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首页ANSYS Fluent UDF教程详解:Release 14.0版研究生实用指南
本教程是关于ANSYS FLUENT UDF (User-Defined Functions) 的详细指南,适用于在数值模拟领域使用商业软件进行研究的研究生。它由ANSYS, Inc.发布于2011年11月,版本为14.0,位于Southpointe的275 Technology Drive,Canonsburg, PA。ANSYS是一家通过ISO 9001:2008认证的企业,其产品和服务在全球享有盛誉。
在本手册中,用户将学习如何编写、创建和应用自定义函数,这些函数是FLUENT软件的核心组成部分,允许用户扩展其模拟能力,实现特定问题的个性化解决方案。UDFs可以用于处理复杂流体动力学问题中的边界条件、物理模型、数据处理等,极大地增强了软件的灵活性和适应性。
版权和商标信息显示,ANSYS及其品牌如FLUENT、CFX、HFSS等均为注册商标,表明了它们的独特所有权。此外,手册还提醒读者,未经许可的使用、复制或分发该软件及文档是严格禁止的,这体现了对知识产权的尊重。
手册中包含的重要部分可能包括以下几个方面:
1. 入门指南:解释什么是UFD,为什么在数值模拟中使用,以及如何在FLUENT的工作流程中整合自定义函数。
2. 函数类型:介绍不同类型的UDF,如标量函数、向量函数、矩阵函数和通用函数,以及它们各自的应用场景。
3. 编程语言支持:讲解ANSYS提供的编程接口,如C/C++、Python等,以及如何编写符合ANSYS规范的代码。
4. 示例与案例研究:提供实际操作步骤和代码示例,帮助用户理解和掌握UFD的使用方法,便于他们在自己的项目中实践。
5. 错误处理和调试:介绍如何识别、诊断和修复UDF运行时可能出现的问题,确保函数的正确性和性能。
6. 最佳实践:分享关于如何优化UDF性能、避免潜在陷阱以及编写可维护代码的实用建议。
7. 安全与保密:强调了使用ANSYS软件产品的保密责任,确保用户在处理敏感数据时遵循正确的保密协议。
8. 后续支持:联系方式和资源链接,方便用户获取技术支持或访问最新的ANSYS FLUENT UDF更新和文档。
通过阅读此教程,研究生和专业用户可以深入了解如何充分利用ANSYS FLUENT的UDF功能,提升他们的数值模拟能力,解决更复杂的工程问题。
6.2.20. Hooking DEFINE_REACTING_CHANNEL_SOLVER UDFs ................................................. 328
6.2.21. Hooking DEFINE_SCAT_PHASE_FUNC UDFs ................................................................... 329
6.2.22. Hooking DEFINE_SOLAR_INTENSITY UDFs ................................................................... 331
6.2.23. Hooking DEFINE_SOLIDIFICATION_PARAMS UDFs ...................................................... 332
6.2.24. Hooking DEFINE_SOURCE UDFs ....................................................................................... 333
6.2.25. Hooking DEFINE_SOX_RATE UDFs .................................................................................. 335
6.2.26. Hooking DEFINE_SPARK_GEOM UDFs .............................................................................. 337
6.2.27. Hooking DEFINE_SPECIFIC_HEAT UDFs ....................................................................... 338
6.2.28. Hooking DEFINE_SR_RATE UDFs .................................................................................... 339
6.2.29. Hooking DEFINE_THICKENED_FLAME_MODEL UDFs ...................................................... 340
6.2.30. Hooking DEFINE_TRANS UDFs ......................................................................................... 341
6.2.31. Hooking DEFINE_TRANSIENT_PROFILE UDFs .............................................................. 342
6.2.32. Hooking DEFINE_TURB_PREMIX_SOURCE UDFs ............................................................ 343
6.2.33. Hooking DEFINE_TURB_SCHMIDT UDFs ......................................................................... 344
6.2.34. Hooking DEFINE_TURBULENT_VISCOSITY UDFs .......................................................... 345
6.2.35. Hooking DEFINE_VR_RATE UDFs .................................................................................... 346
6.2.36. Hooking DEFINE_WALL_FUNCTIONS UDFs ..................................................................... 347
6.2.37. Hooking DEFINE_WSGGM_ABS_COEFF UDFs ................................................................... 348
6.3. Hooking Multiphase UDFs ............................................................................................................. 350
6.3.1. Hooking DEFINE_BOILING_PROPERTY UDFs ................................................................... 350
6.3.2. Hooking DEFINE_CAVITATION_RATE UDFs ..................................................................... 351
6.3.3. Hooking DEFINE_EXCHANGE_PROPERTY UDFs ................................................................ 353
6.3.4. Hooking DEFINE_HET_RXN_RATE UDFs ........................................................................... 355
6.3.5. Hooking DEFINE_LINEARIZED_MASS_TRANSFER UDFs ................................................. 356
6.3.6. Hooking DEFINE_MASS_TRANSFER UDFs ......................................................................... 356
6.3.7. Hooking DEFINE_VECTOR_EXCHANGE_PROPERTY UDFs ................................................. 357
6.4. Hooking Discrete Phase Model (DPM) UDFs ................................................................................... 359
6.4.1. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_BC UDFs ......................................................................................... 360
6.4.2. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_BODY_FORCE UDFs ....................................................................... 361
6.4.3. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_DRAG UDFs .................................................................................... 361
6.4.4. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_EROSION UDFs .............................................................................. 362
6.4.5. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_HEAT_MASS UDFs ......................................................................... 363
6.4.6. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_INJECTION_INIT UDFs .............................................................. 364
6.4.7. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_LAW UDFs ...................................................................................... 365
6.4.8. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_OUTPUT UDFs ................................................................................ 366
6.4.9. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_PROPERTY UDFs ........................................................................... 367
6.4.10. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SCALAR_UPDATE UDFs .............................................................. 369
6.4.11. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SOURCE UDFs .............................................................................. 370
6.4.12. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SPRAY_COLLIDE UDFs .............................................................. 370
6.4.13. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_SWITCH UDFs .............................................................................. 371
6.4.14. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_TIMESTEP UDFs ......................................................................... 372
6.4.15. Hooking DEFINE_DPM_VP_EQUILIB UDFs ..................................................................... 373
6.5. Hooking Dynamic Mesh UDFs ....................................................................................................... 375
6.5.1. Hooking DEFINE_CG_MOTION UDFs .................................................................................. 375
6.5.2. Hooking DEFINE_DYNAMIC_ZONE_PROPERTY UDFs ........................................................ 376
6.5.2.1. Hooking a Swirl Center UDF ......................................................................................... 376
6.5.2.2. Hooking a Variable Cell Layering Height UDF ................................................................ 377
6.5.3. Hooking DEFINE_GEOM UDFs ............................................................................................. 378
6.5.4. Hooking DEFINE_GRID_MOTION UDFs .............................................................................. 379
6.5.5. Hooking DEFINE_SDOF_PROPERTIES UDFs ..................................................................... 380
6.6. Hooking User-Defined Scalar (UDS) Transport Equation UDFs ........................................................ 381
6.6.1. Hooking DEFINE_ANISOTROPIC_DIFFUSIVITY UDFs ................................................... 382
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6.6.2. Hooking DEFINE_UDS_FLUX UDFs .................................................................................... 383
6.6.3. Hooking DEFINE_UDS_UNSTEADY UDFs ........................................................................... 384
6.7. Common Errors While Hooking a UDF to ANSYS FLUENT ................................................................ 385
7. Parallel Considerations ....................................................................................................................... 387
7.1. Overview of Parallel ANSYS FLUENT ............................................................................................... 387
7.1.1. Command Transfer and Communication ............................................................................... 389
7.2. Cells and Faces in a Partitioned Mesh ............................................................................................. 390
7.2.1. Cell Types in a Partitioned Mesh ............................................................................................ 390
7.2.2. Faces at Partition Boundaries ................................................................................................ 391
7.2.3. PRINCIPAL_FACE_P ......................................................................................................... 392
7.2.4. Exterior Thread Storage ........................................................................................................ 392
7.2.5. Extended Neighborhood ...................................................................................................... 392
7.3. Parallelizing Your Serial UDF .......................................................................................................... 394
7.4. Parallelization of Discrete Phase Model (DPM) UDFs ....................................................................... 394
7.5. Macros for Parallel UDFs ................................................................................................................ 395
7.5.1. Compiler Directives .............................................................................................................. 395
7.5.2. Communicating Between the Host and Node Processes ........................................................ 397
7.5.2.1. Host-to-Node Data Transfer .......................................................................................... 397
7.5.2.2. Node-to-Host Data Transfer .......................................................................................... 398
7.5.3. Predicates ............................................................................................................................ 398
7.5.4. Global Reduction Macros ...................................................................................................... 399
7.5.4.1. Global Summations ..................................................................................................... 400
7.5.4.2. Global Maximums and Minimums ................................................................................ 400
7.5.4.3. Global Logicals ............................................................................................................ 401
7.5.4.4. Global Synchronization ................................................................................................ 402
7.5.5. Looping Macros ................................................................................................................... 402
7.5.5.1. Looping Over Cells ....................................................................................................... 402
7.5.5.2. Interior Cell Looping Macro .......................................................................................... 402
7.5.5.3. Exterior Cell Looping Macro ......................................................................................... 403
7.5.5.4. Interior and Exterior Cell Looping Macro ...................................................................... 403
7.5.5.5. Looping Over Faces ..................................................................................................... 404
7.5.6. Cell and Face Partition ID Macros .......................................................................................... 405
7.5.6.1. Cell Partition IDs .......................................................................................................... 405
7.5.6.2. Face Partition IDs ......................................................................................................... 406
7.5.7. Message Displaying Macros .................................................................................................. 406
7.5.8. Message Passing Macros ...................................................................................................... 407
7.5.9. Macros for Exchanging Data Between Compute Nodes ......................................................... 409
7.6. Limitations of Parallel UDFs ........................................................................................................... 410
7.7. Process Identification .................................................................................................................... 411
7.8. Parallel UDF Example .................................................................................................................... 412
7.9. Reading and Writing Files in Parallel .............................................................................................. 413
7.9.1. Reading Files in Parallel ........................................................................................................ 414
7.9.2.Writing Files in Parallel .......................................................................................................... 414
8. Examples ............................................................................................................................................. 417
8.1. Step-By-Step UDF Example ........................................................................................................... 417
8.1.1. Process Overview ................................................................................................................. 417
8.1.2. Step 1: Define Your Problem .................................................................................................. 418
8.1.3. Step 2: Create a C Source File ................................................................................................ 420
8.1.4. Step 3: Start ANSYS FLUENT and Read (or Set Up) the Case File .............................................. 420
8.1.5. Step 4: Interpret or Compile the Source File ........................................................................... 421
8.1.5.1. Interpret the Source File ............................................................................................... 421
8.1.5.2. Compile the Source File ............................................................................................... 423
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ANSYS FLUENT UDF Manual
8.1.6. Step 5: Hook the UDF to ANSYS FLUENT ................................................................................ 426
8.1.7. Step 6: Run the Calculation ................................................................................................... 426
8.1.8. Step 7: Analyze the Numerical Solution and Compare to Expected Results ............................. 427
8.2. Detailed UDF Examples ................................................................................................................. 427
8.2.1. Boundary Conditions ............................................................................................................ 427
8.2.1.1. Parabolic Velocity Inlet Profile in an Elbow Duct ............................................................ 428
8.2.1.2.Transient Pressure Outlet Profile for Flow in a Tube ....................................................... 432
8.2.2. Source Terms ........................................................................................................................ 437
8.2.2.1. Adding a Momentum Source to a Duct Flow ................................................................ 437
8.2.3. Physical Properties ............................................................................................................... 442
8.2.3.1. Solidification via a Temperature-Dependent Viscosity ................................................... 442
8.2.4. Reaction Rates ..................................................................................................................... 445
8.2.4.1. Volume Reaction Rate .................................................................................................. 446
8.2.5. User-Defined Scalars ............................................................................................................ 449
8.2.5.1. Postprocessing Using User-Defined Scalars .................................................................. 449
8.2.5.2. Implementing ANSYS FLUENT’s P-1 Radiation Model Using User-Defined Scalars .......... 451
8.2.6. User-Defined Real Gas Models (UDRGM) ............................................................................... 454
8.2.6.1. UDRGM Example: Redlich-Kwong Equation of State ...................................................... 454
8.2.6.2. Specific Volume and Density ........................................................................................ 455
8.2.6.3. Derivatives of Specific Volume and Density .................................................................. 456
8.2.6.4. Specific Heat and Enthalpy ........................................................................................... 457
8.2.6.5. Entropy ....................................................................................................................... 458
8.2.6.6. Speed of Sound ........................................................................................................... 458
8.2.6.7. Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity .............................................................................. 459
8.2.6.8. Using the Redlich-Kwong Real Gas UDRGM .................................................................. 460
8.2.6.9. Redlich-Kwong Real Gas UDRGM Code Listing .............................................................. 460
8.2.6.9.1. UDRGM Example: Multiple-Species Real Gas Model .............................................. 466
8.2.6.9.2. UDRGM Example: Real Gas Model with Volumetric Reactions ............................... 472
A. C Programming Basics ........................................................................................................................... 485
A.1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 485
A.2. Commenting Your C Code ............................................................................................................. 485
A.3. C Data Types in ANSYS FLUENT ..................................................................................................... 486
A.4. Constants ..................................................................................................................................... 486
A.5.Variables ....................................................................................................................................... 486
A.5.1. Declaring Variables .............................................................................................................. 487
A.5.2. External Variables ................................................................................................................. 487
A.5.2.1. Example ...................................................................................................................... 487
A.5.3. Static Variables ..................................................................................................................... 488
A.5.3.1. Example - Static Global Variable ................................................................................... 488
A.6. User-Defined Data Types ............................................................................................................... 489
A.6.1. Example .............................................................................................................................. 489
A.7. Casting ......................................................................................................................................... 489
A.8. Functions ..................................................................................................................................... 489
A.9. Arrays ........................................................................................................................................... 490
A.9.1. Examples ............................................................................................................................. 490
A.10. Pointers ...................................................................................................................................... 490
A.10.1. Pointers as Function Arguments ......................................................................................... 491
A.11. Control Statements ..................................................................................................................... 491
A.11.1. if Statement ..................................................................................................................... 491
A.11.1.1. Example .................................................................................................................... 491
A.11.2. if-else Statement .......................................................................................................... 491
A.11.2.1. Example .................................................................................................................... 491
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A.11.3. for Loops ......................................................................................................................... 492
A.11.3.1. Example .................................................................................................................... 492
A.12. Common C Operators ................................................................................................................. 492
A.12.1. Arithmetic Operators ......................................................................................................... 492
A.12.2. Logical Operators ............................................................................................................... 493
A.13. C Library Functions ..................................................................................................................... 493
A.13.1. Trigonometric Functions .................................................................................................... 493
A.13.2. Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions ............................................................................... 493
A.13.3. Standard I/O Functions ....................................................................................................... 494
A.13.3.1. fopen ...................................................................................................................... 495
A.13.3.2. fclose .................................................................................................................... 495
A.13.3.3. printf .................................................................................................................... 495
A.13.3.4. fprintf .................................................................................................................. 496
A.13.3.5. fscanf .................................................................................................................... 496
A.14. Preprocessor Directives ............................................................................................................... 496
A.14.1. Macro Substitution Directive Using #define .................................................................... 497
A.14.2. File Inclusion Directive Using #include ............................................................................ 497
A.15. Comparison with FORTRAN ......................................................................................................... 497
B. DEFINE Macro Definitions .................................................................................................................... 499
B.1. General Solver DEFINE Macros ..................................................................................................... 499
B.2. Model-Specific DEFINE Macro Definitions .................................................................................... 499
B.3. Multiphase DEFINE Macros .......................................................................................................... 501
B.4. Dynamic Mesh Model DEFINE Macros ......................................................................................... 501
B.5. Discrete Phase Model DEFINE Macros .......................................................................................... 502
B.6. User-Defined Scalar (UDS) DEFINE Macros ................................................................................... 502
C. Quick Reference Guide for Multiphase DEFINE Macros .......................................................................... 505
C.1.VOF Model .................................................................................................................................... 505
C.2. Mixture Model .............................................................................................................................. 507
C.3. Eulerian Model - Laminar Flow ...................................................................................................... 510
C.4. Eulerian Model - Mixture Turbulence Flow ..................................................................................... 513
C.5. Eulerian Model - Dispersed Turbulence Flow .................................................................................. 516
C.6. Eulerian Model - Per Phase Turbulence Flow .................................................................................. 518
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................. 521
Index ........................................................................................................................................................ 523
xix
Release 14.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
ANSYS FLUENT UDF Manual
Release 14.0 - © SAS IP, Inc. All rights reserved. - Contains proprietary and confidential information
of ANSYS, Inc. and its subsidiaries and affiliates.
xx
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