MySQLConnector/C++使用指南

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"这是关于MySQL Connector/C++的使用指南，涵盖了从源代码安装、连接到MySQL服务器、执行查询、使用预处理语句等多个方面。" MySQL Connector/C++是MySQL数据库系统的一个重要组件，它提供了一个C++接口，允许开发人员用C++语言与MySQL服务器进行通信。这份文档详细介绍了如何使用和配置MySQL Connector/C++，对于C++开发者来说是不可或缺的参考资料。首先，文档在"Installing MySQL Connector/C++ from Source"部分中详细讲解了如何在不同的操作系统上（如Unix、Solaris、MacOS X和Windows）从源代码编译和构建MySQL Connector/C++。这包括设置环境变量、配置构建选项以及执行编译和安装步骤。接着，针对那些不希望从源代码编译的用户，"Installing the MySQL Connector/C++ Binary"章节提供了二进制版本的安装指南，使得安装过程更为简单快速。在"Getting Started: Usage Examples"部分，开发者可以找到一系列的入门示例，例如"Connecting to MySQL"展示了如何创建数据库连接，"Running a simple query"则演示了如何执行基本的SQL查询，"Fetching results"解释了如何获取和处理查询结果。此外，"Using Prepared Statements"章节详细阐述了预处理语句的使用，这是防止SQL注入和提高性能的有效方法。最后，两个完整的示例代码1和2分别展示了MySQL Connector/C++在实际项目中的应用。 "Debug Tracing"章节提供了关于如何启用和使用调试追踪的信息，这对于在开发过程中定位问题和优化性能非常有用。 "Usage Notes"部分包含了使用MySQL Connector/C++时需要注意的事项，可能包含兼容性问题、性能建议和其他重要提示。 "Known Bugs and Issues"章节列出了已知的问题和潜在的故障，帮助开发者避免遇到这些问题或理解如何解决它们。最后，"Feature requests"章节鼓励用户提出他们希望看到的新功能或改进，以便于MySQL团队后续的开发工作。这份指南是C++开发者使用MySQL数据库的宝贵资源，它提供了全面的指导，帮助开发者高效地集成和操作MySQL数据库。

If all goes well, you will find the MySQL Connector/C++ library in /path/to/cppconn/libmysqlcppconn.so.

3. Finally make sure the header and library files are installed to their correct locations:

make install

Unless you have changed this in the configuration step, the header files are copied to the directory /usr/local/include. The

header files copied are mysql_connection.h and mysql_driver.h.

Again, unless you have specified otherwise, the library files are copied to /usr/local/lib. The files copied are libmysql-

cppconn.so, the dynamic library, and libmysqlcppconn-static.a, the static library.

If you encounter any errors, please first carry out the checks shown below:

1. CMake options: MySQL installation path, debug version and more

In case of configuration or compilation problems, check the list of CMake options:

shell> me@host:/path/to/mysql-connector-cpp> cmake -L

[...]

CMAKE_BACKWARDS_COMPATIBILITY:STRING=2.4

CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=

CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr/local

EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH:PATH=

LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH:PATH=

MYSQLCPPCONN_GCOV_ENABLE:BOOL=0

MYSQLCPPCONN_TRACE_ENABLE:BOOL=0

MYSQL_CONFIG_EXECUTABLE:FILEPATH=/usr/bin/mysql_config

For example, if your MySQL Server installation path is not /usr/local/mysql and you want to build a debug version of the

MySQL Connector/C++, use:

shell> me@host:/path/to/mysql-connector-cpp> cmake »

-D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=Debug »

-D MYSQL_CONFIG_EXECUTABLE=/path/to/my/mysql/server/bin/mysql_config .

2. Verify your settings with cmake -L:

shell> me@host:/path/to/mysql-connector-cpp> cmake -L

[...]

CMAKE_BACKWARDS_COMPATIBILITY:STRING=2.4

CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE:STRING=

CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX:PATH=/usr/local

EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH:PATH=

LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH:PATH=

MYSQLCPPCONN_GCOV_ENABLE:BOOL=0

MYSQLCPPCONN_TRACE_ENABLE:BOOL=0

MYSQL_CONFIG_EXECUTABLE=/path/to/my/mysql/server/bin/mysql_config

Proceed by carrying out a make clean command followed by a make command, as described above.

Once you have installed MySQL Connector/C++ you can carry out a quick test to check the installation. To do this you can compile and

run one of the example programs, such as examples/standalone_example.cpp. This example is discussed in more detail later,

but for now you can use it to test the connector has been correctly installed. This procedure assumes you have a working MySQL Server

that you can connect to.

1. First compile the example. To do this change to the examples directory and type:

shell> g++ -o test_install -I/usr/local/include -I/usr/local/include/cppconn -Wl,-Bdynamic -lmysqlcppconn standalone_example.cpp

2. Make sure the dynamic library which is used in this case can be found at runtime:

shell> export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib

Installing MySQL Connector/C++ from Source

3. Now run the program to test your installation, substituting the appropriate host, user, password and database names for your sys-

tem:

./test_install localhost root password database

You will see something similar to the following:

Connector/C++ standalone program example...

... running 'SELECT 'Welcome to Connector/C++' AS _message'

... MySQL replies: Welcome to Connector/C++

... say it again, MySQL

....MySQL replies: Welcome to Connector/C++

... find more at http://www.mysql.com

If you see any errors, take note of them and go through the troubleshooting procedures discussed earlier.

2.2. Building MySQL Connector/C++ from Source on Windows

Note

Please note the only compiler formally supported for Windows is Microsoft Visual Studio 2003 and above.

The basic steps for building the connector on Windows are the same as for Unix. It is important to use CMake 2.6.2 or newer to gener-

ate build files for your compiler and to invoke the compiler.

Note

On Windows, mysql_config is not present, so CMake will attempt to retrieve the location of MySQL from the envir-

onment variable $ENV{MYSQL_DIR}. If MYSQL_DIR is not set, CMake will then proceed to check for MySQL in the

following locations: $ENV{ProgramFiles}/MySQL/*/include, and

$ENV{SystemDrive}/MySQL/*/include.

CMake makes it easy for you to try other compilers. However, you may experience compile warnings, compile errors or linking issues

not detected by Visual Studio. Patches are gratefully accepted to fix issues with other compilers.

Consult the CMake manual or check cmake --help to find out which build systems are supported by your CMake version:

C:\>cmake --help

cmake version 2.6-patch 2

Usage

[...]

Generators

The following generators are available on this platform:

Borland Makefiles = Generates Borland makefiles.

MSYS Makefiles = Generates MSYS makefiles.

MinGW Makefiles = Generates a make file for use with

mingw32-make.

NMake Makefiles = Generates NMake makefiles.

Unix Makefiles = Generates standard UNIX makefiles.

Visual Studio 6 = Generates Visual Studio 6 project files.

Visual Studio 7 = Generates Visual Studio .NET 2002 project

files.

Visual Studio 7 .NET 2003 = Generates Visual Studio .NET 2003 project

files.

Visual Studio 8 2005 = Generates Visual Studio .NET 2005 project

files.

Visual Studio 8 2005 Win64 = Generates Visual Studio .NET 2005 Win64

project files.

Visual Studio 9 2008 = Generates Visual Studio 9 2008 project fil

Visual Studio 9 2008 Win64 = Generates Visual Studio 9 2008 Win64 proje

files.

[...]

It is likely that your CMake binary will support more compilers, known by CMake as generators, than supported by MySQL Connect-

or/C++. We have built the connector using the following generators:

• Microsoft Visual Studio 8 (Visual Studio 2005)

• Microsoft Visual Studio 9 (Visual Studio 2008, Visual Studio 2008 Express)

Installing MySQL Connector/C++ from Source

• NMake

Please see the building instructions for Unix, Solaris and Mac OS X for troubleshooting and configuration hints.

The steps to build the connector are given below:

1. Run CMake to generate build files for your generator:

Visual Studio

C:\path_to_mysql_cpp>cmake -G "Visual Studio 9 2008"

-- Check for working C compiler: cl

-- Check for working C compiler: cl -- works

-- Detecting C compiler ABI info

-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done

-- Check for working CXX compiler: cl

-- Check for working CXX compiler: cl -- works

-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info

-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done

-- ENV{MYSQL_DIR} =

-- MySQL Include dir: C:/Programme/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/include

-- MySQL Library : C:/Progams/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/lib/opt/mysqlclient.lib

-- MySQL Library dir: C:/Progams/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/lib/opt

-- MySQL CFLAGS:

-- MySQL Link flags:

-- MySQL Include dir: C:/Progams/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/include

-- MySQL Library dir: C:/Progams/MySQL/MySQL Server 5.1/lib/opt

-- MySQL CFLAGS:

-- MySQL Link flags:

-- Configuring cppconn

-- Configuring test cases

-- Looking for isinf

-- Looking for isinf - not found

-- Looking for isinf

-- Looking for isinf - not found.

-- Looking for finite

-- Looking for finite - not found.

-- Configuring C/J junit tests port

-- Configuring examples

-- Configuring done

-- Generating done

-- Build files have been written to: C:\path_to_mysql_cpp

C:\path_to_mysql_cpp>dir *.sln *.vcproj

[...]

19.11.2008 12:16 23.332 MYSQLCPPCONN.sln

[...]

19.11.2008 12:16 27.564 ALL_BUILD.vcproj

19.11.2008 12:16 27.869 INSTALL.vcproj

19.11.2008 12:16 28.073 PACKAGE.vcproj

19.11.2008 12:16 27.495 ZERO_CHECK.vcproj

NMake

C:\path_to_mysql_cpp>cmake -G "NMake Makefiles"

-- The C compiler identification is MSVC

-- The CXX compiler identification is MSVC

[...]

-- Build files have been written to: C:\path_to_mysql_cpp

2. Use your compiler to build MySQL Connector/C++

Visual Studio - GUI

Open the newly generated project files in the Visual Studio GUI or use a Visual Studio command line to build the driver. The

project files contain a variety of different configurations. Among them debug and nondebug versions.

Visual Studio - NMake

C:\path_to_mysql_cpp>nmake

Microsoft (R) Program Maintenance Utility Version 9.00.30729.01

Scanning dependencies of target mysqlcppconn

[ 2%] Building CXX object driver/CMakeFiles/mysqlcppconn.dir/mysql_connection.obj

mysql_connection.cpp

[...]

Linking CXX executable statement.exe

[100%] Built target statement

Installing MySQL Connector/C++ from Source

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