Wi-Fi简易配置技术规范v2.0解读

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"Wi-Fi Simple Configuration Technical Specification v2.0" Wi-Fi Simple Configuration技术规范是Wi-Fi Alliance为了简化设备在WPA2启用的802.11网络中的安全设置和引入而制定的一份提案。这份文档的目标是满足Wi-Fi Protected Setup工作小组在Wi-Fi Alliance中确定的需求。版本为2.0.2。 Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS) 是一种旨在简化家庭和小型企业无线网络设置的安全标准，其目标是使非技术用户也能轻松地设置和管理他们的Wi-Fi网络。WPS 2.0（也称为WPS2）是对原始WPS功能的增强和改进，以提高安全性并解决早期版本中可能存在的漏洞。此技术规范包含以下关键知识点： 1. **易用性**：WPS 2.0旨在通过减少配置步骤和消除对复杂网络知识的需求，使得设置过程对用户友好。这可能包括一键连接（Push Button Configuration）或PIN码配对等简单方法。 2. **安全性**：WPA2（Wi-Fi Protected Access 2）是802.11i标准的一部分，提供更强的加密和认证机制，如AES（Advanced Encryption Standard）加密，以防止未授权访问。WPS 2.0确保在设备加入网络时，这些安全特性得到正确应用。 3. **设备引入**：技术规范详细说明了如何将新设备安全且简便地引入到现有WPA2网络中，这可能包括自动配置网络名称（SSID）和密码。 4. **版权与使用限制**：该文档及其相关材料由Wi-Fi Alliance所有，仅供联盟成员用于内部质量保证、预认证活动以及参与Wi-Fi Alliance批准的活动，例如Wi-Fi Alliance认证计划。未经书面许可，不得擅自使用或分发。 5. **一致性测试**：Wi-Fi Alliance成员可能使用此规范进行设备一致性测试，确保产品符合Wi-Fi Alliance的标准，以获得认证。 6. **版权信息**：任何复制或分发此文档的行为必须包含版权通知，并遵循Wi-Fi Alliance的规定，确保合法使用。 Wi-Fi Simple Configuration Technical Specification v2.0是Wi-Fi Alliance为了提升用户在WPA2网络中设备配置体验和安全性的核心指导文件，它提供了标准化的方法，使得无线网络的设置和管理变得简单且安全。

Wi-Fi Simple Configuration Technical Specification v2.0.2

Used with the permission of the Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.

Page 16 of 154

3 Definitions

AP: An infrastructure-mode 802.11 Access Point.

Credential: A data structure issued by a Registrar to an Enrollee, allowing the latter to

gain access to the network

Device: An independent physical or logical entity capable of communicating with other

Devices across a LAN or WLAN

Discovery Protocol: A protocol informing the Enrollee and the Registrar of each others

presence and capabilities.

Domain: A set of one or more Devices governed by a common authority for the purpose

of gaining access to one or more WLANs.

Enrollee: A Device seeking to join a WLAN Domain. Once an Enrollee obtains a valid

credential, it becomes a Member.

Guest: A Member with credentials that provide only temporary or otherwise limited

access to a WLAN

In-band: Data transfer using the WLAN communication channel

Out-of-Band: Data transfer using a communication channel other than the WLAN

Member: A WLAN Device possessing Domain credentials

NFC Interface: Contactless interface of an NFC Device.

NFC Token: NFC Forum compliant contactless memory card that can be read or written

by an NFC Device and may be powered by the RF field.

NFC Device: NFC Forum compliant contactless reader/writer. NFC Devices can

communicate directly with each other and/or with NFC Tokens.

Registration Protocol: A Registration Protocol is a (logically) three party in-band protocol

to assign a Credential to the Enrollee. The protocol operates between the Enrollee and

the Registrar and may receive support through a proxy.

Registrar

: An entity with the authority to issue and revoke Domain Credentials. A

Registrar may be integrated into an AP, or it may be separate from the AP. A Registrar

may not have WLAN capability. A given Domain may have multiple Registrars.

External Registrar

: A Registrar for an AP’s Domain that runs on a device separate from

the AP

Push Button Configuration (PBC)

: A configuration method triggered by pressing a

physical or logical button on the Enrollee and on the Registrar.

WLAN

: A Wi-Fi network

Wi-Fi Simple Configuration Technical Specification v2.0.2

Used with the permission of the Wi-Fi Alliance under the terms as stated in this document.

Page 20 of 154

4.1.4 Interface A

Interface A is between the Enrollee and the AP. The function of Interface A is to enable

discovery of the Wi-Fi Simple Configuration WLAN and to enable communication

between the Enrollee and IP-only Registrars.

The AP implements Interface A by

1. Sending out 802.11 beacons indicating support for Wi-Fi Simple Configuration

and generating Probe Response messages containing a description of the AP.

2. Implementing an 802.1X authenticator and the Wi-Fi Simple Configuration EAP

method.

3. Proxying 802.11 probe request and EAP messages between Enrollees and

external Registrars as described in the WFADevice and WFAWLANConfiguration

Service documents.

Enrollee

The Enrollee implements Interface A by:

1. Discovering a Wi-Fi Simple Configuration AP and/or wireless external Registrar

and sending it 802.11 probe requests including the Enrollee Discovery data.

2. Implementing an 802.1X supplicant and the Wi-Fi Simple Configuration EAP

method.

4.2 Registration Protocol

The Registration Protocol accomplishes the following purposes:

1. It helps to troubleshoot basic connectivity problems with the wireless channel

2. It provides demonstrative identification of the Enrollee to the Registrar and the

Registrar to the Enrollee using out-of-band information, enabling the credential

configuration function.

3. It establishes the roles of each device (AP, Registrar, or Enrollee).

4. It securely conveys WLAN settings and other configuration from the Registrar to

the Enrollee.

5. It establishes an Extended Master Session Key EMSK, which can be used to

secure additional application-specific configuration functions.

The Registration Protocol can be run entirely in-band, entirely out-of-band, or with a

combination of in-band and out-of-band communication. This flexibility allows the

protocol to be easily adaptable to take advantage of a variety of different out-of-band

mechanisms.

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