Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Release 1安装指南

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Oracle Fusion Middleware的《Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Release 1 (12.1.1) 安装指南》是一份详细的文档，旨在指导用户如何在Oracle WebLogic Server 12c环境中进行安装。这份E24492-03版本的文档发布于2012年2月，版权属于Oracle及其关联公司，所有权利受到保留。使用该软件和相关文档时，必须遵守许可协议中的使用和披露限制，并且除非法律另有规定或在许可证协议中明确允许，否则禁止进行复制、修改、分发等行为。该安装指南详细介绍了安装过程，包括但不限于以下内容： 1. **概述**：文档首先提供了关于Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Release 1的主要特性和优势，以及它在Oracle Fusion Middleware架构中的角色。 2. **系统要求**：安装前需要确保硬件和操作系统满足最低和推荐的要求，如处理器、内存、硬盘空间、操作系统版本等。 3. **安装准备**：文档列出了安装前的准备工作，包括下载安装文件、关闭防火墙、创建安装目录、备份现有数据等。 4. **安装步骤**：指南按顺序指导用户完成安装过程，包括运行安装脚本、配置基础环境、选择安装类型（例如单服务器、集群、管理服务器等）、设置管理员账户、选择特性安装、网络配置、安全选项设置等关键步骤。 5. **许可证管理**：涉及许可证文件的处理，确保正确授权和遵守Oracle的软件许可政策。 6. **安装验证**：提供检查安装是否成功的步骤，包括启动WebLogic Server、访问管理控制台以及运行基本示例应用来测试功能。 7. **故障排除和常见问题**：文档还包含了一些可能出现的问题及其解决方法，帮助用户在安装过程中遇到问题时能快速定位和处理。 8. **后续维护**：介绍如何进行常规的更新、维护和升级，以及如何查阅更高级别的文档获取进一步支持。 9. **法律声明**：最后强调了软件使用限制和反逆向工程的规定，提醒用户遵守相关法律法规。《Oracle WebLogic Server 12c Release 1 安装指南》是一份全面且权威的文档，对于任何希望在企业级应用环境中部署和管理Oracle WebLogic Server的IT专业人员来说，是不可或缺的参考资料。

Installation Prerequisites

2-4 Oracle Fusion Middleware Installation Guide for Oracle WebLogic Server

2.3.2 WebLogic Server Installation User

The user account you use when installing WebLogic Server is important. Please review

the following information before deciding which user account to use:

■ If you are using the Generic Package installer or the Linux 64-bit installer, Oracle

recommends that you set the umask to 027 on your system prior to installation.

This ensures that WebLogic Server file permissions will be set properly during

installation. Use the following command:

umask 027

You must enter this command in the same terminal window from which you plan

to run the WebLogic Server installer.

■ When installing WebLogic Server on a UNIX or Linux operating system, do not

run the installation program as the root user.

■ When using a WebLogic Server Upgrade installer to upgrade an existing

WebLogic Server installation on Linux or UNIX operating systems, you must run

the Upgrade installer using the same user ID as was used to perform the initial

WebLogic Server installation.

Table 2–1 System Requirements

Component Requirement

Platform

configuration

A supported configuration of hardware, operating system, JDK, and

database specific to the product you are installing.

For the most up-to-date information about other prerequisites and

recommendations, such as recommended versions of the JDK, see the

Oracle Fusion Middleware Supported System Configurations page at

http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/ias/

files/fusion_certification.html.

Processor 1-GHz CPU

Hard disk drive A complete installation (including SDKs) requires approximately 3.9 GB of

disk space. This includes temporary disk space that is needed during

installation. Depending on the components you choose to install, and the

installer that you are using, less disk space may be needed.

For more information, see Section 2.3.4, "Temporary Disk Space

Requirements."

Memory A minimum of 1 GB RAM, although Oracle recommends 2 GB of RAM.

Color bit depth

display

For graphical-mode installation, 8-bit color depth (256 colors) is required.

For console-mode and silent-mode installation, there is no color bit depth

requirement.

JDK The installation program requires a Java run-time environment (JRE) to

run. A JRE is bundled in the Windows 32-bit and Linux x86 installation

programs, as well as in some UNIX installation programs (those with file

names ending in .bin).

For other platforms, the installation program does not install a JDK. File

names for these installation programs end in .jar. To run the .jar

installation programs, you must have the appropriate version of the JDK

installed on your system, and include the bin directory of the JDK at the

beginning of the PATH variable definition.

Note: It is important that you use a JDK because the installation process

assigns values to JAVA_HOME and related variables to point to the JDK

directory. All scripts installed by the installation program use this JDK by

default, including scripts to start sample applications, the Configuration

Wizard, and other development tools.

Installation Prerequisites

Preparing for Installation 2-5

■ On Windows systems, if you want the option to create the Start menu shortcuts in

the All Users folder, or in the Local User's Start menu folder, you must use an

account that has administrator privileges when you log in to the target system. See

Section 2.3.5, "Administrator Privileges," for more information.

2.3.3 Before You Start the Installation Program

Before you start the installation program, review the following information:

■ If you are using the Generic Package installer or the Linux 64-bit installer to install

WebLogic Server on a UNIX or Linux system, Oracle recommends that you set the

umask to 027 on your system prior to installation. This ensures that WebLogic

Server file permissions will be set properly during installation. Use the following

command:

umask 027

You must enter this command in the same terminal window from which you plan

to run the WebLogic Server installer.

■ If you are installing the software in graphical mode on a UNIX or Linux machine,

you must set the DISPLAY environment variable before running the installer.

■ If you want to use WebLogic Server with JDK 7, review the information in

Appendix D, "Using WebLogic Server with JDK 7," prior to starting the WebLogic

Server installation.

■ If you are using a .jar installer, replace JAVA_HOME with the installation

location of the supported JDK you installed for your platform.

■ Make sure that you are installing your product on a supported hardware or

software configuration. For more information, see the Oracle Fusion Middleware

Supported System Configurations page at

http://www.oracle.com/technology/software/products/ias/files/

fusion_certification.html.

■ You cannot reinstall a product on top of a previously installed version of the same

product, either in the same Middleware home directory or in the same file

location.

You can, however, add products and product components to an existing

installation. For example, you can install Core Application Server, Administration

Console, and Configuration Wizard Upgrade Framework during one installation,

and add WebLogic JDBC Drivers and Server Examples during a separate

installation. To reinstall the same version of a product, however, you must first

uninstall the previous installation, as described in Chapter 7, "Uninstalling the

Software."

You can also install patches to an existing installation using an Upgrade installer

or Smart Update. For example, you can use a WebLogic Server 10.3.6 Upgrade

installer to upgrade an existing version 10.3.0 installation to version 10.3.6.

■ If you are adding components to an existing installation of WebLogic Server, you

should shut down any running servers before starting the installation.

2.3.4 Temporary Disk Space Requirements

The installation program uses a temporary directory into which it extracts the files that

are needed to install the software on the target system. During the installation process,

your temporary directory must contain sufficient space to accommodate the

compressed Java Run-time Environment (JRE) bundled with the installation program

Installation Prerequisites

2-6 Oracle Fusion Middleware Installation Guide for Oracle WebLogic Server

and an uncompressed copy of the JRE that is expanded into the temporary directory.

The extracted files are deleted from the temporary directory after the installation

process. The files in the temporary directory require approximately 2.5 times the space

that is ultimately required for the installation.

By default, the installation program uses the following temporary directories:

■ Windows platforms—directory referenced by the TMP system variable

■ UNIX platforms—system-dependent temporary directory

To make sure that you have adequate temporary space, you may want to allocate an

alternate directory for this purpose. To do so, follow the instructions provided in

Table 2–2.

2.3.5 Administrator Privileges

On Windows systems, if you want the option to create the Start menu shortcuts in the

All Users folder, or in the Local User's Start menu folder, you must use an account that

has administrator privileges when you log in to the target system.

Table 2–3 describes the available options.

Note: If you do not have enough temporary space to run the

installation program, you are prompted to specify an alternate

directory or exit the installation program.

Table 2–2 Setting Up the Temporary Directory

Platform Procedure

Windows Do one of the following:

■ Set the TMP system variable to a directory of your choice.

■ If you run the installation program from the command line, include the

-Djava.io.tmpdir=tmpdirpath option, replacing tmpdirpath with

the full path of the directory you want to designate as a temporary storage

area for the installation program.

For example, to set up the temporary directory while running the

WebLogic Server Package installer for Windows, execute this command:

wls1036_win32.exe -mode=console -Djava.io.tmpdir=C:\Temp

UNIX Enter the following option on the command line when you start the installation

program:

-Djava.io.tmpdir=tmpdirpath

Here, tmpdirpath is the full path of the directory you want to designate as a

temporary storage area for the installation program.

Table 2–3 Available Shortcut Options

Option Behavior

All Users All users registered on the machine are provided with access to the installed

software. Subsequently, if users without administrator privileges use the

Configuration Wizard from this installation to create WebLogic domains, Start

menu shortcuts to the domains are not created. In this case, users can

manually create shortcuts in their local Start menu folders, if desired.

Local User Other users registered on this machine do not have access to the Start menu

entries for this installation.

Selecting Directories for Installation

Preparing for Installation 2-7

If a user without administrator privileges installs the software, the Start menu entries

are created in the user's local Start menu folder.

2.3.6 About Installing Node Manager as a Windows Service

When installing your software on a Windows platform, you can optionally install

WebLogic Server Node Manager as a Windows service. The WebLogic Server Node

Manager is used to:

■ Start and stop server instances—both Administration Servers and Managed

Servers—remotely.

■ Monitor the self-reported health of servers and automatically kill server instances

whose health state is FAILED.

■ Migrate servers in a WebLogic Server cluster.

■ Automatically restart servers that have the "failed" health state, or have shut down

unexpectedly due to a system crash or reboot.

In a multi-machine environment, you must install Node Manager on each machine

that hosts Managed Server and Administration Server instances of WebLogic Server.

To install the Node Manager Windows Service during an initial installation, you must

select a Custom installation. For more information, refer to the chapter that is

appropriate for the type of installation you are performing:

■ Chapter 3, "Running the Installation Program in Graphical Mode"

■ Chapter 4, "Running the Installation Program in Console Mode"

■ Chapter 5, "Running the Installation Program in Silent Mode"

If you do not install the service during the initial installation, you can install it after

installation using the installNodeMgrSvc.cmd command. You can also uninstall it

at any time using the uninstallNodeMgrSvc.cmd command. For more information,

see Section 6.4, "Installing and Uninstalling the Node Manager Service.".

2.4 Selecting Directories for Installation

During the installation process, you must specify locations for the following home

directories:

■ Oracle Fusion Middleware

■ WebLogic Server, Coherence (if applicable)

The following illustration shows the basic Middleware home and Middleware

products directory structure. Additional directories and files are also located in the

Middleware home directory, as described in Table 2–4. The user_projects directory

is not present until you create your first WebLogic domain.

Note: You must have Administrator privileges to install Node

Manager as a Windows service.

Note: When installing in silent mode, you do not specify a Custom

installation. Set the INSTALL_NODE_MANAGER_SERVICE data-value

to yes to install the service.

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