3GPP V12.0 Evolved Packet Radio Service (EPS)架构详解：LTE/GSM/UMTS/GPRS消息流程

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3GPP标准文档3GPPTS 23.401 V12.0.0（2013年3月版）详细阐述了在3GPP（3rd Generation Partnership Project，第三代合作伙伴计划）中，对于演进型通用陆地无线接入网络（E-UTRAN，Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network）的通用分组无线服务（GPRS，General Packet Radio Service）增强技术的规格和设计。这份标准定义了在Release 12（第12个版本）背景下，LTE（Long-Term Evolution，长期演进）系统架构中的关键元素，如消息流程和传递参数。该文档是3GPP Technical Specification Group Services and System Aspects（服务和系统特性技术规范组）的一部分，旨在提供关于如何改进和扩展GPRS功能以适应E-UTRAN环境的指导。它涵盖了多个技术领域，如网络架构设计、GSM（Global System for Mobile Communications，全球移动通信系统）和UMTS（Universal Mobile Telecommunications System，通用移动通信系统）的兼容性，以及与传统2G网络的协同工作。值得注意的是，虽然这份文档是在2013年发布，但3GPP的标准持续更新和发展，因此对于更现代和最新的EPS（Evolved Packet System，演进分组系统）和LTE技术，建议查找较新的3GPP资源。3GPP组织合作伙伴不对此文档负责，也不推荐直接实施，而是用于3GPP内部的未来开发工作。获取3GPP系统的实施规格和报告，应通过3GPP组织合作伙伴的出版机构获取，以便确保信息的准确性和官方支持。3GPP的联系方式包括位于法国瓦尔博纳的办公地址、电话和互联网联系方式，这在文档中提供了方便用户查询和联系。这份文档对于理解3GPP的EPS网络架构，特别是与GPRS的融合，以及其在Release 12中的演变历程至关重要。然而，为了获得最新且全面的技术信息，读者应该关注3GPP的最新版本和更新。

3GPP

3GPP TS 23.401 V12.0.0 (2013-03)

Release 12

4 Architecture model and concepts

4.1 General concepts

Local breakout of IP traffic via the visited PLMN is supported, when network policies and user subscription allow it.

Local breakout may be combined with support for multiple simultaneous PDN connections, described in clause 5.10.

4.2 Architecture reference model

4.2.1 Non-roaming architecture

SGi

S12

S1-MME

PCRF

S6a

HSS

Operator's IP

Services

(e.g. IMS, PSS etc.)

S10

SGSN

LTE-Uu

E-UTRAN

MME

S11

Serving

Gateway

PDN

Gateway

S1-U

UTRAN

GERAN

Figure 4.2.1-1: Non-roaming architecture for 3GPP accesses

SGi

S12

S1-MME

PCRF

S6a

HSS

Operator's IP

Services

(e.g. IMS, PSS etc.)

S10

SGSN

LTE-Uu

E-UTRAN

MME

S11

Serving

Gateway

PDN

Gateway

S1-U

UTRAN

GERAN

Figure 4.2.1-2: Non-roaming architecture for 3GPP accesses. Single gateway configuration option

NOTE 1: Also in this configuration option, S5 can be used between non collocated Serving Gateway and PDN

Gateway.

NOTE 2: Additional interfaces for 2G/3G access are shown in TS 23.060 [7].

3GPP

3GPP TS 23.401 V12.0.0 (2013-03)

Release 12

S6a

HSS

S1-MME

S10

UTRAN

SGSN

MME

S11

Serving

Gateway

LTE-Uu

E-UTRAN

HPLMN

VPLMN

V-PCRF

SGi

PDN

Gateway

S1-U

H-PCRF

Visited

Operator's IP

Services

GERAN

S12

Figure 4.2.2-3: Roaming architecture for local breakout, with visited operator's application functions

only

4.2.3 Reference points

S1-MME: Reference point for the control plane protocol between E-UTRAN and MME.

S1-U: Reference point between E-UTRAN and Serving GW for the per bearer user plane tunnelling and inter

eNodeB path switching during handover.

S3: It enables user and bearer information exchange for inter 3GPP access network mobility in idle an d/or

active state. This reference point can be used intra-PLMN or inter-PLMN (e.g. in the case of Inter-PLMN

HO).

S4: It provides related control and mobility support between GPRS Core and the 3GPP Anchor function of

Serving GW. In addition, if Direct Tunnel is not established, it provides the user plane tunnelling.

S5: It provides user plane tunnelling and tunnel management between Serving GW and PDN GW. It is used

for Serving GW relocation due to UE mobility and if the Serving GW needs to connect to a non -

collocated PDN GW for the required PDN connectivity.

S6a: It enables transfer of subscription and authentication data for authenticating/authorizing user access to the

evolved system (AAA interface) between MME and HSS.

Gx: It provides transfer of (QoS) policy and charging rules from PCRF to Policy and Charging Enforcement

Function (PCEF) in the PDN GW.

S8: Inter-PLMN reference point providing user and control plane between the Serving GW in the VPLMN

and the PDN GW in the HPLMN. S8 is the inter PLMN variant of S5.

S9: It provides transfer of (QoS) policy and charging control information between the Home PCRF and the

Visited PCRF in order to support local breakout function.

S10: Reference point between MMEs for MME relocation and MME to MME information transfer. This

reference point can be used intra-PLMN or inter-PLMN (e.g. in the case of Inter-PLMN HO).

S11: Reference point between MME and Serving GW.

3GPP

3GPP TS 23.401 V12.0.0 (2013-03)

Release 12

S12: Reference point between UTRAN and Serving GW for user plane tunnelling when Direct Tunnel is

established. It is based on the Iu-u/Gn-u reference point using the GTP-U protocol as defined between

SGSN and UTRAN or respectively between SGSN and GGSN. Usage of S12 is an operator configuration

option.

S13: It enables UE identity check procedure between MME and EIR.

SGi: It is the reference point between the PDN GW and the packet data network. Packet data network may be

an operator external public or private packet data network or an intra operator packet data network, e.g.

for provision of IMS services. This reference point corresponds to Gi for 3GPP accesses.

Rx: The Rx reference point resides between the AF and the PCRF in the TS 23.203 [6].

NOTE 1: Except where stated otherwise, this specification does not make an explicit assumption as to whether an

interface is intra-PLMN or inter-PLMN.

When data forwarding is used as part of mobility procedures different user plane routes may be used based on the

network configuration (e.g. direct or indirect data forwarding). These routes can be between eNodeB and RNC, eNodeB

and SGSN, RNC and S-GW or between S-GW and SGSN. Explicit reference points are not defined for these routes.

These user plane forwarding routes can cross inter-PLMN boundaries (e.g. in the case of Inter-PLMN HO).

Protocol assumption:

- The S1-U is based on GTP-U protocol;

- The S3 is based on GTP protocol;

- The S4 is based on GTP protocol;

- The S5 is based on GTP protocol. PMIP variant of S5 is described in TS 23.402 [2];

- The S8 is based on GTP protocol. PMIP variant of S8 is described in TS 23.402 [2].

- S3, S4, S5, S8, S10 and S11 interfaces are designed to manage EPS bearers as defined in clause 4.7.2.

NOTE 2: Redundancy support on reference points S5 and S8 should be taken into account.

4.2.4 Warning System architecture

Refer to TS 23.041 [48] and TS 23.002 [71] for the Warning System architecture.

4.3 High level functions

4.3.1 General

The following list gives the logical functions performed within this system. Several functional groupings (meta

functions) are defined and each encompasses a number of individual functions:

- Network Access Control Functions.

- Packet Routing and Transfer Functions.

- Mobility Management Functions.

- Security Functions.

- Radio Resource Management Functions.

- Network Management Functions.

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