使用Go提升Web应用水平

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"SitePoint的《Level Up Your Web Apps With Go》是一本专注于使用Go语言提升Web应用开发技能的书籍。作者Mal Curtis详细介绍了Go语言的关键特性和如何利用它们来构建高效、可扩展的Web应用程序。" 该书内容涵盖以下几个重要知识点： 1. **欢迎新Gopher** (Chapter 1): 这一章主要面向初学者，介绍Go语言的基本概念，以及为何选择Go来开发Web应用。它可能包括Go的安装、环境设置、基本语法和开发工具的使用。 2. **Go类型探索** (Chapter 2): Go语言的类型系统是其强大之处。这一章会深入讲解Go的内置类型（如整型、浮点型、字符串、布尔型等）、自定义类型、接口以及类型转换，帮助读者理解Go的静态类型特性。 3. **HTTP处理** (Chapter 3): Go语言的http包提供了强大的HTTP服务端和客户端支持。这一部分将介绍如何创建服务器、处理HTTP请求、编写路由、返回响应，以及使用中间件和错误处理。 4. **Gophr项目** (Chapters 4-7): 书中通过一个名为Gophr的示例项目，逐步展示如何构建一个完整的Web应用。这部分涵盖了用户管理、会话持久化、图像处理以及如何与数据库交互。 5. **并发编程** (Chapter 8): Go语言以其goroutines和channels为并发编程提供了简单而强大的工具。这一章将解释如何利用这些特性实现高效的并行执行，提高Web应用的性能。 6. **自动化测试** (Chapter 9): 测试是软件开发中的关键环节。这里会讲解Go的测试框架，包括单元测试、集成测试和测试驱动开发(TDD)的最佳实践。 7. **打包与生产** (Chapter 10): 最后，本书讨论了如何准备Go应用的生产环境，包括构建、发布、部署以及监控和日志记录。这本书不仅适合已经有一定编程基础的读者，也适合想要了解Go语言在Web开发中独特优势的开发者。通过学习，读者不仅可以掌握Go语言的基础，还能了解到如何利用Go构建高性能、可扩展的Web应用程序。同时，书中结合实际项目示例，使得理论知识与实践相结合，有助于读者快速上手和进阶。

Conventions Used

You’ll notice that we’ve used certain typographic and layout styles throughout the

book to signify different types of information. Look out for the following items:

Code Samples

Code in this book will be displayed using a fixed-width font, like so:

<h1>A Perfect Summer's Day</h1>

<p>It was a lovely day for a walk in the park. The birds

were singing and the kids were all back at school.</p>

If the code is to be found in the book’s code archive, the name of the file will appear

at the top of the program listing, like this:

example.css

.footer {

background-color: #CCC;

border-top: 1px solid #333;

}

If only part of the file is displayed, this is indicated by the word excerpt:

example.css (excerpt)

border-top: 1px solid #333;

If additional code is to be inserted into an existing example, the new code will be

displayed in bold:

function animate() {

new_variable = "Hello";

}

Where existing code is required for context, rather than repeat all the code, a vertical

ellipsis will be displayed:

xvi

You can generate your own requests from the command line by using the curl tool

(you can download curl

if you don’t already have it). For example, requesting

SitePoint with curl would look like this: curl -i www.sitepoint.com. This is a

great way to inspect what’s really going on under the hood.

Go Get

The go get tool is a very convenient package manager, but it’s also limited in func-

tionality compared to a lot of package managers. When it fetches a package, it has

no concept of version, in other words, it will get the latest version of the code you’re

asking for. While this isn’t much of an issue when you’re working on your local

machine. It means there’s a chance that when you go to run your code on another

machine, such as during deployment, or if you’re part of a team, the new machine

might download a different version of the package. Because of this, code that builds

on your machine may not build on another machine because you’re running different

versions of the packages.

There are a few ways to get around this, and we’ll cover the options in a later chapter,

but for the moment, be aware that if you are getting build errors that appear to ori-

ginate from another package, it might be because the version you’ve downloaded

is slightly different to the version I used when writing the code for this book.

Whenever I introduce a new third party package, I will also note what version of

that code I’m using, so if you’re comfortable with Git you can navigate to the library

and check out the exact same version.

Formatting

There is a standard for how you should format your Go code, and although the

compiler won’t throw an error if you format your code differently, it’s nice to follow

the standards. You can completely automate this process by using the tool gofmt

that comes with the Go installation. This tool will automatically reformat your Go

code for you. All popular text editors will have a plugin that automatically runs

gofmt for you when you save your files. I highly recommend taking the time to install

one for your editor ― trust me, it’ll be one of the best things you ever do.

http://curl.haxx.se/dlwiz/?type=bin

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使用Go提升Web应用水平

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