Java技术指南：语言研究者的编程入门

需积分: 3 168 浏览量更新于2024-07-31 收藏 615KB PDF 举报

"ProgrammingforLinguists:Java™TechnologyforLanguageResearchers"是一本由MichaelHammond编著，由Blackwell Publishers出版的书籍，旨在引导语言研究人员入门Java技术，特别是在自然语言处理（NLP）领域的应用。本书是针对语言学家和语言研究者的Java编程教程，适合初学者。它详细介绍了如何使用Java技术来处理和分析语言数据，为读者提供了一个理解和应用NLP技术的平台。Java是一种广泛使用的编程语言，以其跨平台性和强大的库支持而著名，这使得它成为NLP领域理想的工具。在书中，作者可能涵盖了以下关键知识点： 1. **Java基础**：介绍Java编程的基本概念，如变量、数据类型、控制流语句、类和对象，以及面向对象编程的核心原理。 2. **Java与自然语言处理**：讨论如何利用Java的库（如Apache OpenNLP、Stanford NLP或NLTK等）进行文本预处理，包括分词、词性标注、命名实体识别和句法分析等任务。 3. **数据结构和算法**：讲解在处理语言数据时常用的数据结构（如树、图和集合），以及相关的算法，如排序和搜索算法，它们在语言分析中起着重要作用。 4. **文本分析**：介绍文本挖掘和情感分析的技术，帮助读者理解文本内容并提取有价值的信息。 5. **自然语言生成**：可能涉及如何使用Java创建能够生成人类可读语言的系统，这在对话系统和机器翻译中很重要。 6. **实践项目**：书中可能包含一系列逐步指导的实例，让读者通过实际编程练习来巩固理论知识，比如构建一个简单的语言分析工具或聊天机器人。 7. **错误处理和调试**：教授如何调试代码，解决编程过程中遇到的问题，这对于任何开发者来说都是必不可少的技能。 8. **性能优化**：讨论如何提高Java程序的运行效率，特别是在处理大量语言数据时。 9. **软件工程实践**：可能涵盖版本控制、测试驱动开发和代码文档化等软件工程最佳实践，帮助读者适应专业开发环境。 10. **开放源码社区**：介绍如何利用开源社区资源，如GitHub，参与和贡献Java NLP项目的开发。这本书对于希望将编程技能应用于语言学研究的学者来说是一份宝贵的资源，它不仅提供了技术知识，还强调了如何将这些技术应用于实际的语言问题中。通过学习，读者不仅可以掌握Java编程，还能理解如何运用这些工具来解决语言学中的挑战，推动语言研究的进步。

2 Why Programming and Why Java Programming?

so onerous, but if the corpus is large, or if one really wants to be sure of one’s

results, then this method is fraught with peril (and really boring). Another

solution is to hire somebody else to do the job, but the same considerations

apply. Yet a third possibility is to make use of some existing software

package.

This last option is occasionally workable, but can fall short in several

ways. First, an existing package is restricted by its design. That is, your needs

may not match what the software was designed to do, rendering your task

impossible or very difﬁcult. Moreover, the software may not be intuitive, and

may require learning some arcane set of commands or some difﬁcult control

language. Finally, while software may exist to do what you want, it may be

unavailable on the platform you work on (Windows, Mac, or Unix), or it

may be too costly.

1.2 Why Java Technology?

The Java programming language may provide an answer. First, it is a com-

plete programming language, with all the bells and whistles. It can do all the

ﬁle manipulation and text searching one might want, while at the same time,

it has all the graphical capabilities of a language like C.

Moreover, it’s free. There are free Java implementations for every type of

computer. In addition, code written and compiled on one type of machine

will run on any other type. In other words, you can write your code at home

on your Mac, and run it at work on your Windows machine, or send it to a

colleague to run under Unix. This also suggests that Java programs you write

should continue to be usable for many years, since the language is so widely

used.

Finally, one of the most compelling features of Java programs is the fact

that they can be run over the web in your web browser. What this means is

that you can write a program, put it on the web, and allow others to run

your program on their own machines simply by going to your web page.

The only downside is that since the Java language can do so much, it can

be quite complex. There are lots and lots of features that enable Java programs

to do pretty much anything you want. For the novice programmer, this can

be intimidating.

We won’t let this deter us though. My strategy will be to pick and choose.

I’ll introduce those bits of Java technology that are necessary to do the kinds

of things people who work with language typically want to do. The rest – all

the bells and whistles that we don’t need on our train – we’ll leave for later.

I’ll let you know where they are and how to ﬁnd out more, but we won’t

digress to deal with them here.

Why Programming and Why Java Programming? 3

1.3 Download and Install the

Java Development Kit

Before going on to actually writing Java programs, your computer must be

properly conﬁgured so that the software for developing programs is available.

You must make sure that the Java Development Kit (JDK) is installed on

your computer. If it is, the command

java -version, when typed at the system

prompt, will print out appropriate version information. (For a Mac, where

there is no system prompt, you must do a search for the program

javac, using

the

Find File command in the Finder.)

If you don’t ﬁnd

java or javac on your system, the JDK can be downloaded

for free over the web. The appropriate URL is

http://www.javasoft.com.

Versions of the JDK for Windows and Solaris can be downloaded directly

from that site. For other computer types, there are links there to the appro-

priate site.

It’s really very easy to install the JDK, but if you ﬁnd it daunting at the

beginning, you might ﬁnd it easier to work on a computer that already has

the JDK installed. Most mainframe computers have it already installed. If

you have access to one – through work or school – you might try running the

early programs in the book there.

Let’s briefly go over how to install the JDK under Windows. The ﬁrst step

is to download the JDK installer over the web. This is a huge ﬁle and you

should arrange carefully how to do this. If you have a dedicated very fast

connection, there’s no problem, but if you want to install the JDK at home

over the phone, you need to plan carefully. Depending on the speed of your

modem, the download could take hours.

If you plan to download the ﬁle by phone, you might want to curl up with

a book while doing so. Alternatively, it is possible, for a fee, to obtain the

JDK on CD-ROM. Finally, if you have ethernet access at work, download

the ﬁle there, and bring it home on a zip disk.

The JDK installer is typically downloaded in compressed form. For

Windows, zip compression is the easiest one to deal with. (For example, in

Windows 98, the compressed zip ﬁle can be uncompressed automatically.)

Once uncompressed, the second step is to run the install program. This

will create a directory called something like

j2dk1.x, where x is the version

number.

The third step is to add the

java and javac programs to your path. This

is done by editing your

autoexec.bat ﬁle. Note that this is something you

have to be very careful with. Make sure to make a backup copy of your

autoexec.bat ﬁle before editing it, and make sure to consult your documenta-

tion if you’ve never done this before. First, select the

MS-DOS prompt from

the

Programs menu. Second, type cd \ to switch to the root directory. Type

4 Why Programming and Why Java Programming?

copy autoexec.bat autoexec.bak to make a copy of your autoexec.bat ﬁle.

Third, type

edit autoexec.bat to edit the ﬁle. Use the arrow keys to move

to the ﬁrst empty line at the end of the ﬁle. Add the following line

set

path=%PATH%;\j2dk1.x\bin, where x is the appropriate version number in

the directory installed. Finally, select

quit from the ﬁle menu to quit the edit

program, making sure to save your changes when prompted. The change will

take place when Windows is next started.

Analogous steps are needed to install the JDK under Unix. For Macs, there

are different compression options, and the relevant directory is

MRJ SDK x,

where

x is the appropriate version number. There is no Mac path to alter.

1.4 How to Read this Book

Learning to program isn’t really hard, but you do need to do it the right way.

The key is to start programming right away. As you read this book, you

should make sure to try out the programs as we go through them. In fact, it

would be ideal to read the book at the computer. Also, don’t forget to try the

exercises! You’ll note that answers are not given at the end of the book. This

is for two reasons. First, having answers is a big temptation. More import-

antly, however, most of the exercises involve revising or writing programs.

There are often many ways to achieve the same goal and I would rather you

ﬁnd some way to answer an exercise question than feel you have to ﬁnd my

way of answering one of them.

Start by running the programs exactly as given, either by downloading

them from the website or – even better – by typing them in yourself. (Typing

them in yourself will make the task familiar and draw your attention to

aspects of the code you might miss otherwise.)

When you start to feel more comfortable, try varying the code a bit. The

programs up through chapter 3 are perfectly safe and variations can’t harm

your computer. After that point, certain operations should be handled with

care, but I’ll warn you about those as we go through.

The key, though, is to have fun!

剩余225页未读，继续阅读

mishazh

粉丝: 0
资源: 2

Java技术指南：语言研究者的编程入门

Python_for_Linguists.rar_NLP_nlp python

Deep Learning for Natural Language Processing

python-for-linguists

SIGIL - R for Corpus Data.pdf

24精美英文简历模板.docx

28精美英文简历模板.docx

教师资格初级中学英语学科知识及教学能力模拟试题及答案.doc

so your technology is from chat-gpt?

Is Cantonese a dialect of Chinese, or just another language?

中国新能源汽车&充电桩（2018-2022）数据-最新出炉.zip

最新资源