探索编程之美：《Beautiful_Code》深度解析

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"《Beautiful Code》是一本由Andy和Greg Wilson编著的关于代码美学和技术深度的作品，它探讨了编写高质量、优雅和高效的代码的艺术。这本书不仅包含了编程技巧和设计模式的精华，如《HeadFirst Design Patterns》和《HeadFirst Object-Oriented Analysis & Design》，还涵盖了项目管理的最佳实践，比如《Applied Software Project Management》和《The Art of Project Management》。读者可以从中学习如何通过《Database in Depth》深入理解数据库系统，以及如何利用《Mastering Regular Expressions》精通正则表达式。此外，书籍的作者还强调了创新的重要性，提到了《The Mythos of Innovation》和《Refactoring》这两本书，展示了如何通过重构提升代码质量。对于那些关注业务流程优化的人，《Essential Business Process Modeling》提供了关键的工具和方法论。《Beautiful Code》不仅仅是一本教科书，它还与O'Reilly出版社紧密关联。O'Reilly出版社不仅提供完整的图书目录，包括其在线资源oreilly.com，这个平台汇集了新闻、活动、文章、博客、章节样本和代码示例，是开发者探索新技术和开源系统的重要门户。对于那些对新兴技术和平台感兴趣的人来说，oreillynet.com是不可或缺的资源。 O'Reilly举办的各类会议，如conferences.oreilly.com，汇聚了来自不同领域的创新者，共同推动行业的变革，通过文档化最新工具和技术，将创新者的知识转化为实用技能，为一线开发人员提供支持。另外，SafariBookshelf（safari.oreilly.com）作为程序员和IT专业人士的首选在线参考库，提供了丰富的在线内容，方便随时查阅。《Beautiful Code》是一本集理论与实践、艺术与技术于一体的书籍，旨在帮助读者提升代码编写技巧，理解和应用先进的项目管理理念，并紧跟技术发展趋势，从而在IT领域取得成功。"

Chapter

Foreword

Greg Wilson

GOT MY FIRST JOB AS A PROGRAMMER IN THE SUMMER OF 1982. Two weeks after I started, one of

the system administrators loaned me Kernighan and Plauger’s The Elements of Programming

Style (McGraw-Hill) and Wirth’s Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs (Prentice Hall).

They were a revelation—for the first time, I saw that programs could be more than just

instructions for computers. They could be as elegant as well-made kitchen cabinets, as

graceful as a suspension bridge, or as eloquent as one of George Orwell’s essays.

Time and again since that summer, I have heard people bemoan the fact that our profes-

sion doesn’t teach students to see this. Architects are taught to look at buildings, and com-

posers study one another’s scores, but programmers—they look at each other’s work only

when there’s a bug to fix; even then, they try to look at as little as possible. We tell stu-

dents to use sensible variable names, introduce them to some basic design patterns, and

then wonder why so much of what they write is so ugly.

This book is our attempt to fix this. In May 2006, I asked some well-known (and not so

well-known) software designers to dissect and discuss the most beautiful piece of code

they knew. As this book shows, they have found beauty in many different places. For

xviii PREFACE

Chapter 2, Subversion’s Delta Editor: Interface As Ontology, by Karl Fogel, starts with a well-

chosen abstraction and demonstrates its unifying effects on the system’s further

development.

Chapter 3, The Most Beautiful Code I Never Wrote, by Jon Bentley, suggests how to measure a

procedure without actually executing it.

Chapter 4, Finding Things, by Tim Bray, draws together many strands in Computer Science

in an exploration of a problem that is fundamental to many computing tasks.

Chapter 5, Correct, Beautiful, Fast (in That Order): Lessons from Designing XML Verifiers, by

Elliotte Rusty Harold, reconciles the often conflicting goals of thoroughness and good

performance.

Chapter 6, Framework for Integrated Test: Beauty Through Fragility, by Michael Feathers,

presents an example that breaks the rules and achieves its own elegant solution.

Chapter 7, Beautiful Tests, by Alberto Savoia, shows how a broad, creative approach to test-

ing can not only eliminate bugs but turn you into a better programmer.

Chapter 8, On-the-Fly Code Generation for Image Processing, by Charles Petzold, drops down a

level to improve performance while maintaining portability.

Chapter 9, Top Down Operator Precedence, by Douglas Crockford, revives an almost forgotten

parsing technique and shows its new relevance to the popular JavaScript language.

Chapter 10, The Quest for an Accelerated Population Count, by Henry S. Warren, Jr., reveals

the impact that some clever algorithms can have on even a seemingly simple problem.

Chapter 11, Secure Communication: The Technology Of Freedom, by Ashish Gulhati, discusses

the directed evolution of a secure messaging application that was designed to make

sophisticated but often confusing cryptographic technology intuitively accessible to users.

Chapter 12, Growing Beautiful Code in BioPerl, by Lincoln Stein, shows how the combina-

tion of a flexible language and a custom-designed module can make it easy for people with

modest programming skills to create powerful visualizations for their data.

Chapter 13, The Design of the Gene Sorter, by Jim Kent, combines simple building blocks to

produce a robust and valuable tool for gene researchers.

Chapter 14, How Elegant Code Evolves with Hardware: The Case of Gaussian Elimination, by

Jack Dongarra and Piotr Luszczek, surveys the history of LINPACK and related major soft-

ware packages to show how assumptions must constantly be re-evaluated in the face of

new computing architectures.

Chapter 15, The Long-Term Benefits of Beautiful Design, by Adam Kolawa, explains how

attention to good design principles many decades ago helped CERN’s widely used mathe-

matical library (the predecessor of LINPACK) stand the test of time.

PREFACE xix

Chapter 16, The Linux Kernel Driver Model: The Benefits of Working Together, by Greg Kroah-

Hartman, explains how many efforts by different collaborators to solve different problems

led to the successful evolution of a complex, multithreaded system.

Chapter 17, Another Level of Indirection, by Diomidis Spinellis, shows how the flexibility and

maintainability of the FreeBSD kernel is promoted by abstracting operations done in com-

mon by many drivers and filesystem modules.

Chapter 18, Python’s Dictionary Implementation: Being All Things to All People, by Andrew

Kuchling, explains how a careful design combined with accommodations for a few special

cases allows a language feature to support many different uses.

Chapter 19, Multidimensional Iterators in NumPy, by Travis E. Oliphant, takes you through

the design steps that succeed in hiding complexity under a simple interface.

Chapter 20, A Highly Reliable Enterprise System for NASA’s Mars Rover Mission, by Ronald

Mak, uses industry standards, best practices, and Java technologies to meet the require-

ments of a NASA expedition where reliability cannot be in doubt.

Chapter 21, ERP5: Designing for Maximum Adaptability, by Rogerio Atem de Carvalho and

Rafael Monnerat, shows how a powerful ERP system can be developed with free software

tools and a flexible architecture.

Chapter 22, A Spoonful of Sewage, by Bryan Cantrill, lets the reader accompany the author

through a hair-raising bug scare and a clever solution that violated expectations.

Chapter 23, Distributed Programming with MapReduce, by Jeff Dean and Sanjay Ghemawat,

describes a system that provides an easy-to-use programming abstraction for large-scale

distributed data processing at Google that automatically handles many difficult aspects of

distributed computation, including automatic parallelization, load balancing, and failure

handling.

Chapter 24, Beautiful Concurrency, by Simon Peyton Jones, removes much of the difficulty

of parallel programs through Software Transactional Memory, demonstrated here using

Haskell.

Chapter 25, Syntactic Abstraction: The syntax-case Expander, by R. Kent Dybvig, shows how

macros—a key feature of many languages and systems—can be protected in Scheme from

producing erroneous output.

Chapter 26, Labor-Saving Architecture: An Object-Oriented Framework for Networked Software,

by William R. Otte and Douglas C. Schmidt, applies a range of standard object-oriented

design techniques, such as patterns and frameworks, to distributed logging to keep the

system flexible and modular.

Chapter 27, Integrating Business Partners the RESTful Way, by Andrew Patzer, demonstrates a

designer’s respect for his programmers by matching the design of a B2B web service to its

requirements.

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