探索iOS5开发：从入门到精通 - CSDN文库

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"初识iOS5开发" 《 Beginning iOS5 Development》是一本专为英语学习者设计的优秀iOS应用开发入门指南，涵盖了iPhone、iPad和iPod touch的应用开发。作者Dave Mark、Jack Nutting和Jeff LaMarche通过这本书，旨在帮助初学者理解iOS应用的工作原理并掌握开发技巧。在iOS这个激动人心的平台上，无论是iPhone、iPad还是iPod touch，其操作系统iOS都是一个引人注目的创新。自苹果公司推出iOS软件开发工具包（SDK）以来，开发者们有了优雅且文档丰富的工具来构建iOS应用程序。随着iOS 4版本SDK的发布，开发环境变得更加友好和功能强大。本书的核心内容： 1. **欢迎来到丛林**：这部分介绍了iOS开发的基本背景，激发读者的兴趣，阐述了iOS平台为何对开发者具有吸引力，并简述了iOS 4 SDK带来的改进。 2. **iOS应用的基础**：书中会详细介绍iOS应用的基本架构和工作原理，包括用户界面、数据管理、多任务处理等基础知识。 3. **编程语言与Xcode**：讲解Objective-C语言基础，这是iOS开发的主要编程语言，以及如何使用Xcode IDE进行项目设置和调试。 4. **UIKit框架**：深入探索UIKit框架，它是构建iOS用户界面的关键，包括控件、视图、手势识别等元素的使用。 5. **Core Data**：介绍Apple的数据持久化框架Core Data，包括模型、上下文和存储的概念，以及如何进行数据管理。 6. **网络与多媒体**：讲解如何在应用中实现网络通信，如HTTP请求、JSON解析，以及如何处理音频、视频等多媒体内容。 7. **游戏开发**：对于有兴趣开发游戏的读者，会介绍基础的游戏编程概念，如使用Sprite Kit或Game Center实现游戏功能。 8. **推送通知与地理位置服务**：涵盖如何集成推送通知，以及如何利用GPS和其他定位服务为应用添加位置感知功能。 9. **测试与发布**：指导读者如何进行应用测试，使用Xcode的内置工具进行调试，以及如何将应用提交到App Store进行分发。 10. **进阶主题**：包括多线程、内存管理、性能优化等高级话题，帮助开发者提升应用的性能和用户体验。通过书中的实例应用，读者将逐步掌握iOS开发的关键技能，从创建简单的界面到实现复杂的功能，一步步深入iOS开发的世界。这本书不仅适合初学者，也为有经验的开发者提供了一个快速了解iOS开发的良好起点。

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

15

Figure 2–1. The Xcode welcome window. Note that if this is the first time you are running Xcode, there will be no

recent projects. This will change as you make your way through the book.

NOTE: If you have an iOS device connected to your machine, you might see a message when you

first launch Xcode asking whether you want to use that device for development. Alternatively, a

window titled Organizer, designed to list the devices you’ll be working with, might appear. For

now, click the Ignore button or, in the case of the Organizer window, close the window. If you

choose to join the paid iOS Developer Program, you will gain access to a program portal that will

tell you how to use your iOS device for development and testing.

Create a new project by selecting File ➤ New Project..., or by pressing N, which will

bring up the New Project assistant (see Figure 2–2). The pane on the left side of the

sheet is divided into two main sections: iOS and Mac OS X.

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

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Your project window features a toolbar across the top, which gives you ready access to

a lot of commonly used commands. Below the toolbar, the window is divided into three

main sections, or panes.

The pane that runs down the left side of the window is called the Groups & Files pane.

All of the resources that make up your project are grouped here, as are a number of

relevant project settings. Just as in the Finder, clicking the little triangle to the left of an

item expands that item to show available subitems. Click the triangle again to hide the

subitems.

The top-right pane is called the Detail View (or just Detail pane) and shows you detailed

information about items selected in the Groups & Files pane. The lower-right pane is

called the Editor pane. If you select a single file in either the Groups & Files or Detail

pane and Xcode knows how to display that kind of file, the contents of the file will be

displayed in the Editor pane. Editable files, such as source code, can also be edited

here. In fact, this is where you will be writing and editing your application’s source code.

Now that we have the terminology out of the way, take a look at the Groups & Files

pane. The first item in the list should bear the same name as your project, in this case,

Hello World. This item is the gathering point for the source code and the other resources

specific to your project. For the time being, don’t worry about the items in the Groups &

Files pane except those under Hello World.

Take a look at Figure 2–4. Note that the disclosure triangle to the left of Hello World is

open, and there are five subfolders: Classes, Other Sources, Resources, Frameworks,

and Products. Let’s briefly talk about what each subfolder is used for:

 Classes is where you will spend much of your time. This is where most

of the code that you write will go, since this is where all Objective-C

classes rightfully belong. You are free to create subfolders under the

Classes folder to help organize your code. We’ll be using this folder

starting in the next chapter.

 Other Sources contains source code files that aren’t Objective-C

classes. Typically, you won’t spend a lot of time in the Other Sources

folder. When you create a new iPhone application project, there are

two files in this folder:



Hello_World_Prefix.pch: The extension .pch stands for

“precompiled header.” This is a list of header files from external

frameworks that are used by our project. Xcode will precompile

the headers contained in this file, which will reduce the amount

of time it takes to compile your project whenever you select Build

or Build and Go. It will be a while before you have to worry about

this, because the most commonly used header files are already

included for you.

 main.m: This is where your application’s main() function is. You

normally won’t need to edit or change this file.

CHAPTER 2: Appeasing the Tiki Gods

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 Resources contains noncode files that will be included as part of your

application. This is where you will include files such as your

application’s icon image and other images, sound files, movie files,

text files, or property lists that your program may need while it’s

running. Remember, since your application runs in its own sandbox,

you will have to include any files you need here, because you won’t be

able to access files located elsewhere on the iPhone except through

sanctioned APIs, such as the ones that provide access to the iPhone’s

photo library and address book. There should be three items in this

folder:

 Hello_WorldViewController.xib: This file contains information

used by the program Interface Builder, which we’ll take for a spin

a bit later in this chapter.

 MainWindow.xib: This is your application’s main Interface Builder

(or “nib”) file. In a simple application like the one we’re building in

this chapter, there’s often no need to touch this file. In later

chapters, when we design more complex interfaces, we will work

with this file and look at it in more depth.

 Hello_World-Info.plist: This is a property list that contains

information about our application. We’ll look at this file a little bit

later in the chapter too.

 Frameworks are a special kind of library that can contain code as well

as resources such as image and sound files. Any framework or library

that you add to this folder will be linked in to your application, and your

code will be able to use objects, functions, and resources contained in

that framework or library. The most commonly needed frameworks

and libraries are linked in to our project by default, so most of the time,

we will not need to do anything with this folder. Less commonly used

libraries and frameworks, however, are not included by default, and

you will see how to link to them into an application later in this book.

 Products contains the application that this project produces when it is

compiled. If you expand Products, you’ll see an item called Hello

World.app. This is the application that this particular project creates.

Hello World.app is this project’s only product. Right now, Hello

World.app is listed in red, which means that the file cannot be found,

which makes sense, since we haven’t compiled our project yet!

Highlighting a file’s name in red is Xcode’s way of telling us that it

can’t find the underlying physical file.

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