Atheros AR7161 路由器软件开发手册

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"Atheros AP System User's Manual_01112010.pdf - Atheros AR7161系列路由器的软件开发说明文档" 本文档是Atheros Communications, Inc.发布的Atheros AP System User's Manual，适用于AR7161系列路由器。此手册为初步版本，日期为2010年1月11日，包含公司机密信息，并受版权保护。Atheros是一家专注于无线通信技术的公司，拥有多种注册商标，如Atheros®, AtherosDriven®, AtherosXR®, SuperAG®, SuperG®, Total802.11n®, WakeonWireless®等。该手册可能包含的技术细节和信息已进行了仔细审查，以确保准确性。然而，由于技术的快速发展，文档内容可能会随时更改，且Atheros不承担因文档中可能存在的任何错误而产生的责任。公司保留更新或保持文档信息最新，以及不通知用户进行变更的权利。 Atheros AR7161系列路由器是一款基于Atheros通信技术的设备，很可能涉及802.11n标准的无线网络技术。802.11n标准是Wi-Fi的一个重要版本，提供了更高的数据传输速率和更稳定的无线连接。Atheros的一些技术品牌，如Signal-Sustain Technology™（SST），可能用于增强无线信号的稳定性和穿透力，而SuperAG®和SuperG®则可能指的是Atheros的高速无线技术解决方案。用户手册通常会包含以下内容： 1. **产品概述**：介绍AR7161系列路由器的基本功能和设计特点。 2. **硬件安装**：详述如何设置和配置物理设备，包括天线连接、电源接入和端口说明。 3. **软件配置**：提供关于设置无线网络、安全选项（如WPA/WPA2）、访问控制和QoS（服务质量）的指导。 4. **网络管理**：涵盖如何监控网络状态、诊断问题以及进行固件升级。 5. **故障排除**：列出常见问题及其解决方法。 6. **技术规格**：列出设备的硬件和软件规格，如射频功率、频道带宽和最大连接速度。 7. **安全警告**：提醒用户在操作和维护设备时需要注意的安全事项。对于软件开发者而言，这份手册将提供API接口、编程指南以及如何利用Atheros的API进行应用程序开发的信息。这包括可能的开发工具、编程语言支持（如C或Python）以及如何与AR7161系列路由器的硬件特性交互。 Atheros AP System User's Manual是为开发者和网络管理员提供的重要参考资料，它帮助他们理解和利用AR7161系列路由器的功能，以构建和优化无线网络环境。由于技术的不断进步，开发者应密切关注Atheros的更新，以确保其应用和网络配置始终与时俱进。

PRELIMINARY

Atheros Communications, Inc. Atheros AP System User’s Guide • 14

COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Jan 2009

2.2.2.2 Command Line Usage

The cgiMain program also has command line switches available for use in scripts. This provides convenient access to

stored parameter data, and data updated via web pages. In fact, a web page can start a script as part of a CGI interface,

where the script executes command line versions of cgiMain within the script to perform various functions.

Note that the cache file takes precedence over the flash contents when executing scripts. This is to allow changes to be

made and executed on a temporary basis, and only kept if the desired configuration operates satisfactorily. If you want

to discard cache change, they either ALL have to be discarded, or specific parameters removed. See adding, deleting,

committing, and invalidating cache.

In order to avoid putting /usr/www/cgi-bin into the execution path, a soft link from /bin/cfg to

/usr/www/cgi-bin/cgiMain can be made. All following examples assume the system is configured in this manner. The

basic command line format is as follows:

#cfg [option] [option parameter]

2.2.2.2.1 Adding/modifying a variable in the cache file

To add a variable/value pair to the cache, use the following form:

#cfg –a VAR=VALUE

The variable name must not include spaces, and if the value includes spaces they must be “escaped” (\<char>) or the

value enclosed in quotes (“val”).

2.2.2.2.2 Deleting (removing) a value from the cache file

To delete a variable/value pair from the cache, use the following form:

#cfg –r VAR

The variable name must not include spaces. If the variable does not exist, no error is generated, but no action is

preformed on the cache file. If you remove a variable from the cache file, but do not commit the cache, it will remain in

the permanent flash storage and will be defined upon next bootup.

2.2.2.2.3 Committing the cache file to flash

To commit the contents of the cache file to flash, use the following form:

#cfg –c

This copies the entire contents of the cache file to flash. These values will be preserved through boot and power cycles.

2.2.2.2.4 Invalidating the cache file

In order to invalidate the cache file (re-read it from flash), use the following form:

#cfg –i

This re-reads the contents of the flash and overwrites the cache file with the flash values. This effectively eliminates any

changes made to the cache file without saving them to flash. Use with caution.

2.2.2.2.5 Translating a file

In order to translate a tagged file into a file with values inserted, use the following form:

#cfg –t<index> <filename>

This performs the translation as defined above. Note that the output is put to stdout, so it must be redirected to the

desired destination. The index argument on the option indicates the index value to use for variables with the “#” tag. An

example of usage:

#cfg –t2 /etc/wpa2/open_bss.ap > /tmp/sec2.cfg

This will translate the file /etc/wpa2/openbss.ap, inserting tags and using the value of “_2” as the substation for “#” tags,

and output the file to /tmp/sec2.cfg. The original file is not affected.

PRELIMINARY

Atheros Communications, Inc. Atheros AP System User’s Guide • 15

COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Jan 2009

2.2.2.2.6 Exporting variables

In order to use the variables in scripts, they need to be exported. The form for doing this is:

#cfg –e

This will output all variables in the form “export VAR=VALUE” for all variables in the cache. To use this in a script

file, you can put the following line in the script:

`cfg –e`

and all variable/value pairs will be in the environment for use.

2.2.2.2.7 Resetting to factory defaults

Resetting to factory defaults is a two step process. First, all current variables must be deleted. This is done by using the

–x option as in the following form:

#cfg -x

This deletes everything in cache and in flash. To reset the default values, execute the apcfg script to re-populate the

defaults. Note that this will be done by the apup script automatically:

#/etc/ath/apcfg

2.3 Environmental Variables

All configuration information is stored in the form of environmental variables that can be displayed by the “cfg –e”

command. Error! Reference source not found. outlines the various environmental variables, their default values (if

applicable), and their effects.

Table 2 AP Environmental Variable

Variable Default Description

ATH_countrycode Identifies the specific regulatory table to use for the country of

interest. Used for testing regulatory compliance.

AP_IPADDR 192.168.1.2 The IP address of the LAN interface; typically assigned to the bridge

interface, because the LAN is always included in the br0 bridge

interface with the ath interfaces.

AP_NETMASK 255.255.255.0 Provides the netmask for the LAN/bridge interface; defines the

number of IP address that can be addressed on the local LAN

interface.

Indicates the mode for the WAN.

bridged Indicates that the WAN interface is included on br0

static Indicates that the WAN interface is to be given the IP

address specified by WAN_IPADDR

WAN_MODE bridged

dhcp Indicates that the WAN interface should get its IP

address from the network it is connected to

WAN_IPADDR 192.168.2.1 IP address for the WAN

WAN_NETMASK 255.255.255.0 Netmask

PRIDNS Primary DNS server IP address

SECDNS Secondary DNS server IP address

WLAN_ON_BOOT N Indicates that the WLAN should be activated as part of the rcS script

on bootup. Only valid with the default parameters specified in the

apcfg file. This will be more useful with future enhancements.

PRELIMINARY

Atheros Communications, Inc. Atheros AP System User’s Guide • 16

COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Jan 2009

Mode for apup execution.

standard Creates a single AP

rootap Creates a single WDS mode AP

client Creates a single WDS station instance.

repeater Creates a WDS repeater containing an AP and client

multi Creates a multiple VAP configuration

multivlan Puts each VAP on a desired VLAN interface

AP_STARTMODE standard

dual On platforms capable of dual concurrent operations set

VAP0 to 2.4 GHz on radio 0, and VAP1 to 5.0 GHz

band on radio 1

AP_RADIO_ID# 0

For dual concurrent devices, the radio ID (0 for the “lower” slot, and

1 for the “upper” slot) must be identified for each VAP. When dual

concurrent mode (as opposed to multi mode) is selected, the radio

ID of the first VAP (ath0) is set to 0 and the second VAP (ath1) is

set to 1. In the following entries the radio parameters with the _2

suffix refer to settings for Radio 1 (the “second” radio).

For each VAP, the “mode” of the AP is required. The mode is used

to initialize the VAP. The following are the available modes:

ap Infrastructure access point

sta Simple station VAP (not normally used alone)

ap-wds WDS (4 address frame) format interface that WDS

stations can connect to. See ROOTAP_MAC.

AP_MODE# ap

sta-wds Client WDS interface that connects to an Infrastructure

WDS interface, creating a WDS bridge between the

two devices. Also see ROOTAP_MAC.

AP_PRIMARY_CH

AP_PRIMARH_CH_2

Indicates the specific channel to set the AP to. Setting to a value of

“11ng” will cause the AP to scan for a free 11g (2.4 GHz) channel.

A value of “11na” will cause the AP to scan for a free 11a (5 GHz)

channel, and a value of “11ng” will scan for a free 11g (2.4 GHz)

channel. Note that the selected channel should match the extension

channel (PLUS or MINUS) mode appropriate for the selected

channel/regulatory mode.

AP_CHMODE

AP_CHMODE_2

11NGHT20

11NAHT40PLUS

Specifies the channel operating mode. See Table 7 Channel

Operating Modes

and section 3.1.3 for details.

ROOTAP_MAC This is used for clients, and will set the preferred MAC address for

the repeater client to associate to. In WDS mode, this is provided to

the client device, and is the MAC address of the WDS VAP on the

root AP device.

AP_VLAN# For each VAP that is associated to a VLAN, this parameter

identifies the VLAN ID for the VAP.

PRELIMINARY

Atheros Communications, Inc. Atheros AP System User’s Guide • 17

COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL Jan 2009

AP_BRNAME When assigning a VLAN to a VAP, a bridge instance is created for

the VLAN. This identifies the “name” of the bridge.

TXQUEUELEN 1000 Provides the number of transmit descriptors to be allocated for the

ath object. These are shared for all VAPs

SHORTGI

SHORTGI_2

1 Enables the short gating interval.

AMPDUENABLE

AMPDUENABLE_2

1 Enables AMPDU aggregation; applies to all VAPs attached to the

radio.

AMPDUFRAMES

AMPDUFRAMES_2

32 Maximum number of frames to include in the aggregated frame.

Applies to all VAPs attached to the radio.

AMPDULIMIT

AMPDULIMIT_2

50000 Number of bytes for the maximum size of the AMPDU packet.

AMPDUMIN

AMPDUMIN_2

32768 Minimum number of bytes to include in an AMPDU frame.

Setting for channel width management.

0 HT20 only

1 HT20/40

CWMMODE

CWMMODE_2

2 HT40 only

Specifies if rate control is to be controlled automatically through the

rate control module.

auto Automatic rate control

RATECTL auto

manual Manually set the rates and retry limits

MANRATE 0x8c8c8c8c This 32 bit hex number encodes the 4 rate table entries that are tried

on the link. This if manual rate control is enabled.

MANRETRIES 0x04040404 Number of retries on each rate interval to attempt before changing.

Only applicable if manual rate control

RX_CHAINMASK

RX_CHAINMASK_2

5 for 3 chain device

3 for 2 chain device

Selects the chain mask to apply to the Receive path. The lowest 3

bits indicate the three antenna chains. This is for a “by 2”

configuration. This setting will override the setting in the EEPROM

of the device.

TX_CHAINMASK

TX_CHAINMASK_2

5 for 3 chain device

3 for 2 chain device

Selects the chain mask to apply to the Transmit path. The lowest 3

bits indicate the transmit chains to include. This is for a “2 by”

configuration. . This setting will override the setting in the

EEPROM of the device.

AP_SSID# Atheros_Xspan_2G

Atheros_Xspan_5G

For the single VAP configurations, or the repeater case, only

AP_SSID is used. Default setting is as indicated.

For multiple VAP configurations, specifies the SSID for each VAP

instance (AP_SSID is VAP 1). If any of the variables are not

defined, the associated VAP will not be created. The AP_SSID_x

variables should be defined in order. If AP_SSID_2 is not defined,

AP_SSID_3 should not be defined. For example, if you are creating

3 VAPs, do not define AP_SSID_4. If you are only creating two

VAPs, do not define AP_SSID_3 and AP_SSID_4.

AP_SECMODE# NONE Selects the security mode for the indicated VAP. One of “WEP”,

“WPA”, “WSC”, or “NONE”

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