机的伺服电机转速控制系统设计及PID算法应用

The traditional DC drive system of SCR uses analog electronic circuits, with the trigger of the thyristor mostly composed of discrete components. This results in a complex hardware setup, difficult installation and debugging, and a relatively high failure rate. In response to the shortcomings of the traditional SCR DC drive system, a design method for a servo motor speed control system based on a single chip microcontroller is proposed in this document. The design also introduces the PID control algorithm. The AT89C52 microcontroller is used as the control chip, with a PI (Proportional-Integral) control algorithm as the basis. The system generates a pulse width modulation signal with controllable duty cycle through software programming, and then controls the armature voltage of the servo motor through a power amplification circuit H-bridge driver circuit to adjust the speed of the servo motor, achieving good control performance. Furthermore, the speed of the servo motor is set through a 4*4 keypad input, and the speed is measured using a photoelectric encoder and displayed on a 4-digit LED display. Key words: DC speed control; PID control algorithm; AT89C52; pulse width modulation; servo motor.