C# 7与.NET Core深度探索：Pro C# 7 with .NET Core 第8版指南

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《Pro C# 7 with .NET Core》第八版是一本专为IT专业人士设计的权威指南，由Andrew Troelsen和Philip Japikse合著。本书的核心内容聚焦于C# 7.0语言的新特性和.NET Core框架的最新进展，深入讲解了C# 7.0的革新特性以及如何利用这些特性在.NET Core环境中进行高效、现代的软件开发。 C# 7.0是Microsoft推出的一个重要版本，它对C#语言进行了诸多改进，旨在提升代码的可读性、性能和生产力。书中可能会涉及以下关键知识点： 1. **新特性**：C# 7.0引入了如异步流（Async Streams）、可空引用类型（Nullable Reference Types）、范围变量（Range Variables）、字符串插值（String Interpolation）和异步主函数（Async Main）等特性，这些都是为了简化开发者的工作流程和提高代码质量。 2. **.NET Core升级**：随着.NET Core的发布，本书可能涵盖了跨平台支持、模块化架构、性能优化、依赖注入（Dependency Injection）和微服务（Microservices）等方面的内容，以适应.NET Core的轻量级和灵活架构。 3. **代码示例与实践**：书中会包含大量的实际代码示例，帮助读者理解和应用新特性的用法，同时展示如何在.NET Core平台上实现高效的代码组织和错误处理。 4. **调试与测试**：对于.NET Core的调试工具和单元测试框架，作者可能会介绍如何有效地诊断和修复问题，以及编写高质量测试用例的方法。 5. **性能优化**：针对.NET Core的性能优化策略，包括内存管理、并发编程最佳实践以及如何利用新的语言特性进行更有效的资源使用。 6. **最新库和框架**：随着.NET Core生态系统的不断扩展，书中可能还会涵盖当时可用的一些主流库和框架，如ASP.NET Core、Entity Framework Core等。 7. **实战项目指导**：通过实际项目案例，读者可以学习如何将理论知识转化为实际的开发经验，掌握在生产环境中使用C# 7.0和.NET Core的最佳实践。《Pro C# 7 with .NET Core》适合已有一定C#基础的开发人员阅读，无论是初学者还是资深开发者，都能从中获取关于最新技术和框架的深度洞察，提升自身的编程技能和项目开发能力。此外，由于版权和法律限制，本书强调了所有内容的版权归属，并提醒读者尊重知识产权，遵循相关许可协议。

■ Contents

xvi

Interfaces As Parameters ............................................................................................. 293

Interfaces As Return Values ......................................................................................... 295

Arrays of Interface Types .............................................................................................. 296

Implementing Interfaces Using Visual Studio ............................................................... 297

Explicit Interface Implementation ................................................................................ 299

Designing Interface Hierarchies ................................................................................... 301

Multiple Inheritance with Interface Types ........................................................................................... 303

The IEnumerable and IEnumerator Interfaces .............................................................. 305

Building Iterator Methods with the yield Keyword ..............................................................................308

Building a Named Iterator ...................................................................................................................310

The ICloneable Interface............................................................................................... 311

A More Elaborate Cloning Example.....................................................................................................313

The IComparable Interface ........................................................................................... 316

Specifying Multiple Sort Orders with IComparer ................................................................................319

Custom Properties and Custom Sort Types......................................................................................... 320

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 321

■Part IV: Advanced C# Programming �� 323

■Chapter 9: Collections and Generics �� 325

The Motivation for Collection Classes .......................................................................... 325

The System.Collections Namespace .................................................................................................. 327

A Survey of System.Collections.Specialized Namespace ................................................................... 329

The Problems of Nongeneric Collections ..................................................................... 330

The Issue of Performance ................................................................................................................... 330

The Issue of Type Safety ..................................................................................................................... 333

A First Look at Generic Collections ..................................................................................................... 336

The Role of Generic Type Parameters .......................................................................... 337

Specifying Type Parameters for Generic Classes/Structures ............................................................. 339

Specifying Type Parameters for Generic Members ............................................................................. 340

Specifying Type Parameters for Generic Interfaces ............................................................................ 340

■ Contents

xvii

The System.Collections.Generic Namespace ............................................................... 342

Understanding Collection Initialization Syntax ................................................................................... 343

Working with the List<T> Class .........................................................................................................345

Working with the Stack<T> Class ...................................................................................................... 346

Working with the Queue<T> Class .....................................................................................................347

Working with the SortedSet<T> Class ...............................................................................................348

Working with the Dictionary<TKey, TValue> Class .............................................................................350

The System.Collections.ObjectModel Namespace ....................................................... 351

Working with ObservableCollection<T> ............................................................................................. 352

Creating Custom Generic Methods ............................................................................... 354

Inference of Type Parameters ............................................................................................................. 356

Creating Custom Generic Structures and Classes ........................................................ 357

The default Keyword in Generic Code.................................................................................................358

Constraining Type Parameters ...................................................................................... 360

Examples Using the where Keyword ..................................................................................................360

The Lack of Operator Constraints .......................................................................................................362

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 363

■Chapter 10: Delegates, Events, and Lambda Expressions �� 365

Understanding the .NET Delegate Type ........................................................................ 365

Deﬁning a Delegate Type in C# ........................................................................................................... 366

The System.MulticastDelegate and System.Delegate Base Classes .................................................. 369

The Simplest Possible Delegate Example .................................................................... 370

Investigating a Delegate Object .......................................................................................................... 372

Sending Object State Notiﬁcations Using Delegates .................................................... 373

Enabling Multicasting ......................................................................................................................... 376

Removing Targets from a Delegate’s Invocation List .......................................................................... 378

Method Group Conversion Syntax ...................................................................................................... 379

Understanding Generic Delegates ................................................................................ 380

The Generic Action<> and Func<> Delegates ................................................................................... 382

■ Contents

xviii

Understanding C# Events ............................................................................................. 384

The C# event Keyword ........................................................................................................................386

Events Under the Hood ....................................................................................................................... 387

Listening to Incoming Events..............................................................................................................388

Simplifying Event Registration Using Visual Studio ............................................................................ 389

Cleaning Up Event Invocation Using the C# 6.0 Null-Conditional Operator ........................................ 391

Creating Custom Event Arguments ..................................................................................................... 392

The Generic EventHandler<T> Delegate ............................................................................................ 393

Understanding C# Anonymous Methods ...................................................................... 394

Accessing Local Variables ..................................................................................................................396

Understanding Lambda Expressions ............................................................................ 397

Dissecting a Lambda Expression ........................................................................................................400

Processing Arguments Within Multiple Statements ............................................................................ 401

Lambda Expressions with Multiple (or Zero) Parameters ...................................................................403

Retroﬁtting the CarEvents Example Using Lambda Expressions ........................................................ 404

Lambdas and Expression-Bodied Members (Updated) .......................................................................404

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 406

■Chapter 11: Advanced C# Language Features �� 407

Understanding Indexer Methods .................................................................................. 407

Indexing Data Using String Values ...................................................................................................... 409

Overloading Indexer Methods .............................................................................................................411

Indexers with Multiple Dimensions ....................................................................................................411

Indexer Deﬁnitions on Interface Types ................................................................................................ 412

Understanding Operator Overloading ........................................................................... 412

Overloading Binary Operators ............................................................................................................. 413

And What of the += and –= Operators? ............................................................................................. 416

Overloading Unary Operators.............................................................................................................. 416

Overloading Equality Operators .......................................................................................................... 417

Overloading Comparison Operators ....................................................................................................418

Final Thoughts Regarding Operator Overloading ................................................................................ 418

■ Contents

xix

Understanding Custom Type Conversions .................................................................... 419

Recall: Numerical Conversions ........................................................................................................... 419

Recall: Conversions Among Related Class Types ................................................................................ 419

Creating Custom Conversion Routines ...............................................................................................420

Additional Explicit Conversions for the Square Type........................................................................... 423

Deﬁning Implicit Conversion Routines ................................................................................................ 424

Understanding Extension Methods ............................................................................... 425

Deﬁning Extension Methods ............................................................................................................... 426

Invoking Extension Methods ............................................................................................................... 427

Importing Extension Methods ............................................................................................................. 428

The IntelliSense of Extension Methods ............................................................................................... 428

Extending Types Implementing Speciﬁc Interfaces ............................................................................ 429

Understanding Anonymous Types ................................................................................ 431

Deﬁning an Anonymous Type .............................................................................................................. 431

The Internal Representation of Anonymous Types .............................................................................. 432

The Implementation of ToString() and GetHashCode() ........................................................................ 434

The Semantics of Equality for Anonymous Types ............................................................................... 434

Anonymous Types Containing Anonymous Types ............................................................................... 436

Working with Pointer Types .......................................................................................... 436

The unsafe Keyword ........................................................................................................................... 438

Working with the * and & Operators ................................................................................................... 440

An Unsafe (and Safe) Swap Function .................................................................................................441

Field Access via Pointers (the -> Operator) ........................................................................................ 442

The stackalloc Keyword ......................................................................................................................442

Pinning a Type via the ﬁxed Keyword ................................................................................................. 443

The sizeof Keyword ............................................................................................................................444

Summary ...................................................................................................................... 444

■Chapter 12: LINQ to Objects �� 445

LINQ-Speciﬁc Programming Constructs ....................................................................... 445

Implicit Typing of Local Variables ....................................................................................................... 446

Object and Collection Initialization Syntax.......................................................................................... 446

■ Contents

Lambda Expressions ...........................................................................................................................447

Extension Methods ............................................................................................................................. 448

Anonymous Types ............................................................................................................................... 449

Understanding the Role of LINQ ................................................................................... 449

LINQ Expressions Are Strongly Typed ................................................................................................. 450

The Core LINQ Assemblies .................................................................................................................. 450

Applying LINQ Queries to Primitive Arrays ................................................................... 451

Once Again, Using Extension Methods ............................................................................................... 453

Once Again, Without LINQ ................................................................................................................... 453

Reﬂecting Over a LINQ Result Set ...................................................................................................... 454

LINQ and Implicitly Typed Local Variables .......................................................................................... 455

LINQ and Extension Methods .............................................................................................................. 457

The Role of Deferred Execution ..........................................................................................................458

The Role of Immediate Execution ....................................................................................................... 459

Returning the Result of a LINQ Query ........................................................................... 460

Returning LINQ Results via Immediate Execution .............................................................................. 461

Applying LINQ Queries to Collection Objects ................................................................ 462

Accessing Contained Subobjects ....................................................................................................... 462

Applying LINQ Queries to Nongeneric Collections .............................................................................. 463

Filtering Data Using OfType<T>( ) ...................................................................................................... 464

Investigating the C# LINQ Query Operators .................................................................. 465

Basic Selection Syntax ....................................................................................................................... 466

Obtaining Subsets of Data .................................................................................................................. 467

Projecting New Data Types ................................................................................................................. 468

Obtaining Counts Using Enumerable ..................................................................................................469

Reversing Result Sets ......................................................................................................................... 470

Sorting Expressions ............................................................................................................................470

LINQ As a Better Venn Diagramming Tool ........................................................................................... 471

Removing Duplicates ..........................................................................................................................472

LINQ Aggregation Operations .............................................................................................................. 472

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C# 7与.NET Core深度探索：Pro C# 7 with .NET Core 第8版指南

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