"RTCA DO-220A-2016：机载气象雷达系统MOPS附录1"

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RTCA DO-220A-2016 is a minimum operational performance standard (MOPS) for airborne weather radar systems. This standard, which supersedes DO-173, was prepared by the SC-230 and published by RTCA, Inc. on March 17, 2016. The document outlines the essential performance requirements for weather radar systems installed on aircraft. The purpose of RTCA DO-220A-2016 is to establish a set of minimum performance standards that weather radar systems must meet in order to ensure safe and efficient operation in various weather conditions. These standards are designed to provide guidance for manufacturers, operators, and regulatory authorities in the certification, installation, and use of airborne weather radar systems. One of the key features of RTCA DO-220A-2016 is its inclusion of access to additional content, which allows for a more comprehensive understanding of the operational performance standards for airborne weather radar systems. This supplemental information enhances the overall utility of the document and provides additional guidance for stakeholders in the aviation industry. The issuance of DO-220A underscores the importance of ensuring that weather radar systems on aircraft meet minimum performance standards to effectively detect and navigate through hazardous weather conditions. By adhering to these standards, manufacturers and operators can mitigate the risks associated with adverse weather and enhance the safety of flight operations. In conclusion, RTCA DO-220A-2016 sets forth the minimum operational performance standards for airborne weather radar systems and provides access to additional content to support the implementation of these standards. This document plays a crucial role in promoting the safety and reliability of weather radar systems in aviation, and it is an essential resource for stakeholders involved in the development, certification, and operation of these systems.

1.8 References

Items marked with an asterisk (*) may be found with the latest revision of TSO-C63 on the

FAA internet website “Regulatory and Guidance Library” at http://rgl.faa.gov.

1.8.1 General

Unless otherwise indicated, the latest revisions of the listed documents apply.

[G-1] RTCA/DO-155, Minimum Performance Standards for Airborne Low-Range

Radar Altimeters

[G-2] RTCA/DO-213, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Nose-

Mounted Radomes.

[G-3] AC 20-68, Recommended Radiation Safety Precautions for Ground Operation

of Airborne Weather Radar

[G-4] AC 20-115, Airborne Software Assurance

[G-5] AC 20-152, RTCA, Inc., Document RTCA/DO-254, Design Assurance

Guidance for Airborne Electronic Hardware

[G-6] AC 20-182, Airworthiness Approval for Aircraft Weather Radar Systems

[G-7] AC 25-11, Electronic Flight Deck Displays

[G-8] AC 23.1309-1, System Safety Analysis and Assessment for Part 23 Airplanes

[G-9] AC 25.1309-1, System Design and Analysis

[G-10] AC 27-1, Certification of Normal Category Rotorcraft

[G-11] AC 29-2, Certification of Transport Category Rotorcraft

[G-12] AC 25.1322-1, Flightcrew Alerting

[G-13] ARINC 708A, Airborne Weather Radar with Forward Looking Windshear

Detection Capability

[G-14] TSO-C63, Airborne Weather Radar Equipment

[G-15] DOT/FAA/CT-96/01, Human Factors Design Guide Update (Report Number

DOT/FAA/CT-96/01): A Revision to Chapter 8 - Human Interface Guidelines.

This document can be accessed on the Internet at http:\\www.hf.faa.gov.

[G-16] Federal Communications Commission OET Bulletin 65, Evaluating

Compliance with FCC Guidelines for Human Exposure to Radiofrequency

Electromagnetic Fields

[G-17] IEEE standard C95.1, IEEE Standard for Safety Levels with respect to Human

Exposure to Radio Frequency Electromagnetic Fields, 3 kHz to 300 GHz

[G-18] Skolnik, M. I., Introduction to Radar Systems, McGraw Hill, 1962

[G-19] Skolnik, M.I. (ed), Radar Handbook, 1970

1.8.2 Windshear Detection

[W-1] Arbuckle, P. Douglas, Michael S. Lewis, and David A. Hinton, Airborne

Systems Technology Application to the Windshear Threat. Proceedings of

the 20th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical

Sciences, Sorrento, Italy, 1996. Paper Number ICAS-96-5.7.1

Provided by IHS under license with RTCA, Inc.

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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[W-2] Bowles, Roland L., Reducing Windshear Risk through Airborne Systems

Technology, Proceedings of the 17th Congress of the International Council

of the Aeronautical Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden, 1990. Paper Number

ICAS-90-1.9.3.

[W-3] *Britt, C. L., Detection and False Alert Probabilities for the NASA Airborne

Pulsed Doppler Windshear Radar, NASA Contract NAS1-18925, Task

Assignment No. 24, March 1993

[W-4] Doviak, R. J. and D. S Zrnic, Doppler Radar and Weather Observations, 2

ed. Academic Press, Inc., New York. 1993

[W-5] Proctor, Fred H., David A. Hinton, and Roland L. Bowles, A Windshear

Hazard Index; AMS 9th Conference on Aviation, Range and Aerospace

Meteorology, Paper: 7.7, pages 482-487, 11-15 September 2000, Orlando,

Florida

[W-6] *Switzer, G. F., F. H. Proctor, D. A. Hinton, and J. V. Aanstoos, Windshear

Database for Forward-Looking Systems Certification, NASA Contract NAS1-

18925, Task Assignment No. 26, NASA Technical Memorandum 109012,

November 1993

[W-7] Vicroy, Dan D., Microburst vertical wind estimation from horizontal wind

measurements, 1994, NASA Technical Paper 3460, December 1994. Errata

NASA Technical Paper 3460, issued June 1999

[W-8] Wonnacott, T. H. and R. J. Wonnacott, Introductory Statistics, John Wiley &

Sons, New York, 1969

[W-9] *NASA Windshear Database Models, NASA Langley Research Center

[W-10] *ADWRS, Airborne Doppler Weather Radar Simulation program, NASA

Langley Research Center. If this item is not available on the FAA RGL

website, contact NASA directly at Software Release Authority, NASA

Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA 23681-2199

1.8.3 Turbulence Detection

[T-1] *Bowles, Roland L. and Bill K. Buck, A Methodology for Determining

Statistical Performance Compliance for Airborne Doppler Radar with

Forward-Looking Turbulence Detection Capability, NASA/CR-2009-215769

"Corrected Copy", 2009

[T-2] *NASA Turbulence Event Scenarios, NASA Langley Research Center

NASA developed the initial version of ADWRS in FORTRAN. They continue to refine and develop this

simulation, including versions in other computer languages. Submit any requests for this software in

computer languages other than FORTRAN directly to NASA. NASA will provide source code in the

requested computer language if it has already been developed and is available for release.

Provided by IHS under license with RTCA, Inc.

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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2 EQUIPMENT PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS AND TEST PROCEDURES

2.1 General Requirements

The following general requirements apply to the airborne equipment. General equipment

requirements need not be tested in the test procedure subsection.

2.1.1 Airworthiness

In the design and manufacturer of the equipment, the equipment manufacturer shall

provide for installation so as not to impair the airworthiness of the aircraft.

2.1.2 Intended Function

The equipment shall perform its intended function(s), as defined by the radar system

manufacturer, and its proper use shall not create a hazard to other users of the National

Airspace System. See Subsections 1.3 and 1.4 for descriptions.

The radar manufacturer shall provide a clear description of each included function.

2.1.3 Federal Communications Commission Rules

All equipment shall comply with the applicable rules of the Federal Communication

Commission.

2.1.4 Fire Protection

All materials used shall be self-extinguishing except for small parts (such as knobs,

fasteners, seals, grommets and small electrical parts) that would not contribute significantly

to the propagation of a fire.

Note: One means of showing compliance is contained in 14 CFR Part 25, Appendix F.

2.1.5 Operation of Controls

The equipment shall be designed so that controls intended for use during flight cannot be

operated in any position, combination, or sequence that would result in a condition

detrimental to the reliability of the equipment or operation of the aircraft.

2.1.6 Accessibility of Controls

Controls that do not require adjustment during flight shall be protected so that they cannot

be inadvertent changed by flight personnel.

2.1.7 Radome Design

RTCA/DO-213, Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Nose-Mounted

Radomes provides minimum operational performance standards for the Radome. The radar

manufacturer shall specify the minimum DO-213 radome transmission efficiency class

required for their system to meet the requirements of this MOPS.

To provide margin for potential radome degradation between radome maintenance cycles,

the radar manufacturer shall test the windshear function to one class poorer than the

specified minimum radome transmission efficiency class.

2.1.8 Equipment Interface Tolerances

The radar manufacturer shall specify any required accuracy or tolerance limitations for

equipment that interfaces with the radar system.

Provided by IHS under license with RTCA, Inc.

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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2.1.9 Heading vs. Track frame of reference discussion

For several optional features in this document, the angular display extent requirements are

defined with reference to the longitudinal axis. However, unless otherwise specified, track

may be used as a frame of reference instead of longitudinal axis. The frame of reference

used should be clear and unambiguous. If track is used the feature should be tested with a

minimum drift angle of ± 15 degrees.

2.1.10 Effects of Test

The equipment shall be designed so that the application of the specified test procedures is

not detrimental to equipment performance following the application of the tests, except as

specifically allowed.

2.1.11 Design Assurance

The Design Assurance Levels (DAL) should be adequate to mitigate the failure

classification appropriate to the contribution of the equipment to the aircraft level failure

in the aircraft in which it is to be installed. The latest revisions of Advisory Circulars

AC 23.1309-1 [G-8], AC 25.1309-1 [G-9], AC 27-1 [G-10], and AC 29-2 [G-11] provide

a basis for the safety assessment to be performed to evaluate the effects of the loss or

malfunction of these functions.

For the equipment computer software package, follow the guidelines contained in AC 20-

115C, Airborne Software Assurance [G-3].

Guidelines for certification of Airborne Electronic Hardware (AEH) are contained in AC

20-152, RTCA, Inc., Document RTCA/Do-254, Design Assurance Guidance for Airborne

Electronic Hardware [G-5].

2.1.12 Understandability of Displayed Information

The systems described in this document can include multiple functions and capabilities. In

all cases, the information provided on the display should be clear to the flight crew. This

applies to both automatic and manual operation. Clarity can be accomplished through

display annunciations, control panel selections, training materials, aircraft flight crew

operations manuals, or other means.

Provided by IHS under license with RTCA, Inc.

No reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS

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