英语专业四级词汇语法深度解析

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"专四词汇语法真题解析" 这篇资源主要涵盖了英语专业四级考试中的词汇和语法部分,特别强调了集体名词作主语时主谓一致的规则以及近义词的辨析。对于集体名词,文章提到了三种类型: 1. 通常作复数的集体名词,如police, people, cattle, militia, poultry等,它们视为复数形式,搭配复数动词。例如:“Domestic cattle provide us with milk, beef and hides.”这里的“cattle”用复数动词“provide”。 2. 通常作不可数名词的集体名词,如foliage, machinery, equipment, furniture, merchandise等,它们被视为单数,动词也用单数形式。例如:“All the machinery in the factory is made in China.”这里的“machinery”用的是单数动词“is”。 3. 既可作单数也可作复数的集体名词,如audience, committee, class, crew, family, public, government等。这些名词可以根据上下文决定其单复数形式。例如:“The city council is meeting to set its agenda.”这里的“city council”作为整体用单数动词“is”。 4. 当集体名词与“a committee of/a panel of/a board of + 复数名词”结构结合时,动词通常用单数。例如:“A committee of five men and three women is to consider the matter.”这里的“committee”用的是单数动词“is”。 此外,资源还涉及到了一组近义词的辨析,包括tired, exhausted, fatigued, weary, worn-out,它们都表示“疲惫”的含义,但程度和语境略有不同: - tired:最常用,可指体力或脑力的疲惫,也可以表示对某事物失去兴趣。例如:“Henry was so tired that he went to bed immediately after he got home.” - exhausted:程度最强,形容极度疲劳,几乎耗尽精力。例如:“The exhausted engineer fell asleep on the bus.” - fatigued:疲劳程度较tired和weary强,多用于因过度劳累无法继续的情况。例如:“He felt fatigued and didn’t want to say a single word.” - weary:语气比tired强,暗示长时间的疲劳。例如:“She looked weary from a long day at work.” - worn-out:常用来形容物品或人因使用过度而破旧或疲惫不堪。例如:“His worn-out shoes showed how much he had walked.” 这些内容对于准备英语专业四级考试的学生来说是十分宝贵的复习资料,可以帮助他们理解和掌握集体名词的用法以及如何准确区分同义词的细微差别。

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