使用Yii 2和PHP框架快速开发Web应用程序

yii2

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Preface

This book is a guide that describes the process of incremental, test-rst development

of a web application using Yii framework Version 2.

The Yii framework, hosted at

http://www.yiiframework.com/, is a PHP-based

application framework built around the Model-View-Controller composite pattern.

It is suitable for building both web and console applications, but its feature set makes

it most useful for web applications. It has several code generation facilities, including

the full create-read-update-delete (CRUD) interface maker. It relies heavily on the

conventions expressed in its default conguration settings.

Overall, if all you need is a fancy interface for the underlying database, there

is probably nothing better for you than the Yii framework. Given the extensive

conguration options, any kind of application can be made from Yii.

Version 2 of the Yii framework is built utilizing the latest improvements in the PHP

infrastructure collected over the years. It uses the Composer utility (see

https://

getcomposer.org/

) as a primary distribution method, PSR levels 1, 2, and 4 from

the PHP Framework Interop Group guidelines (see http://www.php-fig.org/),

and PHP 5.4+ features, such as short array syntax and closures.

At the time of writing, Yii 2 is at the stage of late beta. Some changes are expected,

but there should not be backward-compatibility-breaking changes anymore. Thus,

the content of this book can be reasonably trusted even if the framework can attain

some additional features after this book is published.

What this book covers

Chapter 1, Getting Started, covers the simplest possible methods to raise a working

web application completely from scratch using the Yii framework.

Preface

[ 2 ]

Chapter 2, Making a Custom Application with Yii 2, shows how the process of

implementation of a web application with a single, working, tested feature can

be done from scratch using the Yii framework.

Chapter 3, Automatically Generating the CRUD Code, shows how we can implement

a working, tested feature in an existing web application using only the code

generation facilities and not a line of custom code written.

Chapter 4, The Renderer, describes the details of how the framework renders its output

and presents some tricks to introduce customizations to the rendering process.

Chapter 5, User Authentication, discusses the tools to provide authentication to

application visitors.

Chapter 6, User Authorization and Access Control, explains the ways to control access

for application visitors, and, especially, about the role-based access control system.

Chapter 7, Modules, returns from the exact features of the framework to its

fundamentals. Here we will clearly understand the internal structure and logic

of the Yii-based application and how it inuences the overall design.

Chapter 8, Overall Behavior, is about the infrastructure of the Yii-based application.

We will learn about several features that affect the application as a whole.

Chapter 9, Making an Extension, tells us how to make the extension to the Yii 2

framework and prepare it so that it is installable in the same way as the extensions

built-in to the basic distribution of the framework itself.

Chapter 10, Events and Behaviors, investigates the intricacies of the system inside

the Yii 2 framework allowing us to attach custom behavior to many of the usual

activities of the application, such as fetching a record from the database or rendering

a view le.

Chapter 11, The Grid, has two purposes. First, it explains the powerful and complex

GridView widget, which allows you to make complicated, table-based interfaces

relatively easily. Second, it presents a different approach in developing applications

using the Yii 2 framework, the one that is customary in its community, so you can

see both the advantages and the disadvantages of both approaches.

Chapter 12, Route Management, explains the top level of the framework, that is, how it

responds to HTTP requests from actual visitors.

Chapter 13, Collaborative Work, concludes the book by presenting the methods that

help to manage the code base of a Yii-based application when there are several

developers working on it.

Preface

[ 3 ]

Appendix A, Deployment Setup with Vagrant, shows a simple way to construct a virtual

machine for your local development, which you can use for building the examples

from this book.

Appendix B, The Active Form Primer, contains an extension to Chapter 11, The Grid, in

which we use another powerful user interface widget of Yii 2, the ActiveForm. It

was excluded from the chapter text because it's not directly related to the GridView

widget, but we could not gloss over it completely. Without the ActiveForm, the

feature we were building in Chapter 11, The Grid, is not complete.

Through the course of the book, starting from Chapter 2, Making a Custom Application

with Yii 2, we'll be working with a single code base. Later chapters will build over

the work previously done, so the book is expected to be read sequentially, without

skipping or changing order.

Who this book is for

The text is targeted at existing, established developers who want to learn quickly

whether the Yii framework can t their demands and, especially, workow. It is not

a reference, but rather a guide. More than that, the reader is expected to have a copy

of the source code and an ofcial documentation as supplementary material

while reading.

We will expect some relatively high qualications from the reader, as several basic

development concepts such as POSIX-compatible command line, version control

system, deployment pipeline, automated testing harness, and an ability to navigate

through the code base by fully qualied names of classes are assumed as obvious

and not requiring any explanation.

What you need for this book

A workstation with the full LAMP stack installed, that is, having Apache web

server, MySQL relational database management system, and PHP runtime installed

over some Linux-based distribution. If the reader is capable enough, then any of

these requirements can be swapped for different vendors, except PHP, which is

quite obvious.

You have to use PHP Version 5.4 and higher, because it's a requirement for Yii 2,

and generally, you don't have any reason to use previous versions anymore.

Even if you don't use a POSIX-compatible OS, such as any Linux-based distribution

or Mac OS X, you should have a Bash-like shell, as all command-line examples in

this book assume the availability of this shell.

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