IEC 62841-4-3: 2020安全标准 - 步行控制式割草机

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"IEC 62841-4-3-2020.pdf" 这份文件是关于电动手持工具、便携式工具和园林机械的安全标准，特别是针对行人控制的步行式割草机的特定要求。IEC 62841-4-3是国际电工委员会（IEC）制定的一份国际标准，旨在促进全球范围内关于电气设备标准化的合作与协调。 IEC 62841-4-3 第1.0版于2020年11月发布，涵盖了电动操作的手持工具、便携式工具以及园林和草坪机械设备的安全规范。此标准的第4-3部分专门针对步行控制的步行式草坪割草机，提出了具体的安全要求。这些要求旨在确保在使用这类割草机时，操作者和周围环境的安全。标准内容可能包括但不限于以下几个方面： 1. 设计与构造：规定割草机的设计应考虑操作者的安全，如操作手柄的位置、机器的稳定性、切割系统的防护装置等。 2. 机械安全：涵盖机械部件的防护，防止意外启动、误操作导致的伤害，以及在割草机运行过程中可能出现的危险情况。 3. 电气安全：规定了电机和电气系统的安全标准，包括绝缘、接地、电源连接、过载保护等方面，以防止电击和电气火灾。 4. 使用与维护：提供操作、保养和维修的指导，确保使用者能正确且安全地使用和维护割草机。 5. 标签与警告：要求割草机上应有清晰的警告标志和使用说明，提醒操作者注意潜在危险并遵循正确的操作程序。 6. 环境条件：考虑到各种气候和地形条件，标准可能规定了割草机在不同环境下的使用限制。 7. 测试与验证：定义了一套测试方法，以确保割草机符合所有安全要求，并在上市前通过相关认证。这份标准对于制造商、设计工程师、质量保证团队、安全监管机构以及最终用户来说都具有重要意义。制造商需要按照这些标准来设计和制造产品，以满足法规要求；而用户则可以参考这些标准来评估割草机的安全性能，确保在使用过程中尽可能降低风险。此外，这份文档还提到了版权信息，指出未经许可，任何部分都不能复制或以任何形式使用，除非得到IEC或请求国的IEC国家委员会的书面许可。对于有关IEC版权的问题或获取该出版物额外使用权的查询，可以联系IEC的指定地址或当地的IEC成员国国家委员会。

– 14 – IEC 62841-4-3:2020 © IEC 2020

c) Thoroughly inspect the area where the lawnmower is to be used and remove all

stones, sticks, wires, bones, and other foreign objects. Thrown objects can cause

personal injury.

d) Before using the lawnmower, always visually inspect to see that the blade and the

blade assembly are not worn or damaged. Worn or damaged parts increase the risk of

injury.

e) Before use, check the supply cord and any extension cord for signs of damage or

aging. Do not use the lawnmower if the cord is damaged or worn. If the cord is

damaged or worn during use, switch off the lawnmower and do not touch the cord

before disconnecting it from the supply. A damaged supply cord or extension cord may

result in electric shock, fire and/or serious injury.

f) Check the grass catcher frequently for wear or deterioration. A worn or damaged

grass catcher may increase the risk of personal injury.

NOTE 101 It is possible to replace the term “catcher” by an alternative term such as “collector” or “bag”.

NOTE 102 The above warning is omitted for machines that can only be operated as a mulching lawnmower.

g) Keep guards in place. Guards must be in working order and be properly mounted. A

guard that is loose, damaged, or is not functioning correctly may result in personal injury.

h) Keep all cooling air inlets clear of debris. Blocked air inlets and debris may result in

overheating or risk of fire.

i) While operating the lawnmower, always wear non-slip and protective footwear. Do

not operate the lawnmower when barefoot or wearing open sandals. This reduces the

chance of injury to the feet from contact with the moving blade.

j) While operating the lawnmower, always wear long trousers. Exposed skin increases

the likelihood of injury from thrown objects.

k) Do not operate the lawnmower in wet grass. Walk, never run. This reduces the risk of

slipping and falling which may result in personal injury.

l) Do not operate the lawnmower on excessively steep slopes. This reduces the risk of

loss of control, slipping and falling which may result in personal injury.

m) When working on slopes, always be sure of your footing, always work across the

face of slopes, never up or down and exercise extreme caution when changing

direction. This reduces the risk of loss of control, slipping and falling which may result in

personal injury.

n) Use extreme caution when reversing or pulling the lawnmower towards you. Always

be aware of your surroundings. This reduces the risk of tripping during operation.

o) Keep the supply cord away from the cutting blades. A damaged supply cord may result

in electric shock, fire and/or serious injury.

p) Switch off and remove plug from mains if the cord is entangled or damaged.

Entangled or damaged cords can increase the risk of electric shock.

q) Do not touch blades and other hazardous moving parts while they are still in motion.

This reduces the risk of injury from moving parts.

r) When clearing jammed material or cleaning the lawnmower, make sure all power

switches are off and the power cord is disconnected. Unexpected operation of the

lawnmower may result in serious personal injury.

8.14.2 a) Addition:

101) Explanation of the safety devices that the lawnmower incorporates as part of the

original equipment;

102) Information regarding pre-operating procedures;

103) Information regarding the recommended cutting means to be used on the lawnmower;

104) Instructions on the permitted operating positions for handles.

IEC 62841-4-3:2020 © IEC 2020 – 15 –

8.14.2 b) Addition:

101) Hazards which may be encountered while using the lawnmower, such as blockage of

the cutting means, and how to avoid them while performing typical tasks;

102) Instructions to stop the cutting means if the machine has to be tilted for transportation

when crossing surfaces other than grass and when transporting the machine to and

from the area to be used;

103) Instructions not to tilt the machine when switching on the motor, except if the machine

has to be tilted for starting. In this case, instruction not to tilt it more than absolutely

necessary and to lift only the part which is away from the operator;

104) Instructions to stop the machine, and remove plug from the socket, and to make sure

that all moving parts have come to a complete stop

– after striking a foreign object, and to inspect the machine for damage and make

repairs before restarting and operating the machine;

– if the machine starts to vibrate abnormally, and then to immediately inspect for

damage, replace or repair any damaged parts and to check for and tighten any loose

parts;

105) Recommendation for the use of a residual current device with a tripping current of

30 mA or less;

106) Instructions to empty the grass catcher before storage.

8.14.2 c) Addition:

101) Information regarding regular maintenance routines;

102) Recommendations for cleaning and maintenance before storage;

103) Information explaining the consequences of improper maintenance, the use of non-

conforming replacement components, or the removal or modification of safety

components;

104) Instruction to replace worn or damaged components in sets to preserve balance, as

applicable;

105) Instructions for machines with multiple cutting means, to take care as rotating one

cutting means can cause other cutting means to rotate;

106) Instructions to be careful during adjustment of the machine to prevent entrapment of the

fingers between moving cutting means and fixed parts of the machine;

107) Instructions to always allow the machine to cool down before storing;

108) Instructions regarding replacing or servicing cutting means;

109) Advice that when servicing the cutting means to be aware that, even though the power

source is switched off, the cutting means can still be moved.

Replacement of NOTE:

NOTE In Europe (EN 62841-4-3), the following additional requirements apply:

Emissions

1) The noise emission, measured in accordance with Clause I.2, as follows:

– A-weighted emission sound pressure level L

and its uncertainty K

, where L

exceeds 70 dB(A).

Where L

does not exceed 70 dB(A), this fact shall be indicated;

– the A-weighted measured and guaranteed sound power levels L

;

– peak C-weighted instantaneous emission sound pressure value L

pCpeak

, where this exceeds 63 Pa

(130 dB in relation to 20 µPa).

2) Re

commendation for the operator to wear hearing protection.

3) The vibration total value and its uncertainty measured in accordance with Clause I.3.

When the vibration total value does not exceed 2,5 m/s

, this shall be stated.

When

the vibration total value exceeds 2,5 m/s

, its value shall be given in the instructions.

– 16 – IEC 62841-4-3:2020 © IEC 2020

4) The following information:

– that the declared vibration total value has been measured in accordance with a standard test method

and may be used for comparing one machine with another;

– that the declared vibration total value may also be used in a preliminary assessment of exposure.

5) A warning:

– that the vibration emission during actual use of the machine can differ from the declared total value

depending on the ways in which the machine is used; and

– of the need to identify safety measures to protect the operator that are based on an estimation of

exposure in the actual conditions of use (taking account of all parts of the operating cycle such as the

times when the machine is switched off and when it is running idle in addition to the trigger time).

8.14.3 Replacement:

If information about the mass or weight of the machine is provided, it shall be the mass

specified in 5.17 together with the mass of a supply cord with a length not less than 10 m, if

any.

Compliance is checked by inspection.

9 Protection against access to live parts

This clause of Part 1 is applicable, except as follows:

9.2 Addition:

For machines that are class II tools, access to the surface of basic insulation or metal parts

separated from live parts by basic insulation is permitted when the cutting means is

removed, if the use of a tool is required for its removal.

10 Starting

This clause of Part 1 is applicable.

11 Input and current

This clause of Part 1 is applicable.

12 Heating

This clause of Part 1 is applicable, except as follows:

12.2.1 Replacement:

The load conditions for the heating test of 12.2 are as follows.

The test is conducted with the machine mounted on an unperforated flat horizontal surface

with the cutting means attached, and with the minimum size of openings for connection to

the torque load. The traction drive wheels, if any, are lifted the minimum amount required to

avoid contact with the unperforated flat horizontal surface. The lawnmower is operated with a

torque load applied such that rated input or rated current is drawn until thermal equilibrium

is reached under the most unfavourable conditions. For machines with more than one motor

(i.e. separate motors for the cutting means and traction drive), the lawnmower is operated

with torque loads such that rated input or rated current of each motor in accordance with

8.1.101 is drawn until thermal equilibrium is reached under the most unfavourable conditions.

IEC 62841-4-3:2020 © IEC 2020 – 17 –

For lawnmowers employing non-metallic filaments or one or more pivotally mounted cutting

elements as the cutting means, at the manufacturer’s discretion, the torque may be applied

by either

• an external mechanical load; or

• extending or modifying the cutting elements

such that when supplied at rated voltage, the machine operates at rated input or rated

current.

The most unfavourable conditions are determined using the configuration of attachments and

cutting means in accordance with 8.14.2, which yields the highest temperature at a reference

location when evaluated at both minimum and maximum cutting height. This determination

may be made at one of the required voltages of 12.2 using thermocouples.

The reference location is chosen on the motor assembly at a location that minimises the

cooling effect of air flow.

NOTE A measurement of the rotating speed of the cutting means during the heating test is needed in some

cases for the test of 17.2.

13 Resistance to heat and fire

This clause of Part 1 is applicable.

14 Moisture resistance

This clause of Part 1 is applicable, except as follows:

14.2 Replacement:

The enclosure of the machine shall provide the degree of protection against moisture in

accordance with the marking of the machine.

Compliance is checked by the appropriate treatment specified in 14.2.2, with the machine

conditions as in 14.2.1.

14.2.1 Replacement:

The machine is not connected to the supply.

Detachable parts which can be removed without the aid of a tool are removed and subjected,

if necessary, to the relevant treatment with the main part. Machines fitted with an appliance

inlet, plug or other connector are tested without the mating connector in place. Air filters are

not removed.

14.2.2 Replacement:

Machines other than IPX0 are subjected to tests of IEC 60529:2013 as follows:

– IPX1 machines are subjected to the test described in 14.2.1;

– IPX2 machines are subjected to the test described in 14.2.2;

– IPX3 machines are subjected to the test described in 14.2.3a;

– IPX5 machines are subjected to the test described in 14.2.5. For this test, the water

stream is applied from all practicable directions, including the underside of the machine;

– IPX6 machines are subjected to the test described in 14.2.6. For this test, the water

stream is applied from all practicable directions, including the underside of the machine;

– IPX7 machines are subjected to the test described in 14.2.7. For this last test, the

machine is immersed in water containing approximately 1,0 % NaCl.

Machines classified as IPX4 are subjected to the test described in 14.2.4a of IEC 60529:2013,

except as follows:

– the test is conducted with a circular horizontal unperforated support having a diameter of

twice the oscillating tube radius minus 15 cm. The support is placed at the level of the

pivot axis of the oscillating tube. During the test, the support is rotated about its

vertical axis at a rate of (1 ± 0,1)/min;

– the machine is placed on the unperforated support; and

– the cutting height is set to 30 mm or the next higher cutting position when set on a hard

level surface. Machines with a maximum cutting height setting of 30 mm or less are set

at their maximum cutting height setting; and

– the horizontal centreline of the machine is aligned with the pivot axis of the oscillating tube

at the start of test. The movement of the oscillating tube is limited to 90° either side from

the vertical, the time for one complete oscillation (2 × 90°) being (6 ± 1) s;

– the duration of the test is 10 min.

Immediately after the appropriate treatment, the machine shall withstand the electric strength

test of Annex D between live parts and accessible parts, the test voltage being 2 500 V. The

function of any SCF shall not be impaired.

14.3 to 14.5 These subclauses of Part 1 are not applicable.

15 Resistance to rusting

This clause of Part 1 is applicable.

16 Overload protection of transformers and associated circuits

This clause of Part 1 is applicable.

17 Endurance

This clause of Part 1 is applicable, except as follows:

17.2 Replacement:

The machine is operated at no load. The machine is fitted with the most unfavourable cutting

means in accordance with 8.14.2 a) 103).

Series motors are supplied at a voltage such that the rotating speed of the cutting means is

the same as that obtained in 12.2.1 at rated voltage or the lower limit of the rated voltage

range. Other motor types and lawnmowers employing non-metallic filaments or one or more

pivotally mounted cutting elements as the cutting means are operated at rated voltage or

the lower limit of the rated voltage range.

The machine is operated for 48 h. If the test is conducted on the same sample used for the

tests of Clause 12, the 48 h is reduced by the running time necessary for the tests of

Clause 12. During the test, the machine is placed in its normal operating position according to

8.14.2.

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