Office OpenXML Excel (.xlsx)格式扩展技术规范

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[MS-XLSX] - v20180828

Excel (.xlsx) Extensions to the Office Open XML SpreadsheetML File Format

Release: August 28, 2018

locale: A collection of rules and data that are specific to a language and a geographical area. A

locale can include information about sorting rules, date and time formatting, numeric and

monetary conventions, and character classification.

locked: The condition of a cell, worksheet, or other object that restricts edits or modifications to it

by users.

MDX unique name: A unique identifier for a multidimensional expression (MDX) member or value

in a given Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) cube, for example "[Customer].[Customer

Geography].[Country].&[Australia]".

measure: In a cube, a set of values that are typically numeric and are based on a column in the

fact table of the cube. Measures are the central values that are aggregated and analyzed.

mention: A part of a threaded comment that provides a reference to a person's information.

Multidimensional Expressions (MDX): A syntax that is used for defining multidimensional

objects, and for querying and manipulating multidimensional data.

Object Linking and Embedding (OLE): A technology for transferring and sharing information

between applications by inserting a file or part of a file into a compound document. The inserted

file can be either embedded or linked. See also embedded object and linked object.

object model: A collection of object-oriented APIs that represent data structures and are designed

to promote software interoperability.

OLAP All level: An optional level at the top of a hierarchy. It typically contains an OLAP All

member that represents an aggregation of all of the lower-level members of that hierarchy.

OLAP All member: A multidimensional expression (MDX) that evaluates a hierarchy and returns a

set that contains all of the members of the specified hierarchy.

OLAP allocation: An operation in which the values for members at lower levels in an OLAP

hierarchy are changed based on changes to values for members at higher levels in that

hierarchy.

OLAP hierarchy: An attribute hierarchy or a user-defined hierarchy in a data structure. By default,

each dimension attribute has an attribute hierarchy. A user-defined hierarchy is a set of related

attribute hierarchies that is used to facilitate browsing an OLAP cube.

OLAP level: Within an OLAP hierarchy, a set of data that is organized into a lower or higher level

of detail, such as Year, Quarter, Month, and Day levels in a Time hierarchy.

OLAP measure: A set of numeric values in an OLAP cube that is used in aggregation and analysis.

OLAP member: An item that is in an OLAP level. For example, a Canada member in a Country

level of a Geography hierarchy.

OLAP named set: A collection of OLAP tuples that have the same dimensionality. Also referred

to as OLAP set.

OLAP subselect: The ability to execute multiple SELECT commands in a FROM clause that is inside

a multidimensional expression (MDX) statement.

OLAP tuple: An ordered collection of members that are from different dimensions of an OLAP

cube. A single member is a special case of a tuple.

OLAP weight expression: A multidimensional expression (MDX) that is used to apply and allocate

modified values to an Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) provider. It typically returns a

decimal value between "0" and "1".

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[MS-XLSX] - v20180828

Excel (.xlsx) Extensions to the Office Open XML SpreadsheetML File Format

Release: August 28, 2018

OLE DB: A set of interfaces that are based on the Component Object Model (COM) programming

model and expose data from a variety of sources. These interfaces support the amount of

Database Management System (DBMS) functionality that is appropriate for a data store and

they enable a data store to share data.

Online Analytical Processing (OLAP): A technology that uses multidimensional structures to

provide access to data for analysis. The source data for OLAP is stored in data warehouses in a

relational database. See also cube.

PivotTable: An interactive table that summarizes large amounts of data from various sources by

using format and calculation methods. Row and column headings can be rotated to view

different summaries of the source data, filter the data, or display detail data for specific areas.

PivotTable field list: A user interface element that displays a list of all of the fields in a PivotTable

report. It can be used to populate a PivotTable report and to manipulate the fields.

pixel: A discrete unit of display on a computer display device.

plot area: A portion of a chart area that contains the plotted data and axes.

point: A unit of measurement for fonts and spacing. A point is equal to 1/72 of an inch.

protection: A mechanism that helps restrict users from making unwanted changes to the data or

structure of a workbook.

query table: A two-dimensional table that presents data from an external data source.

range: An addressable region that is in a workbook. A range typically consists of zero or more cells

and represents a single, contiguous rectangle of cells on a single sheet.

rich array: A type of rich value data that is a two-dimensional array of values.

rich value: A complex representation of data that contains a rich value type, a rich value

fallback, and a collection of key value pairs (KVP). A rich value can exist as the value of a

cell or nested as the value in a key value pair.

rich value data: The value part of the key value pair (KVP).

rich value fallback: A value that will be used for any feature that does not know how to interpret

a given rich value type.

rich value key: The name of the key in the key value pair (KVP).

rich value key flag: A rich value flag assigned to a particular rich value key. Each flag is

assigned a Boolean value that indicates particular behaviors for the key.

rich value type: A collection of required key value pairs (KVP) and key flag definitions.

right-to-left: A reading and display order that is optimized for right-to-left languages.

root element: The top-level element in an XML document. It contains all other elements and is

not contained by any other element, as described in [XML].

row: A single set of data that is displayed horizontally in a worksheet or a table.

salt: An additional random quantity, specified as input to an encryption function that is used to

increase the strength of the encryption.

security descriptor: A data structure containing the security information associated with a

securable object. A security descriptor identifies an object's owner by its security identifier

(SID). If access control is configured for the object, its security descriptor contains a

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[MS-XLSX] - v20180828

Excel (.xlsx) Extensions to the Office Open XML SpreadsheetML File Format

Release: August 28, 2018

discretionary access control list (DACL) with SIDs for the security principals who are allowed or

denied access. Applications use this structure to set and query an object's security status. The

security descriptor is used to guard access to an object as well as to control which type of

auditing takes place when the object is accessed. The security descriptor format is specified in

[MS-DTYP] section 2.4.6; a string representation of security descriptors, called SDDL, is

specified in [MS-DTYP] section 2.5.1.

selected: The condition of a set of items that has focus in a workbook.

service: A process or agent that is available on the network, offering resources or services for

clients. Examples of services include file servers, web servers, and so on.

shape: A collection of qualifiers, such as names, and quantifiers, such as coordinates, that is used

to represent a geometric object. A shape can be contained in a document, file structure, run-

time structure, or other medium.

sheet: A part of an Excel workbook. There are four types of sheets: worksheet, macro sheet,

dialog sheet, and chart sheet. Multiple sheets are stored together within a workbook.

sort: A process that arranges cells in ascending or descending order, based on cell content.

sort condition: A condition that determines how to sort cells in a range.

sort order: A specific arrangement of cells that is based on cell content. The order can be

ascending or descending.

source data: The data that is used as the basis for charts, PivotTable reports, and other data

visualization features.

sparkline: A miniature chart that can be inserted into text or embedded in a cell on a worksheet to

illustrate highs, lows, and trends in data.

spreadsheet data model: A local Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) storage of data used

by a spreadsheet application.

style: A set of formatting options that is applied to text, tables, charts, and other objects in a

document.

supporting property bag: A set of GLOSSARY: [key value pairs (KVP)]. A supporting property

bag can exist as the value of a rich value or nested as the value in another supporting property

bag.

supporting property bag array: A type of supporting property bag data that is a one-

dimensional array of values.

supporting property bag data: The value part of the key value pair (KVP).

supporting property bag key: The name of the key in a key value pair (KVP).

table: A list that is defined in a workbook.

threaded comment: A comment in a comment thread. It can be a main comment or a reply.

top N filter: A filter that matches the top or bottom N items or N% of items in a specified column.

Unicode: A character encoding standard developed by the Unicode Consortium that represents

almost all of the written languages of the world. The Unicode standard [UNICODE5.0.0/2007]

provides three forms (UTF-8, UTF-16, and UTF-32) and seven schemes (UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-16

BE, UTF-16 LE, UTF-32, UTF-32 LE, and UTF-32 BE).

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[MS-XLSX] - v20180828

Excel (.xlsx) Extensions to the Office Open XML SpreadsheetML File Format

Release: August 28, 2018

unique identifier (UID): A pair consisting of a GUID and a version sequence number to identify

each resource uniquely. The UID is used to track the object for its entire lifetime through any

number of times that the object is modified or renamed.

workbook: A container for a collection of sheets.

worksheet: A single logical container for a set of tabular data and other objects in a workbook.

XML: The Extensible Markup Language, as described in [XML1.0].

XML namespace: A collection of names that is used to identify elements, types, and attributes in

XML documents identified in a URI reference [RFC3986]. A combination of XML namespace and

local name allows XML documents to use elements, types, and attributes that have the same

names but come from different sources. For more information, see [XMLNS-2ED].

XML schema definition (XSD): The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) standard language that

is used in defining XML schemas. Schemas are useful for enforcing structure and constraining

the types of data that can be used validly within other XML documents. XML schema definition

refers to the fully specified and currently recommended standard for use in authoring XML

schemas.

XOR obfuscation: A type of file encryption that helps protect private data by using an exclusive or

bitwise operation. This is done by adding a mathematical expression that prevents a simple

reverse-engineering process.

zoom level: The degree to which a portion of an image, document, or other screen object is made

to appear closer or farther away relative to its default appearance. This value is usually

expressed as a percentage of the default appearance.

MAY, SHOULD, MUST, SHOULD NOT, MUST NOT: These terms (in all caps) are used as defined

in [RFC2119]. All statements of optional behavior use either MAY, SHOULD, or SHOULD NOT.

1.2 References

Links to a document in the Microsoft Open Specifications library point to the correct section in the

most recently published version of the referenced document. However, because individual documents

in the library are not updated at the same time, the section numbers in the documents may not

match. You can confirm the correct section numbering by checking the Errata.

1.2.1 Normative References

We conduct frequent surveys of the normative references to assure their continued availability. If you

have any issue with finding a normative reference, please contact dochelp@microsoft.com. We will

assist you in finding the relevant information.

[CSS-Level2-2009] World Wide Web Consortium, "Cascading Style Sheets Level 2 Revision 1 (CSS

2.1) Specification", W3C Candidate Recommendation 08 September 2009,

http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/CR-CSS2-20090908/

[ISO/IEC29500-1:2016] ISO/IEC, "Information technology -- Document description and processing

languages -- Office Open XML File Formats -- Part 1: Fundamentals and Markup Language Reference",

ISO/IEC 29500-1:2016, https://www.iso.org/standard/71691.html

[ISO/IEC29500-3:2015] ISO/IEC, "Information technology -- Document description and processing

languages -- Office Open XML File Formats -- Part 3: Markup Compatibility and Extensibility",

https://www.iso.org/standard/65533.html

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[MS-XLSX] - v20180828

Excel (.xlsx) Extensions to the Office Open XML SpreadsheetML File Format

Release: August 28, 2018

[ISO/IEC29500-4:2016] ISO/IEC, "Information technology -- Document description and processing

languages -- Office Open XML File Formats -- Part 4: Transitional Migration Features",

https://www.iso.org/standard/71692.html

[MS-DTYP] Microsoft Corporation, "Windows Data Types".

[MS-ODRAWXML] Microsoft Corporation, "Office Drawing Extensions to Office Open XML Structure".

[MS-OFFCRYPTO] Microsoft Corporation, "Office Document Cryptography Structure".

[MS-OWEXML] Microsoft Corporation, "Office Web Extensibility Extensions to Office Open XML

Structure Specification".

[MS-XLDM] Microsoft Corporation, "Spreadsheet Data Model File Format".

[MS-XLSB] Microsoft Corporation, "Excel (.xlsb) Binary File Format".

[RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC

2119, March 1997, http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc2119.txt

[RFC3066] Alvestrand, H., "Tags for the Identification of Languages", BCP 47, RFC 3066, January

2001, http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3066.txt

[RFC5234] Crocker, D., Ed., and Overell, P., "Augmented BNF for Syntax Specifications: ABNF", STD

68, RFC 5234, January 2008, http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5234.txt

[RFC5646] Phillips, A, and Davis, M., "Tags for Identifying Languages", BCP 47, RFC 4646, September

2006, http://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/bcp/bcp47.txt

[UNICODE5.1] The Unicode Consortium, "The Unicode Standard, Version 5.1.0, defined by: The

Unicode Standard, Version 5.0 (Boston, MA, Addison-Wesley, 2007. ISBN 0-321-48091-0), as

amended by Unicode 5.1.0", http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.1.0/

[W3C-XML] Bray, T., Paoli, J., Sperberg-McQueen, C.M., Maler, E., Yergeau, F., Eds., "Extensible

Markup Language (XML) 1.1 (Second Edition)", W3C Recommendation, August 2006,

http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml11-20060816/

[XMLNS] Bray, T., Hollander, D., Layman, A., et al., Eds., "Namespaces in XML 1.0 (Third Edition)",

W3C Recommendation, December 2009, http://www.w3.org/TR/2009/REC-xml-names-20091208/

[XMLSCHEMA1/2] Thompson, H., Beech, D., Maloney, M., and Mendelsohn, N., Eds., "XML Schema

Part 1: Structures Second Edition", W3C Recommendation, October 2004,

http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-1-20041028/

[XMLSCHEMA2/2] Biron, P., and Malhotra, A., Eds., "XML Schema Part 2: Datatypes Second Edition",

W3C Recommendation, October 2004, http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-2-20041028/

1.2.2 Informative References

[ISO/IEC29500-2:2012] ISO/IEC, "Information technology -- Document description and processing

languages -- Office Open XML File Formats -- Part 2: Open Packaging Conventions", ISO/IEC 29500-

2:2012, http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_ics/catalogue_detail_ics.htm?csnumber=61796

[MS-AZOD] Microsoft Corporation, "Authorization Protocols Overview".

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