"风云四号B星干涉式红外探测仪地面辐射定标试验及性能预测分析"

风云四号 B 星, which is our country's geostationary meteorological satellite. It is capable of observing the infrared high-spectral radiance in the upper atmosphere, and therefore can be used for the inversion of atmospheric temperature and humidity profiles, as well as for assimilation into numerical weather prediction models. In order to predict the performance of GIIRS after launch, a method of black body calibration test was conducted in a ground laboratory under thermal vacuum environment before launch to test the radiometric performance of the instrument, including instrument sensitivity, radiometric calibration accuracy, and dynamic observation range. The noise equivalent radiance variance of the long-wave infrared channel is less than 0.5 mW/(m2·sr·cm-1), and that of the mid-wave infrared channel is less than 0.1 mW/(m2·sr·cm-1), both of which meet the sensitivity design requirements. In terms of radiometric calibration, after nonlinear correction, the average calibration bias of the long-wave spectrum decreased from 1 K to 0.2 K, and met the 0.7 K design requirement within the observation range of 220~315 K. Although the instrument is more affected by noise when observing low-temperature targets in the mid-wave channel, the calibration bias within the dynamic range of 260~315 K also meets the 0.7 K requirement. Overall, the pre-launch radiometric calibration testing of the geostationary interferometric infrared sounder was successful, and the instrument's sensitivity, radiometric calibration accuracy, and dynamic observation range met the design specifications. This testing provides confidence in the instrument's performance after launch and its ability to contribute to accurate atmospheric measurements, weather forecasting, and climate research.