入门C++：通过游戏编程学习

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"BEGINNING C++ THROUGH GAME PROGRAMMING, 第四版" 本书《BEGINNING C++ THROUGH GAME PROGRAMMING》是迈克尔·道森所著，旨在为初学者提供一个全面的C++编程入门教程，特别关注游戏编程领域。无论读者是否具备编程经验，这本书都能引导他们进入游戏开发的世界。第四版更新了内容，确保了教程的时效性和实用性。在本书中，作者通过逐步讲解的方式，让读者在学习每个新概念的同时，参与到完整的程序构建中。每章末尾都有一个游戏项目，这样可以在实践中巩固所学知识。全书的最后一部分是一个综合性的游戏项目，整合了前面所有章节的内容，帮助读者将分散的知识点串联起来，形成系统的游戏开发技能。 C++是一种广泛用于游戏开发的编程语言，因为它提供了高效性能、内存管理和面向对象的特性，这些都是游戏编程所必需的。本书的结构设计考虑到了初学者的需求，以游戏作为学习载体，使得学习过程更为有趣且直观。迈克尔·道森的写作风格深入浅出，他将复杂的编程概念转化为易于理解的语言，确保读者能够轻松上手。技术审阅者Maneesh Sethi的专业审查也为本书的内容质量提供了保障。此外，本书由Course Technology PTR出版，属于Cengage Learning的一部分，这是一家全球知名的教育出版机构，其教材在全球多个国家和地区发行，包括澳大利亚、巴西、日本、韩国、墨西哥、新加坡、西班牙、英国和美国等。书中的内页布局由MPS Limited设计，封面设计由Mike Tanamachi操刀，索引编制由Kevin Broccoli完成，校对工作由Michael Beady执行。所有这些专业团队的贡献确保了本书在形式和内容上的高质量。总而言之，《BEGINNING C++ THROUGH GAME PROGRAMMING》第四版是一本优秀的C++和游戏编程入门教材，它不仅教授C++的基本语法和编程技巧，还通过实际的游戏项目让读者体验到编程的乐趣，从而激发他们进一步探索和提升游戏开发能力的热情。

Setting Member Access Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Introducing the Private Critter Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 264

Specifying Public and Private Access Levels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266

Defining Accessor Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267

Defining Constant Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 268

Using Static Data Members and Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . 269

Introducing the Static Critter Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270

Declaring and Initializing Static Data Members . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Accessing Static Data Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 272

Declaring and Defining Static Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Calling Static Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273

Introducing the Critter Caretaker Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274

Planning the Game . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275

Planning the Pseudocode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 276

The Critter Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277

The main() Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281

Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283

Discussion Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285

Chapter 9 Advanced Classes and Dynamic Memory:

Game Lobby . ................................ 287

Using Aggregation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287

Introducing the Critter Farm Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288

Using Object Data Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290

Using Container Data Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 291

Using Friend Functions and Operator Overloading . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Introducing the Friend Critter Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 292

Creating Friend Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

Overloading Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295

Dynamically Allocating Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296

Introducing the Heap Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297

Using the new Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299

Using the delete Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300

Avoiding Memory Leaks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 301

Working with Data Members and the Heap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

Introducing the Heap Data Member Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303

Declaring Data Members that Point to

Values on the Heap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307

Contents xv

Declaring and Defining Destructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308

Declaring and Defining Copy Constructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 309

Overloading the Assignment Operator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 313

Introducing the Game Lobby Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315

The Player Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

The Lobby Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 318

The Lobby::AddPlayer() Member Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320

The Lobby::RemovePlayer() Member Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

The Lobby::Clear() Member Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322

The operator<<() Member Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 323

The main() Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 324

Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325

Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 326

Discussion Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

Exercises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 328

Chapter 10 Inheritance and Polymorphism: Blackjack ............ 331

Introducing Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 331

Introducing the Simple Boss Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333

Deriving from a Base Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335

Instantiating Objects from a Derived Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 336

Using Inherited Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

Controlling Access under Inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337

Introducing the Simple Boss 2.0 Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 338

Using Access Modifiers with Class Members . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 339

Using Access Modifiers when Deriving Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340

Calling and Overriding Base Class Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . 340

Introducing the Overriding Boss Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 341

Calling Base Class Constructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343

Declaring Virtual Base Class Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . 344

Overriding Virtual Base Class Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . 344

Calling Base Class Member Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345

Using Overloaded Assignment Operators and

Copy Constructors in Derived Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 346

Introducing Polymorphism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Introducing the Polymorphic Bad Guy Program . . . . . . . . . . . . 347

Using Base Class Pointers to Derived Class Objects . . . . . . . . . . 350

Defining Virtual Destructors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 351

Using Abstract Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Introducing the Abstract Creature Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

xvi Contents

Who This Book Is For

This book is for anyone who wants to program games. It’s aimed at the total

beginner and assumes no previous programming experience. If you’re comfor-

table using your computer, then you can start your game programming odyssey

right here. But just because this book is written for the beginner, that doesn’t

mean learning Cþþ and game programming will be easy. You’ll have to read,

work, and experiment. By the end of this book, you’ll have a solid foundation in

the game programming language of the professionals.

How This Book Is Organized

I start at the very beginning of Cþþ and game programming, assuming no

experience in either. As the chapters progress, I cover more advanced topics,

building on previous material.

In each chapter, I cover one or several related topics. I move through concepts one

step at a time by writing bite-sized, game-related programs to demonstrate each

idea. At the end of each chapter, I combine some of the most important concepts

in a single game. The last chapter of the book ends with the most ambitious

project—one that harnesses all of the major concepts presented throughout the

book.

In addition to learning about Cþþ and game programming, you’ll also learn how

to organize your work, break down problems into manageable chunks, and reﬁne

your code. You’ll be challenged at times, but never overwhelmed. Most of all,

you’ll have fun while learning. In the process, you’ll create some cool computer

games and gain insight into the craft of game programming.

Chapter 1: Types, Variables, and Standard I/O: Lost Fortune. You’ll be

introduced to the fundamentals of Cþþ, the standard language of the game

industry. You’ll learn to display output in a console window, perform arithmetic

computations, use variables, and get player input from the keyboard.

Chapter 2: Truth, Branching, and the Game Loop: Guess My Number. You’ll

create more interesting games by writing programs that execute, skip, or repeat

sections of code based on some condition. You’ll learn how to generate random

numbers to add some unpredictability to your games. And you’ll learn about the

Game Loop—a fundamental way to organize your games to keep the action going.

Introduction xix

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