NBU一体机Oracle数据库还原测试详解

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"NBU一体机数据库还原测试操作记录20200724.docx" 本文档详细记录了在NBU(NetBackup)一体机上进行Oracle数据库的还原测试操作,包括实例备份还原和数据一致性比对。文档中提到了在出现问题时的解决策略,以及整个还原流程的详细步骤。 一、操作步骤 1. 首先,需要在新的服务器上安装与源数据库服务器相同版本的Oracle和操作系统。确保Oracle用户账号与源服务器保持一致,并开启数据库的归档模式。 2. 在新服务器上创建Oracle密码文件,例如`orapwdfile=path\pwdsid.orapassword=`,或者直接复制源服务器的密码文件至目标机器。 3. 创建一个与要恢复的数据库具有相同SID的新数据库,同时确保文件路径与源服务器一致。 4. 记录下原数据库的DBID,可以通过RMAN输出或询问DBA获取。 5. 从生产库中创建pfile.ora文件,然后将原pfile复制到新测试服务器,关闭数据库后创建spfile。 SQL命令示例:`create pfile='/$PATH/pfile' from spfile='/$PATH/spfile';` 6. 设置新数据库的DBID为源数据库的DBID。 7. 使用RMAN恢复控制文件,需先确定控制文件的名称,如`cntrl_26_1_1046604346`。 RMAN恢复控制文件脚本: ``` run { allocate channel ch00 type 'sbt_tape'; SEND 'NB_ORA_SERV=nbu5240,NB_ORA_CLIENT=oracle-2'; restore controlfile from 'cntrl_26_1_1046604346'; release channel ch00; } ``` 8. 继续使用RMAN恢复数据库并修复数据库。 RMAN恢复和修复数据库脚本: ``` run { allocate channel ch00 type 'sbt_tape'; SEND 'NB_ORA_SERV=nbu5240,NB_ORA_CLIENT=oracle-2'; restore database; recover database; release channel ch00; } ``` 9. 最后,通过`ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS`命令打开数据库。 二、出现问题汇总及解决办法 1. 数据恢复过程中可能出现错误,如"Recover database"报错,通常是因为redo日志的系统改变号(SCN)不匹配。解决方法是使用RMAN的`RECOVER DATABASE UNTIL SCN 2292709;`命令,指定到特定SCN停止恢复。 2. 手动备份时可能遇到错误,如归档日志问题。解决方法可能是使用RMAN的`CHANGE ARCHIVELOG ALL DELETE INPUT;`命令删除输入的归档日志,或者检查并确保所有需要的归档日志都已备份并可访问。 这个操作记录文档对于理解如何在NBU一体机上进行Oracle数据库的备份和恢复具有很高的参考价值,同时也强调了在处理数据库恢复过程中可能遇到的问题及其解决方案。
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