PostgreSQL入门指南：经典教程第三版

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"PostgreSQL Up and Running第三版是关于PostgreSQL数据库的一本入门教程，适合初学者和希望深入了解PostgreSQL的读者。" 在本教程中，作者首先介绍了为什么选择PostgreSQL，强调其作为开源数据库的强大功能和稳定性。同时，也讨论了可能不选择PostgreSQL的情况，以便读者能做出明智的决策。本书面向的是对数据库管理感兴趣的读者，无论他们是开发者、系统管理员还是数据分析师。书中详细阐述了获取和安装PostgreSQL的方法，以及各种可用的管理工具，如命令行工具`psql`、图形界面工具pgAdmin、phpPgAdmin和Adminer，这些工具可以帮助用户更方便地管理和操作数据库。接着，书中讲解了PostgreSQL中的核心概念，如数据库对象，包括表、索引、视图等，并介绍了新版本中引入的特性，例如PostgreSQL 10、9.6、9.5和9.4中的新功能，鼓励用户升级以利用最新的改进和优化。此外，书中的数据库驱动部分讨论了与PostgreSQL兼容的各种编程语言和连接器，使得开发者能够轻松地在不同平台上使用PostgreSQL。书中还提供了获取帮助的途径，包括社区论坛、邮件列表等，以便读者在遇到问题时能找到支持。在数据库管理部分，作者详细解析了配置文件（如postgresql.conf和pg_hba.conf）的使用，以及如何调整它们以优化性能。管理连接、检查阻塞查询和角色管理（包括创建登录角色和组角色）也是这部分的重点。数据库创建过程，包括使用模板数据库和架构，帮助读者理解如何组织和管理数据。在权限和安全方面，书中介绍了不同的特权类型、开始设置权限的基础知识、GRANT语句的用法，以及默认特权和一些权限的特殊性。最后，关于扩展的章节讨论了如何安装和使用PostgreSQL的附加模块，以增强数据库的功能。 "PostgreSQL Up and Running第三版"是一本全面的指南，涵盖了PostgreSQL的基础到高级主题，为读者提供了一个扎实的学习路径，使他们能够熟练掌握这款强大的开源数据库系统。

Why Not PostgreSQL?

Given all the proselytizing thus far, it’s only fair that we point out situations

when PostgreSQL might not be suitable.

The typical installation size of PostgreSQL without any extensions is more than

100MB. This rules out PostgreSQL for a database on a small device or as a

simple cache store. Many light-weight databases abound that could better

serve your needs without the larger footprint.

Given its enterprise stature, PostgreSQL doesn’t take security lightly. If you’re

developing lightweight applications where you’re managing security at the

application level, PostgreSQL security with its sophisticated role and

permission management could be overkill. You might consider a single-user

user database such as SQLite or a database such as Firebird that can be run

either as client server or in single user embedded mode.

All that said, it is a common practice to combine PostgreSQL with other

database types. One common combination you will find is using Redis or

Memcache is used to cache PostgreSQL query results. As another example,

SQLite can be used to store a disconnected set of data for offline querying

while PostgreSQL is the main database backend for an application.

Finally, many hosting companies don’t offer PostgreSQL on a shared hosting

environment, or offer an outdated version. Most still gravitate towards the

impotent MySQL. To a web designer where database is an afterthought,

MySQL might suffice. But as soon as you learn to write any SQL beyond a

single-table select and simple joins, you’ll begin to sense the shortcomings of

MySQL. Since the first edition of this book, virtualization has resown the

landscape of commerical hosting, so having your own dedicated server is no

longer a luxury, but the norm. And when you have your own server, you’re free

to choose what you wish to have installed. PostgreSQL bodes well with the

popularity of cloud computing such as Platform as a service (PaaS) and

Database As a Service (DbaaS). Most of the major PaaS and DbaaS providers

offer PostgreSQL, notably Heroku, Engine Yard, Red Hat OpenShift, and

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