前端开发者必学：Node.js指南

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"《Node for Front-End Developers》是一本由Garann Means撰写的专为前端开发人员量身打造的指南，它在2012年首次出版。这本书旨在帮助前端开发者理解和掌握Node.js，这是一种基于Chrome V8引擎的JavaScript运行环境，特别适合构建高性能、可扩展的网络应用程序，尤其是那些需要实时数据处理和事件驱动的Web应用。作者Garann Means以清晰易懂的方式讲解了Node.js的核心概念，包括事件驱动模型、非阻塞I/O、模块系统以及如何利用Node.js进行服务器端编程。书中还涵盖了如何与Express等框架结合，构建高效API和实时Web应用，以及如何处理WebSocket通信和流式数据处理。《Node for Front-End Developers》不仅提供了理论知识，还包括了大量的实践案例和示例代码，以便读者能够迅速上手并应用到实际项目中。此外，本书还强调了Node.js与其他技术（如MongoDB、Redis）的集成，以及如何构建现代前端开发工作流程，如持续集成和部署。该书适合有一定JavaScript基础的前端开发者阅读，无论你是希望提升后端技能，还是寻找新的工具来优化你的Web开发工作，都能从中受益匪浅。它是一部既能满足初学者入门，又能满足经验丰富的开发者深入学习的实用手册。版权方面，O'Reilly Media Inc.享有所有权利，且允许教育、商业或销售推广用途。在线版本也广泛提供，访问者可以通过O'Reilly Safari Online平台获取更多资源。此外，书中还包含了编辑、生产编辑、校对人员和设计团队的名单，以及修订历史和版权信息，体现了O'Reilly严谨的出版标准。《Node for Front-End Developers》是一本不可或缺的参考书籍，对于想要拓展前端技能包，拥抱Node.js技术的开发者来说，它提供了实用的指导和深入的洞察。"

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viii | Preface

All we’re doing is cloning the GitHub repository, running a configuration script, and

then building and installing Node. Pay special attention to the third line, though, be-

cause we’re also switching to the branch containing the most recent stable version of

Node. That changes frequently, so if you decide to install from the command line, check

the Node.js website first to find out what the current stable version is, or use git tag

to list available versions.

It’s no longer necessary to install npm separately, but if you need or want to for some

reason, command-line installation is very straightforward. For all environments where

npm is currently supported, the preferred method of installation is Curl:

$ curl http://npmjs.org/install.sh | sh

npm is Node’s package manager. It maintains a registry of Node mod-

ules and allows one-line installation and version management of third-

party packages. You can find modules in npm from the command line

using npm search search term.

REPL

REPL stands for Read-Eval-Print-Loop, and is a utility included with Node that can be

very handy when you’re getting started. It works like the debug console in your browser

and you can execute whatever commands you want. You don’t need to do anything to

install it—you’ll have it available from the command line wherever Node is available.

Before even creating an application you can start poking around and see what Node

can do by typing node on the command line. If you don’t specify an application to run,

you get the REPL instead.

After typing node at the command prompt, you can test a few simple lines of JavaScript,

and they should evaluate as normal:

> ["Hello","World"].join(" ")

'Hello World'

> 2 + 3

You can exit the REPL by pressing Ctrl+C.

Let’s say you’re researching modules to manage asynchronous code paths in your

project. There are numerous modules to handle asynchronous code and flow control

—let’s assume you’ve found a couple you’d like to compare, but neither has a docu-

mented API (in reality, the one we’re using below has very nice documentation). To

get a better picture of what’s included, you can install them with npm and then use the

REPL to investigate them. If you installed the async module, for instance, you could do

this:

2 | Chapter 1: Getting Node Set Up

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